{{Colonial governors by year, year=1816

Denmark

* Danish Gold Coast – Christian Schiønning, Governor of the Danish Gold Coast (1807–1817) * Danish West Indies – *#Peter Lotharius von Oxholm, Governor-General of the Danish West Indies (1815–1816) *#Johan Henrik von Stabel, Governor-General of the Danish West Indies (1816) *#Adrian Benjamin Bentzon, Governor-General of the Danish West Indies (1816–1820) * Iceland – Johan Carl Thuerecht Castenschiold, Governor of Iceland (1813–1819) *

North Greenland The Northern Inspectorate of Greenland also known as North Greenland was a Danish inspectorate on Greenland consisting of the trading centers and missionary stations along the northwest coast of the island. History North Greenland was established ...

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Peter Hanning Motzfeldt Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a sur ...

, Inspector of North Greenland (1803–1817) * South Greenland –

Marcus Nissen Myhlenphort Marcus, Markus, Márkus or Mărcuș may refer to: * Marcus (name), a masculine given name * Marcus (praenomen), a Roman personal name Places * Marcus, a main belt asteroid, also known as (369088) Marcus 2008 GG44 * Mărcuş, a village in Dobârl� ...

, Inspector of South Greenland (1802–1821)

France

* French Guiana – under Portuguese rule (1809–1817) *

Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the ...

– *#Occupied by British 10 August 1815 – 25 July 1816 *# Antoine Philippe de Lardenoy,

Governor of Guadeloupe (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office) Note: currently, the prefect is not the true departmental head, which is the President of the General Council. The prefect is merely the representative of the national government. ...

(1816–1823) * Martinique – Pierre-René-Marie, comte de Vaugiraud, Governor of Martinique (1814–1818) *

Réunion Réunion (; french: La Réunion, ; previously ''Île Bourbon''; rcf, label= Reunionese Creole, La Rényon) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France. It is located approximately east of the island ...

– Athanase Hyacinthe Bouvet de Lozier,

Governor of Réunion A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

(1815–1817)

Netherlands

Aruba Aruba ( , , ), officially the Country of Aruba ( nl, Land Aruba; pap, Pais Aruba) is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands physically located in the mid-south of the Caribbean Sea, about north of the Venezuela peninsula of ...

– *#Occupied by British (1805–1816) *# Lodewijk Christoph Boyé, Commander of Aruba (1816–1819) *

Dutch Gold Coast The Dutch Gold Coast or Dutch Guinea, officially Dutch possessions on the Coast of Guinea (Dutch: ''Nederlandse Bezittingen ter Kuste van Guinea'') was a portion of contemporary Ghana that was gradually colonized by the Dutch, beginning in 1612. ...

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Abraham de Veer Abraham de Veer (born 8 January 1767 – 1 February 1838) was a Dutch colonial administrator, who served as governor of Curaçao (1803–1804); the Dutch Gold Coast (1810–1816); Sint Eustatius, Saba (island), Saba and Sint Maarten (1817–18 ...

, Commandant-General of the Dutch Gold Coast (1810–March 1, 1816); Herman Willem Daenels, Governor-General of the Dutch Gold Coast (to 1818) *

Surinam Surinam may refer to: * Surinam (Dutch colony) (1667–1954), Dutch plantation colony in Guiana, South America * Surinam (English colony) (1650–1667), English short-lived colony in South America * Surinam, alternative spelling for Suriname ...

– *# Occupied by British (1804–1816) *#

Willem Benjamin van Panhuys Willem Benjamin van Panhuys (5 December 1764 – 18 July 1816) was a Dutch military officer, planter, and colonial governor. He served as List of colonial governors of Suriname, Governor of Suriname from 27 February 1816 until his death on 18 July. ...

, Governor-General of Dutch Guiana (1816) *#Cornelis Reinhard Vaillant, Acting Governor-General of Dutch Guiana, (1816–1822)

Portugal

* Angola – *#

José de Oliveira Barbosa José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

, Governor of Angola (1810–1816) *#

Luís da Mota Fêo e Torres Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archai ...

, Governor of Angola (1816–1819) *

Cape Verde , national_anthem = () , official_languages = Portuguese , national_languages = Cape Verdean Creole , capital = Praia , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , demonym ...

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António Coutinho de Lencastre Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular male ...

