List Of Butterflies Of Europe (Nymphalidae)
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This is a list of the butterflies of family Nymphalidae, or the "browns", which are found in Europe. It is a part of the List of the butterflies of Europe


Subfamily

Nymphalinae The Nymphalinae are a subfamily of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae). Sometimes, the subfamilies Limenitidinae, and Biblidinae are included here as subordinate tribe(s), while the tribe Melitaeini is occasionally regarded as a distinc ...

Tribe Junoniini *Diadem, ''
Hypolimnas misippus ''Hypolimnas misippus'', the Danaid eggfly, mimic, or diadem, is a widespread species of nymphalid butterfly. It is well known for polymorphism and mimicry. Males are blackish with distinctive white spots that are fringed in blue. Females are i ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1764) Canary Islands, Madeira Tribe
Nymphalini Nymphalini is a tribe of nymphalid brush-footed butterflies. Common names include admirals, anglewings, commas, and tortoiseshells, but none of these is specific to one particular genus. The name anglewing butterflies is an English translation ...
*European peacock, ''
Aglais io ''Aglais io'', the European peacock, more commonly known simply as the peacock butterfly, is a colourful butterfly, found in Europe and temperate Asia as far east as Japan. It was formerly classified as the only member of the genus ''Inachis'' ( ...
'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Small tortoiseshell, ''
Aglais urticae The small tortoiseshell (''Aglais urticae'') is a colourful Eurasian butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Adults feed on nectar and may hibernate over winter; in warmer climates they may have two broods in a season. While the dorsal surface of th ...
'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Sardinian small tortoiseshell, ''
Aglais ichnusa ''Aglais ichnusa'' is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. It is endemic to Corsica and Sardinia. Description from Seitz — ichnusa Bon. (62f ) is distinguished particularly by the less angulate wings, ...
'' (Bonelli, 1826) *Map butterfly, ''
Araschnia levana The map (''Araschnia levana'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Distribution The area of distribution of the map extends from Spain through Europe and east through the Palearctic to Central Asia and the Russian Far East to Korea and Ja ...
'' (Linnaeus 1758) *White petticoat, '' Nymphalis antiopa'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Large tortoiseshell, ''
Nymphalis polychloros The large tortoiseshell or blackleg tortoiseshell (''Nymphalis polychloros'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''Nymphalis polychloros polychloros'' * ''Nymphalis polychloros erythromelas'' (Austaut, 1 ...
'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Yellow-legged tortoiseshell, ''
Nymphalis xanthomelas ''Nymphalis xanthomelas'', the scarce tortoiseshell, is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in eastern Europe and Asia. This butterfly is also referred as yellow-legged tortoiseshell or large tortoiseshell (however, in Europe, "large tortois ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *False comma, ''
Nymphalis vaualbum ''Nymphalis vaualbum'' or ''N. l-album'', the Compton tortoiseshell, or false comma, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. An assertion that the name ''Nymphalis l-album'' is in fact the correct name over the widely used ''Nympha ...
'' ( enis & Schiffermüller 1775) *Comma, '' Polygonia c-album'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Southern comma, ''
Polygonia egea ''Polygonia egea'', the southern comma, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Europe. The butterfly flies from March to September depending on the location. The larvae feed on ''Parietaria officinalis ''Parietari ...
'' (Cramer 1775) *Red admiral, '' Vanessa atalanta'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Canary red admiral, ''
Vanessa vulcania ''Vanessa vulcania'', the Canary red admiral, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found on the Canary Islands (except Lanzarote) and Madeira. Previously, it was considered a subspecies of ''Vanessa indica'', but has been raised to spe ...
'' Godart, 1819 *Painted lady, '' Vanessa cardui'' (Linnaeus 1758) *American painted lady, ''
