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The people on this list are or were survivors of
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
's attempt to exterminate the Jewish people in Europe before and during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. A state-enforced persecution of
Jewish people Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""Th ...
in Nazi-controlled Europe lasted from the introduction of the
Nuremberg Laws The Nuremberg Laws (german: link=no, Nürnberger Gesetze, ) were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany on 15 September 1935, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of th ...
in 1935 to
Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then ...
's defeat in 1945. Although there were many victims of the Holocaust, the ''International Commission on Holocaust Era Insurance Claims'' (ICHEIC) defines a
Holocaust survivor Holocaust survivors are people who survived the Holocaust, defined as the persecution and attempted annihilation of the Jews by Nazi Germany and its allies before and during World War II in Europe and North Africa. There is no universally accep ...
as, "Any Jew who lived for any period of time in a country that was ruled by the Nazis or their allies." The United States Holocaust Museum (USHMM) gives a broader definition: "The Museum honors as a survivor any person who was displaced, persecuted, and/or discriminated against by the racial, religious, ethnic, social, and/or political policies of the Nazis and their allies between 1933 and 1945. In addition to former inmates of concentration camps and ghettos, this includes refugees and people in hiding." Most notably, as well as Jewish people, this includes
Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Ce ...
,
Romani people The Romani (also spelled Romany or Rromani , ), colloquially known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group, traditionally nomadic itinerants. They live in Europe and Anatolia, and have diaspora populations located worldwide, with sig ...
,
Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The group reports a worldwide membership of approximately 8.7 million adherents involved in ...
and those who were persecuted for political reasons such as
Communists Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a so ...
, those who were persecuted for religious reasons (such as Pastor Niemoller), and
homosexuals Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to pe ...
and those of other sexual orientations. It includes those who were actually in hiding in Nazi-occupied countries. The latter includes
Hidden Children Hidden children during the Holocaust were the (mainly Jewish) children who were hidden in various different ways during the Holocaust, in order to save them from the Nazis. Most were hidden in Poland, though some were hidden in Western Europe. Not a ...
, who were hidden to escape the Nazis. Most especially, in contrast to the ICHEIC definition, it includes
refugees A refugee, conventionally speaking, is a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to well-founded fear of persecution.
, who fled from their homeland to escape the Nazis, and never lived in a Nazi-controlled country. The ICHEIC definition was created for the purpose of resolving some insurance claims. Over time, the classes of insurance claims have greatly expanded. This list does not include
refugees A refugee, conventionally speaking, is a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to well-founded fear of persecution.
, since it is created on the basis of the restricted ICHEIC definition. Refugees include the unaccompanied children of the
Kindertransport The ''Kindertransport'' (German for "children's transport") was an organised rescue effort of children (but not their parents) from Nazi-controlled territory that took place during the nine months prior to the outbreak of the Second World ...
and the unaccompanied
One Thousand Children The One Thousand Children (OTC) is a designation, created in 2000, which is used to refer to the approximately 1,400 Jewish children who were rescued from Nazi Germany and other Nazi-occupied or threatened European countries, and who were taken di ...
.