Governor of Cape Verde The islands of Cape Verde were uninhabited when discovered and claimed by Portugal in 1456. A Portuguese colony was established in 1462. The islands were united as a single crown colony in 1587. In 1951, the islands became an overseas provi ...

(1803–1818) *

Bissau Bissau () is the capital, and largest city of Guinea-Bissau. Bissau had a population of 492,004. Bissau is located on the Geba River estuary, off the Atlantic Ocean, and is Guinea-Bissau's largest city, major port, and its administrative and m ...

– António Cardoso Figueiredo, Captain-Major of Bissau *

Cacheu Cacheu is a town in northwestern Guinea-Bissau, lying on the Cacheu River. Its population was estimated to be 9,849 . History and landmarks The town of Cacheu is situated in territory of the Papel people. The name is of Bainuk origin: "i.e. ''C ...

– Unknown * Portuguese Timor – José Pinto Alcoforado de Azevedo e Sousa,

Governor of East Timor This is a list of European (as well as Australian and Japanese) colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Portuguese Timor, an area equivalent to modern-day East Timor. List (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of ...

(1815–1819) * French Guiana – João Severiano Maciel da Costa, Governor of French Guiana (1809–1817); also technically owned by Spain * Macau – Lucas José de Alvarenga, Governor of Macau (1814–1817) * Mozambique – Marcos Caetano de Abreu e Meneses, Captain-General of Mozambique (1812–1817)

Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of New Granada – Francisco Montalvo y Ambulodi Arriola y Casabant Valdespino,

Viceroy of New Granada Spanish viceroys of the colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819) located in northern South America. Introduction The former territory within the Viceroyalty of New Granada corresponds to present day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Ven ...

(1816–1818) * Viceroyalty of New Spain – *# Félix María Calleja del Rey, conde de Calderón, Viceroy of New Spain (1813–1816) *# Juan Ruíz de Apodaca, conde de Venadito, Viceroy of New Spain (1816–1821) ** Captaincy General of Cuba – **#

Juan Ruíz de Apodaca Juan José Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza, 1st Count of Venadito, OIC, OSH, KOC (3 February 1754, Cadiz, Spain – 11 January 1835, Madrid, Spain) was a Spanish naval officer and viceroy of New Spain from 20 September 1816 to 5 July 1821, dur ...

Governor of Cuba This is a list of colonial heads of Cuba. Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office. For continuation after independence ''see'' List of presidents of Cuba. See also * List of governors of Provincia de Santiago de Cuba *Ti ...

(1812–1816) **# José Cienfuegos,

(1816–1819) ** Spanish East Indies – **# José de Gardoqui Jaraveita, Governor-General of the Philippines (1813–1816) **#

Mariano Fernández de Folgueras Mariano Fernández de Folgueras y Fernández Flores (1766 – June 1, 1823) was a Spanish military and colonial administrator who twice became the governor-general of the Philippines, from 1806 to 1810 and from 1816 to 1822. It was during his te ...

, Governor-General of the Philippines (1816–1822) ** Captaincy General of Santo Domingo – Carlos de Urrutia y Montoya, Governor of Santo Domingo (1813–1819) * Viceroyalty of Peru – *# José Fernando Abascal y Sousa, marqués de la Concordia, Viceroy of Peru (1806–1816) *# Joaquín de la Pezuela y Sánchez, marqués de Viluma, Viceroy of Peru (1816–1821) ** Captaincy General of Chile – Francisco Casimiro Marcó del Ponte Angel-Díaz y Méndez, Governor and Captain-General of Chile (1815–1818)

Sweden

* Saint-Barthélemy – *# Bernt Robert Gustaf Stackelberg, Governor of Saint-Barthélemy (1812–1816) *# Johan Samuel Rosensvärd, Governor of Saint-Barthélemy (1816–1818)

British Empire

Alderney Alderney (; french: Aurigny ; Auregnais: ) is the northernmost of the inhabited Channel Islands. It is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British Crown dependency. It is long and wide. The island's area is , making it the third-largest ...

– John Le Mesurier III, Governor of Alderney (1803–1825), Pierre Gauvin, Judge of Alderney (1807–1836) ** Sark –

Pierre Le Pelley II Pierre le Pelley II, 14th Seigneur of Sark (1763–1820) was Seigneur of Sark The Seigneur of Sark is the head of Sark in the Channel Islands. "Seigneur" is the French word for "lord", and a female head of Sark is called Dame of Sark, of whic ...