Vanessa virginiensis The American painted lady or American lady (''Vanessa virginiensis'')Melitaeini Melitaeini are a group of brush-footed butterflies. Usually classified as a tribe of the Nymphalinae, they are sometimes raised to subfamily status as Melitaeinae. Common names include the highly ambiguous fritillaries (also used for some Helic ...
*Scarce fritillary, '' Euphydryas maturna'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Asian fritillary, '' Euphydryas intermedia'' (Ménétriés, 1859) *'' Euphydryas italica'' Back, Haussmann, Salk & Weiss, 2015 *Cynthia's fritillary, ''
Euphydryas cynthia ''Euphydryas cynthia'', or Cynthia's fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps and in mountainous areas of Bulgaria in alpine meadows from 400 to 2,300 meters. Description The wingspan is 32–42 m ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller 1775) *Lapland fritillary, '' Euphydryas iduna'' (Dalman, 1816) *Marsh fritillary, ''
Euphydryas aurinia The marsh fritillary (''Euphydryas aurinia'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Commonly distributed in the Palearctic region, the marsh fritillary's common name derives from one of its several habitats, marshland. The prolonged larval s ...
'' (Rottemburg, 1775) *Spanish marsh fritillary, '' Euphydryas beckeri'' (Lederer, 1853) *Spanish fritillary, '' Euphydryas desfontainii'' (Godart, 1819) *'' Euphydryas orientalis'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) *Spotted fritillary, ''
Melitaea didyma ''Melitaea didyma'', the spotted fritillary or red-band fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Description ''Melitaea didyma'' is a medium-sized butterfly with a wingspan reaching . The overside of the wings is a bright orange ...
'' (Esper, 1778) *Freyer's fritillary, '' Melitaea arduinna'' (Esper,
783 __NOTOC__ Year 783 ( DCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 783 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in ...
 *Lesser spotted fritillary, '' Melitaea trivia'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Aetherie fritillary, '' Melitaea aetherie'' (Hübner 1826) *Knapweed fritillary, ''
Melitaea phoebe ''Melitaea phoebe'', the knapweed fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm, except the northernmost locations. It used to include '' Melitaea telona'', recently revalidated as a distinct cryptic ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Jerusalem fritillary, ''
Melitaea telona ''Melitaea ornata'', the eastern knapweed fritillary, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. The species rank of ''Melitaea ornata'' (type locality Guberlya, Russia) was only very recently recognised by two research groups independently (Russ ...
'' (Fruhstorfer, 1908) *Little fritillary, ''
Melitaea asteria ''Melitaea asteria'', the little fritillary, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.Melitaea athalia The heath fritillary (''Melitaea athalia'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found throughout the Palaearctic from western Europe to Japan, in heathland, grassland, and in coppiced woodland. Its association with coppiced woodland ...
'' (Rottemburg, 1775) *Nickerl's fritillary, '' Melitaea aurelia'' Nickerl, 1850 *Assman's fritillary, '' Melitaea britomartis'' (Assmann, 1847) *Provençal fritillary, '' Melitaea deione'' (Geyer, 1832) *''
Melitaea nevadensis ''Melitaea nevadensis'' is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Taxonomy The name ''nevadensis'' originally referred to a subspecies of ''Melitaea deione'', and later of ''Melitaea athalia'', found in the Spanish Sierra Nevada (Spai ...
'' Oberthür, 1904 *Glanville fritillary, '' Melitaea cinxia'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *False heath fritillary, ''
Melitaea diamina ''Melitaea diamina'', the false heath fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''Melitaea diamina alpestris'' Fruhstorfer, 1917 * ''Melitaea diamina badukensis'' Alberti, 1969 (Caucasus) * ''Melita ...
'' (Lang, 1789) *Meadow fritillary, '' Melitaea parthenoides'' Keferstein, 1851 *Grisons fritillary, ''
Melitaea varia ''Melitaea varia'', the Grisons fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps at heights of , especially in the Swiss cantons Valais, Engadin and Graubünden. It is also found in the Ortler region in South Tyrol ...
'' Meyer-Dur, 1851 *Sicilian fritillary, '' Melitaea ornata'' Christoph, 1893


