The chronology of Indian mathematicians spans from the

Indus Valley civilisation The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900&n ...

and the

Vedas upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the ...

Modern India Modern may refer to: History *Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Philosoph ...

. Indian mathematicians have made a number of contributions to mathematics that have significantly influenced scientists and mathematicians in the modern era.

Hindu-Arabic numerals Arabic numerals are the ten numerical digits: , , , , , , , , and . They are the most commonly used symbols to write decimal numbers. They are also used for writing numbers in other systems such as octal, and for writing identifiers such as c ...

predominantly used today and likely into the future.

Ancient

Baudhayana sutras The (Sanskrit: बौधायन) are a group of Vedic Sanskrit texts which cover dharma, daily ritual, mathematics and is one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st-millennium BCE. Th ...

(fl. c. 900 BCE) *

Yajnavalkya Yajnavalkya or Yagyavalkya ( sa, याज्ञवल्क्य, ) is a Hindu Vedic sage figuring in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (c. 700 BCE)., Quote: "Yajnavalkya, a Vedic sage, taught..."Ben-Ami Scharfstein (1998), ''A comparative histor ...

(700 BCE) *

Manava Manava (c. 750 BC – 690 BC) is an author of the Hindu geometric text of ''Sulba Sutras.'' The Manava Sulbasutra is not the oldest (the one by Baudhayana is older), nor is it one of the most important, there being at least three Sulbasu ...

(fl. 750–650 BCE) *

Apastamba Dharmasutra ''Āpastamba Dharmasūtra'' (Sanskrit: आपस्तम्ब धर्मसूत्र) is a Sanskrit text and one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st-millennium BCE. It is one of ...

(c. 600 BCE) *''

Pāṇini , era = ;;6th–5th century BCE , region = Indian philosophy , main_interests = Grammar, linguistics , notable_works = ' (Sanskrit#Classical Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit) , influenced= , notable_ideas=Descript ...

'' (c. 520–460 BCE) *

Kātyāyana Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) also spelled as Katyayana (est. c. 6th to 3rd century BCE) was a Sanskrit grammarian, mathematician and Vedic priest who lived in ancient India. पतञ्जलीमहर्षिः Patanjali Maharsh ...

(fl. c. 300 BCE) * Akspada Gautama(c. 600 BCE–200 CE) *

Bharata Muni Bharata Muni (Hindi: भरत मुनि) was an ancient sage who the musical treatise '' Natya Shastra'' is traditionally attributed to. The work covers ancient Indian dramaturgy and histrionics, especially Sanskrit theatre. Bharata is con ...

(200 BCE-200 CE) *

Pingala Acharya Pingala ('; c. 3rd2nd century BCE) was an ancient Indian poet and mathematician, and the author of the ' (also called the ''Pingala-sutras''), the earliest known treatise on Sanskrit prosody. The ' is a work of eight chapters in the late ...

(c. 3rd/2nd century BCE)

Classical

Post-Vedic Sanskrit to Pala period mathematicians (2nd century BCE to 11th century CE)

Medieval Period (1200–1800)

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

Madhava of Sangamagrama Iriññāttappiḷḷi Mādhavan known as Mādhava of Sangamagrāma () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from the town believed to be present-day Kallettumkara, Aloor Panchayath, Irinjalakuda in Thrissur District, Kerala, India. He is ...

Parameshvara Vatasseri Parameshvara Nambudiri ( 1380–1460) was a major Indian mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama. He was also an astrologer. Parameshvara was a proponent of ob ...

(1360–1455), discovered drk-ganita, a mode of astronomy based on observations *

Nilakantha Somayaji Keļallur Nilakantha Somayaji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a major mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehensi ...

(1444–1545), mathematician and astronomer *

Shankara Variyar Shankara Variyar (; .) was an astronomer-mathematician of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. His family were employed as temple-assistants in the temple at near modern Ottapalam. Mathematical lineage He was taught mainly by Nila ...