Actors, actresses and directors


Living


Deceased


Artists, painters, and photographers


Living


Deceased


Humanities


Living


Deceased


Literature, memoirs and publishing


Living


Deceased


Mathematics and natural sciences


Living


Deceased


Military


Deceased


Music


Living


Deceased


Politics, resistance


Living


Deceased


Speakers and researchers of the Holocaust


Living


Deceased


Sports


Living


Deceased


Theology, spirituality, religion


Living


Deceased


Other


Living


Deceased


See also

* 3GNY *
American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors and their Descendants The American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors and Their Descendants, also known as the American Gathering, is the largest organization of Holocaust survivors in North America. It functions as an umbrella organization for survivor resources, ...
*
List of survivors of Sobibor This is a list of survivors of the Sobibor extermination camp. The list is divided into two groups. The first comprises the 58 known survivors of those selected to perform forced labour for the camp's daily operation. The second comprises those dep ...
*
List of victims and survivors of Auschwitz This is a list of notable victims and survivors of the Auschwitz concentration camp; that is, victims and survivors about whom a significant amount of independent secondary sourcing exists. This list represents only a very small portion of the 1.1 ...
*
Holocaust denial Holocaust denial is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that falsely asserts that the Nazi genocide of Jews, known as the Holocaust, is a myth, fabrication, or exaggeration. Holocaust deniers make one or more of the following false statements: ...
* Jews escaping from Nazi Europe *
List of victims of Nazism This is a list of victims of Nazism who were noted for their achievements. Many on the lists below were of Jewish and Polish origin, although Soviet POWs, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Serbs, Catholics, Roma and dissidents were also murdered. This ...
*
Selvino children The Selvino children were a group of approximately 810 Jewish children orphaned by the Holocaust,Ahron Megged; Vivien Eden, The Story of the Selvino Children', August 2001, Valentine Mitchell & Co Ltd, rescued after World War II from ghettos an ...
*
Sh'erit ha-Pletah Sh'erit ha-Pletah is a Hebrew term for Jewish Holocaust survivors living in Displaced Persons (DP) camps, and the organisations they created to act on their behalf with the Allied authorities. These were active between 27 May 1945 and 1950–51, ...
*
Heroic Children ''Heroic Children: Untold Stories of the Unconquerable'' is a 2015 non-fiction book by Hanoch Teller. The book recounts the true stories of nine individuals from Jewish communities across Europe who survived the Holocaust as children. It is the 28 ...
, a collection of true stories about child survivors


Documentaries about Holocaust survivors

* ''
The Boys of Buchenwald ''The Boys of Buchenwald'' is a 2002 documentary film produced by Paperny Films that examines how the child survivors of the Buchenwald concentration camp had to integrate themselves back into normal society after having experienced the brutality ...
'' * ''The Girl From Boryslaw: Australian Story with Sabina Wolanski'', the story of Sabina Wolanski who was chosen to speak on behalf of the six million dead at the opening of the
Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (german: Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas), also known as the Holocaust Memorial (German: ''Holocaust-Mahnmal''), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust, designed by arc ...
in Berlin in May 2005 * ''
The Lady in Number 6 ''The Lady in Number 6: Music Saved My Life'' is an Academy Award-winning 2013 documentary-short film directed, written and produced by Malcolm Clarke. ''The Lady In Number 6: Music Saved My Life'' tells the story of Alice Herz-Sommer, a German-s ...
'' * ''
Marion's Triumph ''Marion's Triumph'' is a 2003 documentary film that tells the story of Marion Blumenthal Lazan, a child Holocaust survivor, who recounts her painful childhood memories in order to preserve history. The film combines rare historic footage, anima ...
'' * ''
One Survivor Remembers ''One Survivor Remembers'' is a 1995 documentary short film by Kary Antholis. Summary Holocaust survivor Gerda Weissmann Klein recounts her six-year ordeal as a victim of Nazi cruelty, including the loss of her parents, brother, friends, home, p ...
'', directed by
Kary Antholis Kary Antholis (born 1962) is an American publisher and editor oCrimeStory.com former executive at the television network HBO and documentary filmmaker best known for the Oscar-winning short ''One Survivor Remembers'', which was inducted into the Na ...
* ''
Pola's March ''Pola's March'' is a 1998 Documentary film, documentary made by Jonathan Gruber (filmmaker), Jonathan Gruber about a Holocaust survivor, Pola Susswein's emotional trip back to her childhood home in Poland after fifty years spent in Israel, trying ...
'' * ''
Shoah The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ar ...
'', directed by
Claude Lanzmann Claude Lanzmann (; 27 November 1925 – 5 July 2018) was a French filmmaker known for the Holocaust documentary film ''Shoah'' (1985). Early life Lanzmann was born on 27 November 1925 in Paris, France, the son of Paulette () and Armand Lanzmann. ...


References


External links


Online Torchlighter Film Archive
- an archive of the short films depicting the stories of the survivors shown as each of six torches is lit during the official
Yom HaShoah Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah ( he, יום הזיכרון לשואה ולגבורה, , lit=Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day), known colloquially in Israel and abroad as Yom HaShoah (יום השואה) and in English as Holocaust Reme ...
ceremony that takes place at
Yad Vashem Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against th ...

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Holocaust Survivors Aftermath of the Holocaust Lists of survivors Survivors