Subfamily Heliconiinae

*Silver-washed fritillary, ''
Argynnis paphia The silver-washed fritillary (''Argynnis paphia'') is a common and variable butterfly found over much of the Palearctic realm – Algeria, Europe, temperate Asia, and Japan. Description The silver-washed fritillary butterfly is deep orange with ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Pallas' fritillary, ''
Argynnis laodice ''Argynnis laodice'', Pallas' fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It occurs in damp forested places in southern Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, northwestern Kazakhstan, and across the Palearctic to Siberia , Amur, Korea a ...
'' (Pallas, 1771) *Cardinal, ''
Argynnis pandora ''Argynnis pandora'', the cardinal, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is common throughout southern Europe and is also found in northern Africa and the Middle east and then east across the Palearctic to northwestern India. Descript ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller 1775) *Mountain fritillary, ''
Boloria alaskensis ''Boloria alaskensis'', the mountain fritillary or Alaskan fritillary, is a species of fritillary butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Jacob Holland in 1900 and is found in North America and North European Russia. The ...
'' (Holland, 1900) North Russia *Cranberry fritillary, ''
Boloria aquilonaris ''Boloria aquilonaris'', the cranberry fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Europe.Boloria graeca The Balkan fritillary (''Boloria graeca''), is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps and the Balkans. The larva feeds on ''Viola'' species. The orange upperside has a brown basal suffusion adorned with various marks of ...
'' (Staudinger, 1870) *Mountain fritillary, ''
Boloria napaea ''Boloria napaea'', the Napaea fritillary or mountain fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Distribution In Europe the species is found in the Alps, mountainous areas in northern Scandinavia and very local in the eastern part ...
'' (Hoffmannsegg, 1804) *Shepherd's fritillary, ''
Boloria pales ''Boloria pales'', the shepherd's fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Brush-footed butterfly, Nymphalidae. It is found from the Cantabrian Mountains and the Pyrenees through the Alps and Apennine Mountains east to the Balkan, Carpathian Moun ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Erschoff's fritillary, ''
Boloria angarensis ''Boloria angarensis '' is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, an ...
'' (Erschoff, 1870) North and East Russia *Arctic fritillary, ''
Boloria chariclea ''Boloria chariclea'', the Arctic fritillary or purplish fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the northern parts of the Palearctic and Nearctic realms. Description The uppersides of the wings are orange brown w ...
'' Schneider, 1794 *Violet fritillary, ''
Boloria dia ''Boloria dia'', the Weaver's fritillary or violet fritillary, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. The name Weaver's fritillary is in honor of Richard Weaver (entomologist), Richard Weaver, an English insect collector who claimed to have o ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1767) *Pearl-bordered fritillary, ''
Boloria euphrosyne The pearl-bordered fritillary (''Boloria euphrosyne'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae found in Europe and through Russia across the Palearctic to the north of Kazakhstan. Description The adult butterfly is orange with black spots o ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Freija fritillary, ''
Boloria freija ''Boloria freija'', the Freija fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae with a circumboreal distribution. It occurs in bogs and tundra. Its range includes Northern Europe to the north of 60° N, occasionally more southern location ...
'' (Becklin in Thunberg, 1791) *Frigga fritillary, ''
Boloria frigga ''Boloria frigga'', the Frigga fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae with a circumboreal distribution. It occurs in bogs and tundra in Northern Europe to the north of 60° N, very locally in more southern locations, as well as ...
'' Becklin in Thunberg, 1791 *Dingy fritillary, ''
Boloria improba ''Boloria improba'', the dingy fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. In Europe it is only found in small parts of Scandinavia, more specifically the border region between Norway, Sweden and Finland. The species is also present i ...
'' Butler, 1877 *''
Boloria oscarus ''Boloria oscarus '' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. Subspecies *''C. o. oscarus'' South Siberia, East Amur *''C. o. australis'' (Graeser, 1888) South Amur, Ussuri, Sakhalin *''C. o. oscaro ...
'' (Eversmann, 1844) Russia (Urals) *Polaris fritillary, ''