(c. 1530) * Jyeshtadeva (1500–1610), author of ''

Yuktibhāṣā ''Yuktibhāṣā'' ( ml, യുക്തിഭാഷ, lit=Rationale), also known as Gaṇita-yukti-bhāṣā and (''Compendium of Astronomical Rationale''), is a major treatise on Indian mathematics, mathematics and Hindu astronomy, astronomy, ...

'' *

Achyuta Pisharati Achyuta Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Thrikkandiyur (aka Kundapura), Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhav ...

(1550–1621), mathematician and astronomer * Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri (1560–1646/1666) * Achyuta Panikkar (c. 1550 – 7 July 1621)

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

Raghunatha Siromani Raghunatha Shiromani ( bn, রঘুনাথ শিরোমণি, IAST: Raghunātha Śiromaṇi) () was an Indian philosopher and logician. He was the head ( The Chancellor ) of the Ancient Mithila University also known as Mithila Vidyapeet ...

(1475–1550) * Gangesha Upadhyaya (first half of the 14th century)

Others

* Munishvara (17th century) * Kamalakara (1657) * Narayana Pandita (1325–1400) *

Mahendra Suri Mahendra is a Sanskrit compound word deriving from Maha (Highest position) and Indra Deva (the King of Gods) from Hindu mythology.{{Citation needed, date=April 2022 It has been used in compound royal styles. History and politics Royalty * ...

(14th century) * Mulla Jaunpuri (1606–1651)

Born in 19th century

Born in 20th century

Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai (5 April 1901 – 31 August 1950) was an Indian mathematician specialising in number theory. His contribution to Waring's problem was described in 1950 by K. S. Chandrasekharan as "almost certainly his best ...

(1901–1950) *

Raj Chandra Bose Raj Chandra Bose (19 June 1901 – 31 October 1987) was an Indian American mathematician and statistician best known for his work in design theory, finite geometry and the theory of error-correcting codes in which the class of BCH codes is par ...

(1901–1987) * Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan (1902–1955) * Dattaraya Ramchandra Kaprekar (1905–1986) * Lakkoju Sanjeevaraya Sharma (1907–1998) *

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (; ) (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian-American theoretical physicist who spent his professional life in the United States. He shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A. Fowler for "... ...

(1910–1995) * S. S. Shrikhande (1917–2020) *

Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya (P.C.Vaidya; 23 May 1918 – 12 March 2010), was an Indian physicist and mathematician, renowned for his instrumental work in the general theory of relativity. Apart from his scientific career, he was also an education ...

(1918–2010) *

Anil Kumar Gain Anil Kumar Gain FRSS FCPS (1 February 1919 – 7 February 1978) (also spelt Anil Kumar Gayen) was an Indian mathematician and statistician best known for his works on the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient in the field of applied ...

(1919–1978) *

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao FRS (born 10 September 1920), commonly known as C. R. Rao, is an Indian-American mathematician and statistician. He is currently professor emeritus at Pennsylvania State University and Research Professor at the Un ...

(born 1920) *

Harish-Chandra Harish-Chandra Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (11 October 1923 – 16 October 1983) was an Indian American mathematician and physicist who did fundamental work in representation theory, especially harmonic analysis on semisimple Lie groups. ...

(1923–1983) *

P. K. Srinivasan P.K. Srinivasan (PKS) (4 November 1924 – 20 June 2005) was a well known mathematics teacher in India. He taught mathematics at the Muthialpet High School in Chennai, India until his retirement. His singular dedication to education of mathematic ...

(1924–2005) *

C. S. Seshadri Conjeevaram Srirangachari Seshadri (29 February 1932 – 17 July 2020) was an Indian mathematician. He was the founder and director-emeritus of the Chennai Mathematical Institute, and is known for his work in algebraic geometry. The Seshadri ...

(1932–2020) * M. S. Narasimhan (1932–2021) * Srinivasacharya Raghavan (born 1934) * K. S. S. Nambooripad (1935–2020) * Ramaiyengar Sridharan (born 1935) * Vinod Johri (1935–2014) * K. R. Parthasarathy (born 1936) * S. N. Seshadri (1937–1986) * Ramdas L. Bhirud (1937–1997) * S. Ramanan (born 1937) *

Pranab K. Sen Pranab Kumar Sen (born 7 November 1937 in Calcutta, India)Curriculum vitae
, retriev ...