, Seigneur of Sark (1778–1820) *

Antigua Antigua ( ), also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the native population, is an island in the Lesser Antilles. It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the main island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda. Antigua and Bar ...

- Barbuda-

Montserrat Montserrat ( ) is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is part of the Leeward Islands, the northern portion of the Lesser Antilles chain of the West Indies. Montserrat is about long and wide, with r ...

– *#Part of Leeward Islands *#

George William Ramsay George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Presiden ...

, Governor of Antigua (1816–1819) * Assiniboia – *# Colin Robertson, Governor of Assiniboia (1815–1816) *# Robert Semple, Governor of Assiniboia (1816) *# Alexander MacDonell, Governor of Assiniboia (1816–1822) *Australia – see New South Wales * The Bahamas – Charles Cameron, Governor of the Bahamas (1804–1820) * Barbados – Sir James Leith, Governor of Barbados (1815–1816) *

Berbice Berbice is a region along the Berbice River in Guyana, which was between 1627 and 1792 a colony of the Dutch West India Company and between 1792 to 1815 a colony of the Dutch state. After having been ceded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain ...

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Henry William Bentinck Henry William Bentinck (15 November 1765–10 November 1820) was a Dutch-born military officer, planter and colonial administrator. He served as Governor of Saint Vincent (1802–1806), Essequibo Demerara (1806–1812), and Berbice (1814–1820) ...

, Lieutenant Governor of Berbice (1814–1820) * British Columbia – John Haldane, Governor of British Columbia (1813–1823) * British North America – *#vacant (1815–1816) During the American War of 1812, Lieutenant-General Sir George Prevost had been ''Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief in and over the Provinces of Upper-Canada, Lower-Canada, Nova-Scotia, and New~Brunswick, and their several Dependencies, Vice-Admiral of the same, Lieutenant-General and Commander of all His Majesty’s Forces in the said Provinces of Lower Canada and Upper-Canada, Nova-Scotia and New-Brunswick, and their several Dependencies, and in the islands of Newfoundland, Prince Edward, Cape Breton and the Bermudas, &c. &c. &c.'' Beneath Prevost, the staff of the British Army in ''the Provinces of Nova-Scotia, New-Brunswick, and their Dependencies, including the Islands of Newfoundland, Cape Breton, Prince Edward and Bermuda'' had been under the command of Lieutenant-General Sir

John Coape Sherbrooke General Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, (29 April 1764 – 14 February 1830) was a British soldier and colonial administrator. After serving in the British army in Nova Scotia, the Netherlands, India, the Mediterranean (including Sicily), and Spa ...

. *# Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, Governor General of British North America (1816–1818) **

Cape Breton Island Cape Breton Island (french: link=no, île du Cap-Breton, formerly '; gd, Ceap Breatainn or '; mic, Unamaꞌki) is an island on the Atlantic coast of North America and part of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. The island accounts for 18. ...

– **#

Hugh Swayne Hugh may refer to: * Hugh (given name) Noblemen and clergy French * Hugh the Great (died 956), Duke of the Franks * Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France under his father, Robert II * Hugh, Duke of Alsace (died 895), modern-day ...

, Lieutenant Governor of Cape Breton Island (1813–1816) **# George Robert Ainslie, Lieutenant Governor of Cape Breton Island (1816–1820) ** Lower Canada – **#

Sir Gordon Drummond General Sir Gordon Drummond, GCB (27 September 1772 – 10 October 1854) was a Canadian-born British Army officer and the first official to command the military and the civil government of Canada. As Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, Drum ...

, Acting Lieutenant-Governor of Lower Canada (1815–1816) **# John Wilson, Acting Governor of Lower Canada (1816) **# Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, Governor of Lower Canada (1816–1818) ** New Brunswick – *** Lieutenant Governor –

Thomas Carleton General Thomas Carleton (c. 1735 – 2 February 1817) was an Irish-born British Army officer who was promoted to colonel during the American Revolutionary War after relieving the siege of Quebec in 1776. After the war, he was appointed as L ...

Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick The lieutenant governor of New Brunswick (, in French: ''Lieutenant-gouverneur'' (if male) or ''Lieutenante-gouverneure'' (if female) ''du Nouveau-Brunswick'') is the viceregal representative in New Brunswick of the , who operates distinctly wit ...