Boloria polaris ''Boloria polaris'', the Polaris fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northernmost Scandinavia, North America (in northeastern Alaska and northern Canada) and in Greenland. It is also found in northeastern Russia a ...
'' Boisduval, 1828 *Small pearl-bordered fritillary, ''
Boloria selene ''Boloria selene'', known in Europe as the small pearl-bordered fritillary and in North America as the silver-bordered fritillary, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found across Europe, Asia and North America, and feeds ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *''
Boloria selenis ''Boloria selenis'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from the Volga basin to Japan. Description The wingspan is 35–48 mm. Seitz ''A. selenis'' Ev. (67g). Above deeper brown than the preceding 'hegemone'' ...
'' (Eversmann, 1837) Russia *Thor's fritillary, ''
Boloria thore ''Boloria thore'', the Thor's fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It occurs in damp places in the Alps, Fennoscandia, the south of European Russia, the Urals and east across the Palearctic to Siberia and Japan.Львовски ...
'' (Hübner, 1803) *Purple bog fritillary, ''
Boloria titania ''Boloria titania'', the Titania's fritillary or purple bog fritillary, is a butterfly of the subfamily Heliconiinae of the family Nymphalidae. Description The adult is a small fritillary with typically chequered orange-brown upperside and a m ...
'' (Esper, 1793) *''
Boloria tritonia ''Boloria tritonia'' is a species of butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belongin ...
'' (Böber, 1812) North Russia *Ocellate bog fritillary, ''
Boloria eunomia ''Boloria eunomia'', the bog fritillary or ocellate bog fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Description The length of the forewings is 20–24 mm. The wings are orange brown with dark markings. The color of the hindwings ...
'' (Esper, 1799) *Marbled fritillary, ''
Brenthis daphne ''Brenthis daphne'', the marbled fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''B. d. daphne'' (Europe) * ''B. d. fumidia'' (Butler, 1882) (Korea) * ''B. d. rabdia'' Butler, 1877 (Japan) * ''B. d. ochr ...
'' (Bergstrasser, 1780) *Twin-spot fritillary, ''
Brenthis hecate The twin-spot fritillary (''Brenthis hecate'') is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Description ''Brenthis hecate'' is a large fritillary with a wingspan reaching and bright orange uppersides of the wings. The underside of the hindwings s ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Lesser marbled fritillary, ''
Brenthis ino ''Brenthis ino'', the lesser marbled fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies * ''B. i. ino'' in Europe * ''B. i. achasis'' (Fruhstorfer, 1907) * ''B. i. acrita'' (Fruhstorfer, 1907) * ''B. i. adalberti'' (Fruhstorfer, 19 ...
'' (Rottemburg, 1775) *High brown fritillary, ''
Fabriciana adippe ''Fabriciana adippe'', the high brown fritillary, is a large and brightly colored butterfly of the family Nymphalidae, native to Europe and across the Palearctic to Japan. It is known for being Great Britain's most threatened butterfly and is l ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller 1775) *Corsican fritillary, ''
Fabriciana elisa ''Fabriciana elisa'', the Corsican fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Corsica and Sardinia. This is a mountain butterfly, found on grassy vegetation in clearings in deciduous woods. Description in Seitz The wi ...
'' (Godart,
824 __NOTOC__ Year 824 ( DCCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * November 11 – The '' Constitutio Romana'' establishes the authority of the ...
 *Niobe fritillary, ''
Fabriciana niobe The Niobe fritillary (''Fabriciana niobe'') is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Etymology The Latin species name ''niobe'' refers to Niobe, daughter of Tantalus in Greek mythology. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''F. n. niob ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Queen of Spain, ''
Issoria lathonia The Queen of Spain fritillary (''Issoria lathonia'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: In the dry regions ''Issoria lathonia'' carries out a seasonal vertical migration between hardy evergreen shrubs and ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *''
Issoria eugenia ''Issoria eugenia'' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the family Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belongi ...
'' (Eversmann, 1847) North European Russia *Dark green fritillary, ''
Speyeria aglaja The dark green fritillary (''Speyeria aglaja'') is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. The insect has a wide range in the Palearctic realm - Europe, Morocco, Iran, Siberia, Central Asia, China, Korea, and Japan. Description in Seit ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758)