(born 1937) *

Veeravalli S. Varadarajan Veeravalli Seshadri Varadarajan (18 May 1937 – 25 April 2019) was an Indian mathematician at the University of California, Los Angeles, who worked in many areas of mathematics, including probability, Lie groups and their group representation ...

(1937–2019) *

Jayanta Kumar Ghosh Jayanta Kumar Ghosh (Bengali: জয়ন্ত কুমার ঘোষ, 23 May 1937 – 30 September 2017) was an Indian statistician, an emeritus professor at Indian Statistical Institute and a professor of statistics at Purdue University. ...

(1937–2017) *

C. P. Ramanujam Chakravarthi Padmanabhan Ramanujam (9 January 1938 – 27 October 1974) was an Indian mathematician who worked in the fields of number theory and algebraic geometry. He was elected a fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences in 1973. Like his ...

(1938–1974) * V. N. Bhat (1938–2009) *

S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan Sathamangalam Ranga Iyengar Srinivasa Varadhan FRS (born 2 January 1940) is an Indian American mathematician, widely recognised as one of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century. He is known for his fundamental contributions to ...

(born 1940) *

M. S. Raghunathan Madabusi Santanam Raghunathan FRS is an Indian mathematician. He is currently Head of the National Centre for Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai. Formerly Professor of eminence at TIFR in Homi Bhabha Chair. Raghunathan receiv ...

(born 1941) *

Vashishtha Narayan Singh Vashishtha Narayan Singh (2 April 1946 – 14 November 2019) was an Indian academic. He was a child prodigy and completed his PhD in 1969. He taught mathematics at various institutes in the 1960s and 1970s. Singh was diagnosed with schizophreni ...

(1942–2019) *

C. R. Rao Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao FRS (born 10 September 1920), commonly known as C. R. Rao, is an Indian-American mathematician and statistician. He is currently professor emeritus at Pennsylvania State University and Research Professor at the Un ...

(born 1920) * S. B. Rao (born 1943) * Phoolan Prasad (born 1944) *

Gopal Prasad Gopal Prasad (born 31 July 1945 in Ghazipur, India) is an Indian-American mathematician. His research interests span the fields of Lie groups, their discrete subgroups, algebraic groups, arithmetic groups, geometry of locally symmetric space ...

(born 1945) * Vijay Kumar Patodi (1945–1976) *

S. G. Dani Shrikrishna Gopalrao Dani is a professor of mathematics at the Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai who works in the broad area of ergodic theory. Education He did a master's degree from the University of Mumbai in 1969. He then joi ...

(born 1947) * Raman Parimala (born 1948) * Singhi Navin M. (born 1949) * Sujatha Ramdorai *

R. Balasubramanian Ramachandran Balasubramanian (born 15 March 1951) is an Indian mathematician and was Director of the Institute of Mathematical Sciences in Chennai, India. He is known for his work in number theory, which includes settling the final g(4) case o ...

(born 1951) *

M. Ram Murty Maruti Ram Pedaprolu Murty, FRSC (born 16 October 1953 in Guntur, India) is an Indo-Canadian mathematician at Queen's University, where he holds a Queen's Research Chair in mathematics. Biography M. Ram Murty is the brother of mathematician ...

(born 1953) *

Alok Bhargava Alok Bhargava (born 13 July 1954) is an Indian econometrician. He studied mathematics at Delhi University and economics and econometrics at the London School of Economics. He is currently a full professor at the University of Maryland School ...

(born 1954) *

Rattan Chand Rattan Chand is an Indian former senior bureaucrat who has served Government of India at various positions for more than 35 years. Apart from working at senior positions in Government of India he has also been a resource person to USAID, World ...

(born 1955) * V. Kumar Murty (born 1956) *

Rajendra Bhatia Rajendra Bhatia (born 1952) is an Indian mathematician, author, and educator. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Ashoka University located in Sonipat, Haryana ,India. Education He studied at the University of Delhi, where he compl ...

(born 1952) *

Narendra Karmarkar Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born Circa 1956) is an Indian Mathematician. Karmarkar developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher. He invented one of the first provably polynomial time algorithms for linear p ...