(1786–1817) *** Administrator (acting for Carleton) – ***# George Stracey Smyth – Administrator of New Brunswick (1814–1816) ***# Harris Hailes – Administrator of New Brunswick (1816–1817, Lieutenant Governor 1817–1823) ** Nova Scotia – **# Sir John Coape Sherbrooke,

Governor of Nova Scotia The following is a list of the governors and lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia. Though the present day office of the lieutenant governor in Nova Scotia came into being only upon the province's entry into Canadian Confederation in 1867, the po ...

(1811–1816) **# George Stracey Smyth, Acting Governor of Nova Scotia (1816) **# George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie,

(1816–1820) ** Prince Edward Island – Charles Douglass Smith, Governor of Prince Edward Island (1812–1824) ** Bermuda – Major-General George Horsford (Lieutenant-

Governor of Bermuda The Governor of Bermuda (fully the ''Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Somers Isles (alias the Islands of Bermuda)'') is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Bermuda. For the purposes of this a ...

1812–1816) ** Upper Canada – Francis Gore,

Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada The following is a list of lieutenant governors of Ontario and the lieutenant governors of the former colony of Upper Canada. The office of Lieutenant Governor of Ontario was created in 1867, when the Province of Ontario was created upon Confed ...

(1815–1817) *

Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands () is a self-governing British Overseas Territory—the largest by population in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, which are located to the ...

– William Bodden, Chief Magistrate of the Cayman Islands (1776–1823) *

Ceylon Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

– Robert Brownrigg, Governor of Ceylon (1812–1820) *

Demerara-Essequibo The Colony of Demerara-Essequibo was created on 28 April 1812, when the British combined the colonies of Demerara and Essequibo into the colony of Demerara-Essequibo. They were officially ceded to Britain on 13 August 1814. On 20 November 1815 the ...

– John Murray, Lieutenant-Governor of Demerara-Essequibo (1813–1824) *

Dominica Dominica ( or ; Kalinago: ; french: Dominique; Dominican Creole French: ), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island country in the Caribbean. The capital, Roseau, is located on the western side of the island. It is geographically ...

–

Charles William Maxwell Lieutenant-General Sir Charles William Maxwell (1775 – 23 September 1848, Broadstairs) was a British soldier and colonial administrator. He was the eldest son of Charles Maxwell of Terraughty, Dumfriesshire and his third wife, Helen Douglas. ...

, Governor of Dominica (1816–1819) * The Gambia – Alexander Grant, Commandant of The Gambia (1815–1829) *

Gibraltar ) , anthem = " God Save the King" , song = " Gibraltar Anthem" , image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg , map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe , map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green , mapsize = , image_map2 = Gib ...

– Sir George Don, Governor of Gibraltar (1814–1821) * Gold Coast – Edward White, Governor of the Committee of Merchants (1807–April 21, 1816); Joseph Dawson (to 1817) *

Grenada Grenada ( ; Grenadian Creole French: ) is an island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Pe ...

– George Paterson, Acting Lieutenant Governor of Grenada (1815–1816);

Phineas Riall General Sir Phineas Riall, KCH (15 December 1775 – 10 November 1850) was the British general who succeeded John Vincent as commanding officer of the Niagara Peninsula in Upper Canada during the War of 1812. In 1816, he was appointed Governor ...

, Lieutenant Governor of Grenada (to 1823),

Peter de Havilland Sir Peter de Havilland (27 October 1747–April 1821) was a lawyer and member of the de Havilland family of Guernsey. He served as Bailiff of Guernsey from 1810 to 1821. Family and early life De Havilland was born at Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, in ...

, Bailiff of Grenada (1810–1821) *

– *#Sir James Leith, Governor of Guadeloupe (1815–1816) *#Returned to France *

Guernsey Guernsey (; Guernésiais: ''Guernési''; french: Guernesey) is an island in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy that is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British Crown Dependency. It is the second largest of the Channel Islands ...

– George Pembroke, Earl of Pembroke, Governor of Guernsey (1807–1827) * Heligoland –

Charles Hamilton Charles Hamilton may refer to: People in Canada * Charles Hamilton (bishop) (1834–1919), Anglican bishop of Ottawa * Charles Edward Hamilton (1844–1919), Canadian politician * Sir Charles Hamilton, 2nd Baronet, of Marlborough House (1767–184 ...