Subfamily Charaxinae

*Two-tailed pasha, ''
Charaxes jasius ''Charaxes jasius'', the two-tailed pasha, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is the only European species of the genus ''Charaxes''. Divergence of the Mediterranean species ''C. jasius'' from the last common ancestor it shared with its ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1767)


Subfamily Danainae

*Plain tiger, '' Danaus chrysippus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Monarch, '' Danaus plexippus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)


Subfamily Apaturinae

*Lesser purple emperor, '' Apatura ilia'' (Denis & Schiffermüller 1775) *Purple emperor, ''
Apatura iris ''Apatura iris'', the purple emperor, is a Palearctic butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Description Adults have dark brown wings with white bands and spots, and a small orange ring on each of the hindwings. Males have a wingspan of , and ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Freyer's purple emperor, ''
Apatura metis ''Apatura metis'', the Freyer's purple emperor, is a species of butterfly found in Eurasia.
'' Freyer, 1829


Subfamily

Libytheinae The Libytheinae are a nymphalid subfamily known as snout butterflies, containing two valid genera and about ten species: six in '' Libythea'' and four in ''Libytheana''. The common name refers to the thick labial palps (pedipalps) that look like ...

*Nettle-tree butterfly, ''
Libythea celtis ''Libythea celtis'', the European beak or nettle-tree butterfly, is a butterfly of the Libytheinae group of the Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies family. Description The upperside ground colour is rich silky brown. The forewing has the c ...
'' (Laicharting, 1782)


Subfamily Limenitidinae

*White admiral, '' Limenitis camilla'' (Linnaeus, 1764) *Poplar admiral, ''
Limenitis populi The poplar admiral (''Limenitis populi'') is a butterfly in the subfamily Limenitinae of the family Nymphalidae. Habitat Poplar admiral is widespread in continental Europe and across the Palearctic to Japan. The large, seldom-seen poplar admir ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Southern white admiral, ''
Limenitis reducta Limenitis reducta, the southern white admiral, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies * ''Limenitis reducta reducta'' Staudinger, 1901 * ''Limenitis reducta herculeana'' Stichel, 1909 Distribution and habitat This species can be f ...
'' Staudinger, 1901 *Hungarian glider, ''
Neptis rivularis ''Neptis rivularis'', the Hungarian glider, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
'' (Scopoli 1763) *Pallas' sailer, '' Neptis sappho'' (Pallas 1771)


Subfamily

Satyrinae The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known divers ...