(born 1957) *

Dipendra Prasad Dipendra Prasad (born 1960) is an Indian mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. He is a number theorist known for his work in the areas of automorphic representations and the Gan–Gross ...

(born 1960) *

Dinesh Thakur Dinesh Thakur (1947 – 20 September 2012) was an Indian theatre director, actor in theatre, television and Hindi film, where most notably he appeared as one of the leads in ''Rajnigandha'' 1974 and directed by Basu Chatterjee, which won both Fi ...

(born 1961) *

Manindra Agrawal Manindra Agrawal (born 20 May 1966) is a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering and the Deputy Director at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He was also the recipient of the first Infosys Prize for Mathematics ...

(born 1966) *

Madhu Sudan Madhu Sudan (born 12 September 1966) is an Indian-American computer scientist. He has been a Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences since 2015. Career He received ...

(born 1966) * Suresh Venapally (born 1966) * Chandrashekhar Khare (born 1968) *

U. S. R. Murty Uppaluri Siva Ramachandra Murty,list of South Asian namesof computer scientists. Accessed on 2010-01-01. or U. S. R. Murty (as he prefers to write his name), is a Professor Emeritus of the Department of Combinatorics and Optimization, University of ...

* Ramji Lal (born 1945) * L. Mahadevan *

Kapil Hari Paranjape Kapil Hari Paranjape is an Indian mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry. He is a Professor of Mathematics at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali. Biography He was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra near the Kabo ...

Vijay Vazirani Vijay Virkumar Vazirani ( hi, विजय वीरकुमार वज़ीरानी; b. 1957) is an Indian American distinguished professor of computer science in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences at the Universi ...

(born 1957) *

Umesh Vazirani Umesh Virkumar Vazirani is an Indian-American academic who is the Roger A. Strauch Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley, and the director of the Berkeley Quantum Computation Center. Hi ...

Mahan Mj Mahan Mj (born Mahan Mitra (Bengali: মহান মিত্র), 5 April 1968), also known as Mahan Maharaj and Swami Vidyanathananda, is an Indian mathematician and monk of the Ramakrishna Order. He is currently Professor of Mathematics at ...

(born 1968) * Santosh Vempala (born 1971) *

Kannan Soundararajan Kannan Soundararajan (born December 27, 1973) is an India-born American mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Stanford University. Before moving to Stanford in 2006, he was a faculty member at University of Michigan where he pursued hi ...

(born 1973) * Kiran Kedlaya (born 1974) *

Manjul Bhargava Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds A ...

(born 1974) * M.P.Chaudhary (born 1975) *

Ritabrata Munshi Ritabrata Munshi (born 14 September 1976 in Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal) is an Indian mathematician specialising in number theory. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India ...

(born 1976) * Amit Garg (born 1978) *

Subhash Khot Subhash Khot (born June 10, 1978 in Ichalkaranji) is an Indian-American mathematician and theoretical computer scientist who is the Julius Silver Professor of Computer Science in the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York Univers ...

(born 1978) * Sourav Chatterjee (born 1979) *

Akshay Venkatesh Akshay Venkatesh (born 21 November 1981) is an Australian mathematician and a professor (since 15 August 2018) at the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study. His research interests are in the fields of counting, equidistribu ...

(born 1981) *

Sucharit Sarkar Sucharit Sarkar (born 1983) is an Indian topologist and professor of mathematics at the University of California, Los Angeles who works in low-dimensional topology. Education and career Sarkar attended secondary school at South Point High School ...

(born 1983) *

Neena Gupta Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and television. Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for pl ...

(born 1984) * Nayandeep Deka Baruah (born 1972) *

Anand Kumar Anand Kumar (born 1 January 1973) is an Indian Mathematics educator best known for his Super 30 programme, which he started in Patna, Bihar in 2002, known for coaching underprivileged students for JEE- Main & JEE-Advanced, the entrance exam ...

(born 1973) *

External links

Famous Indian Mathematicians
{{Indian mathematics ** Indian mathematicians

mathematicians A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change. History One ...