, Lieutenant Governor of Heligoland (1814–1817) * Ionian Islands – Sir Thomas Maitland, Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands (1815–1823); ''de facto'' protectorate * India – Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Earl of Moira, Governor-General of India (1813–1823) * Jamaica – William Montagu, 5th Duke of Manchester, Governor of Jamaica (1813–1821) ** Belize – Sir George Arthur, Superintendent of Belize (1814–1822) **

– William Bodden, Chief Magistrate of the Cayman Islands (1776–1823) *

Leeward Islands french: Îles-Sous-le-Vent , image_name = , image_caption = ''Political'' Leeward Islands. Clockwise: Antigua and Barbuda, Guadeloupe, Saint kitts and Nevis. , image_alt = , locator_map = , location = Caribbean SeaNorth Atlantic Ocean , coor ...

– *# Sir James Leith, Governor of the Leeward Islands (1814–1816) *#Leeward Islands colony divided in 1816: **Antigua-Barbuda-Montserrat colony **St. Christopher, Nevis, and Anguilla plus British Virgin Islands as a new colony * Malta – Sir Thomas Maitland, Governor of Malta (1813–1824) * Mauritius – Sir Robert Townsend Farquhar, Governor of Mauritius (1810–1823) * New South Wales –

Lachlan Macquarie Major-general (United Kingdom), Major General Lachlan Macquarie, Companion of the Order of the Bath, CB (; gd, Lachann MacGuaire; 31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland. Macquarie se ...

Governor of New South Wales The governor of New South Wales is the viceregal representative of the Australian monarch, King Charles III, in the state of New South Wales. In an analogous way to the governor-general of Australia at the national level, the governors of the ...

(1810–1821) ** Van Diemen's Land – Thomas Davey,

Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land The governor of Tasmania is the representative in the Australian state of Tasmania of the Monarch of Australia, currently King Charles III. The incumbent governor is Barbara Baker (judge), Barbara Baker, who was appointed in June 2021. The offi ...

(1813–1817) *

Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador (; french: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador; frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region ...

– *# Sir Richard Godwin Keats, Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland (1813–1816) *#

Francis Pickmore Vice Admiral Francis Pickmore RN ( 1756–24 February 1818) was a naval officer and colonial governor. Naval career He was born in Chester in England and joined the Royal Navy around 1770. He was in service in Newfoundland when he received ...

, Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland (1816–1818) * Rupert's Land – *# Robert Semple, Governor-in-Chief of Rupert's Land (1815–1816) *#

James Curtis Bird James Bird ( c. 1773 – 18 October 1856) was a Hudson's Bay Company fur trader. He was born in England and came to Canada in 1788. Bird made steady progress within the company serving his apprenticeship in York Factory and then moving on to mo ...

, Governor-in-Chief of Rupert's Land (1816–1818) * St. Christopher- Nevis- Anguilla- British Virgin Islands *#Part of Leeward Islands *#Stedman Rawlins, Governor (1816) *#Thomas Probyn, Governor (1816–1821) *

St. Lucia Saint Lucia ( acf, Sent Lisi, french: Sainte-Lucie) is an island country of the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean. The island was previously called Iouanalao and later Hewanorra, names given by the native Arawaks and Caribs, two Amerin ...

– *# Edward Stehelin, Governor of St. Lucia (1815–1816) *# Robert Douglas, Governor of St. Lucia (1816) *# Richard Augustus Seymour, Governor of St. Lucia (1816–1817) *

St. Vincent Saint Vincent may refer to: People Saints * Vincent of Saragossa (died 304), a.k.a. Vincent the Deacon, deacon and martyr * Saint Vincenca, 3rd century Roman martyress, whose relics are in Blato, Croatia * Vincent, Orontius, and Victor (died 305) ...

– Charles Brisbane, Governor of St. Vincent (1808–1829) * Tobago – *#John Balfour, Acting Governor of Tobago (1815–1816) *#Sir Frederick Philipse Robinson, Governor of Tobago (1816–1827) * Trinidad – Sir Ralph James Woodford, Governor of Trinidad (1813–1828) Colonial governors Colonial governors

1816 This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in s ...