*Speckled wood, '' Pararge aegeria'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Madeiran speckled wood, ''
Pararge xiphia ''Pararge xiphia'', the Madeiran speckled wood, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found on the island of Madeira. It is considered as endangered due to competition from a related butterfly ''Pararge aegeria''. The wingspan is . A ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775) *Canary speckled wood, ''
Pararge xiphioides ''Pararge xiphioides'', the Canary speckled wood, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Canary Islands on La Gomera, La Palma, Tenerife and Gran Canaria. The wingspan is . Adults are on wing year-round. The larvae feed o ...
'' Staudinger, 1871 *Wall, '' Lasiommata megera'' (Linnaeus, 1767) *Large wall, ''
Lasiommata maera ''Lasiommata maera'', the large wall brown, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies * ''Lasiommata maera maera'' * ''Lasiommata maera abastumana'' (Sheljuzhko, 1937) (Caucasus) * ''Lasiommata maera adrasta'' (Hübner, 823-1824 (fro ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Northern wall brown, '' Lasiommata petropolitana'' (Fabricius, 1787) *Corsican wall brown, '' Lasiommata paramegaera'' (Hübner, 1824) *Woodland brown, ''
Lopinga achine ''Lopinga achine'', the woodland brown, is a Palearctic butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Description in Seitz P. ''achine'' Scop. (= ''dejanira'' L.) (45 g). Dark brown: forewing with 5—6 eye-rings forming a chain, hindwing with 2—4 su ...
'' (Scopoli, 1763) *''
Lopinga deidamia ''Lopinga deidamia'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from the Urals to southern Siberia, China, Mongolia, Korea and Japan. Description The wingspan is 45–55 mm. Seitz describes it thus-''P. deidamia ...
'' (Eversmann, 1851) *Iranian argus, ''
Kirinia climene ''Kirinia climene'', the Iranian Argus, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Eugenius Johann Christoph Esper in 1783. It is distributed in Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Turkey, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Syria, ...
'' (Esper,
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 *Lattice brown, ''
Kirinia roxelana ''Kirinia roxelana'', the lattice brown, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southeastern Europe and the Near East. The butterfly is on wing between May and July. The larvae feed on various grasses. Description The lengt ...
'' (Cramer, 1777) *Stoll's heath, '' Coenonympha amaryllis'' (Stoll, 1782) South European Russia *Large heath, ''
Coenonympha tullia ''Coenonympha tullia'', the large heath or common ringlet, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It flies in a variety of grassy habitats, including roadsides, woodland edges and clearings, prairies, bogs, and arctic and alpine taiga and tun ...
'' (Muller, 1764) *False ringlet, ''
Coenonympha oedippus ''Coenonympha oedippus'', the false ringlet, is a species of butterfly in the subfamily Satyrinae. It is found in Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, S ...
'' (Fabricius, 1787) *Pearly heath, ''
Coenonympha arcania ''Coenonympha arcania'', the pearly heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Distribution It can be found in Central Europe. Description It resembles ''Coenonympha hero''. Seitz describes it thus ''C. arcania'' L ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1761) *Corsican heath, ''
Coenonympha corinna ''Coenonympha corinna'', the Corsican heath, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae It is found on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is a ...
'' (Hübner, 1804) *Dusky heath, '' Coenonympha dorus'' (Esper, 1782) *Alpine heath, ''
Coenonympha gardetta ''Coenonympha gardetta'', the Alpine heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be in alpine meadows on heights of 800 to 2,900 from the Massif Central to Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also ...
'' (de Prunner, 1798) *Chestnut heath, ''
Coenonympha glycerion ''Coenonympha glycerion'', the chestnut heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found in Eastern Europe and east across the Palearctic to Siberia and the Caucasus to North Korea. Description in Seitz C. ''ip ...
'' (Borkhausen, 1788) *Scarce heath, ''
Coenonympha hero ''Coenonympha hero'', the scarce heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Distribution It can be found in Central Europe, Northern Europe and the North Palearctic (Urals East to Mongolia, Korea and Japan). Descript ...
'' Linnaeus, 1761 *Russian heath, ''
Coenonympha leander ''Coenonympha leander'', the Russian heath, is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern Greece, Hungary, Bulgaria, southern Russia, Asia Minor, Armenia and Iran. The habitat consists of warm grassy areas. The win ...
'' (Esper, 1784) *Small heath, ''
Coenonympha pamphilus The small heath (''Coenonympha pamphilus'') is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae, classified within the subfamily Satyrinae (commonly known as "the browns"). It is the smallest butterfly in this subfamily. The small heath ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Eastern large heath, '' Coenonympha rhodopensis'' Elwes, 1900 *Cretan small heath, ''
Coenonympha thyrsis ''Coenonympha thyrsis'' is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. It is endemic to Crete. Description from Seitz C. thyrsis Fn-. (48 e). Nearest to the preceding 'C. vaucheri'', but the apical ocellus ...
'' Freyer, 1845 *Balkan heath, '' Coenonympha orientalis'' (Rebel, 1910) *Siberian heath, '' Coenonympha phryne'' (Pallas, 1771) Central and South European Russia *False Mnestra ringlet, '' Erebia aethiopellus'' (Hoffmannsegg, 1806) *Scotch argus, ''
Erebia aethiops The Scotch argus (''Erebia aethiops'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. In spite of its English name ''argus'', it is not a close relation of the brown argus nor the northern brown argus. Taxonomy Subspecies include: In Europe and Rus ...
'' (Esper, 1777) *Almond-eyed ringlet, '' Erebia alberganus'' (de Prunner, 1798) *Lorkovic's brassy ringlet, ''
Erebia calcaria ''Erebia calcaria'', or Lorkovic's brassy ringlet, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps. The species inhabits southern exposed slopes with alpine grassland interspersed with rocks. Screes without vegetation or only a ...
'' Lorkovic, 1953 *Common brassy ringlet, ''
Erebia cassioides ''Erebia cassioides'', the common brassy ringlet, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: *''Erebia cassioides cassioides'' – common brassy ringlet *''Erebia cassioides arvernensis'' Ob ...
cassioides'' (Reiner & Hochenwarth, 1792) *Raetzer's ringlet, '' Erebia christi'' Ratzer, 1890 *White speck ringlet, ''
Erebia claudina The white speck ringlet (''Erebia claudina'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high-altitude butterfly found only in the Austrian Alps. The wingspan is 26–32 mm. Description in Seitz ''E. arete'' F. ...
'' (Borkhausen, 1789) Austria *''
Erebia cyclopius ''Erebia cyclopius'' is a species of butterfly of the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from the Ural to Siberia, northern Mongolia, northern China and North Korea. The habitat consists of forest edges, flowery meadows ...
'' (Eversmann, 1844) North and East European Russia *''
Erebia dabanensis ''Erebia dabanensis'' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. Subspecies *''E. d. dabanensis'' East Sayan, SouthTransbaikalia *''E. d. olshvangi'' Gorbunov, 1995 Polar Urals *''E. d. troubridge ...
'' Erschoff, 1871 North European Russia *Arctic ringlet, ''
Erebia disa The Arctic ringlet or Disa alpine (''Erebia disa'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is associated with wet muskeg and bogs in subarctic and Arctic climates, and is often found near the tree-line. The larva overw ...
'' (Thunberg, 1791) *Red-disked alpine, ''
Erebia discoidalis ''Erebia discoidalis'', the red-disked alpine, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is found in North America from eastern Quebec, through northern Ontario (south to Sudbury), and the northern Prairies to northern Bri ...
'' (Kirby, 1837) North European Russia *''
Erebia edda ''Erebia edda'' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic (Urals, Altai, Tuva, Siberia, Yakutia, Ussuri, Chukot Peninsula, Mongolia, Korea) that belongs to the browns family. Description from Seitz ''E. edda'' Men. (= ''intermedia'' ...
'' Ménétriés, 1851 North European Russia *Lapland ringlet, ''
Erebia embla The Lapland ringlet (''Erebia embla'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is restricted to sunny patches in very damp spruce and pine forests and forested unmanaged peatlands (and sometimes moors). The larva fe ...
'' (Becklin, 1791) *Small mountain ringlet, ''
Erebia epiphron The small mountain ringlet or mountain ringlet (''Erebia epiphron'') is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in mountainous regions of southern and central Europe. Distribution Mountain areas of Albania, Andorra, Austria, Great ...
'' (Knoch, 1783) *Spring ringlet, '' Erebia epistygne'' (Hübner, 1824) *Eriphyle ringlet, ''
Erebia eriphyle The Eriphyle ringlet (''Erebia eriphyle'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high mountain butterfly found in the Alps The Alps () ; german: Alpen ; it, Alpi ; rm, Alps ; sl, Alpe . are the highest ...
'' (Freyer, 1836) *Large ringlet, ''
Erebia euryale ''Erebia euryale'', the large ringlet, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include:Erebia fasciata ''Erebia fasciata'', the banded alpine, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is found from central Siberia, through Alaska, Yukon, and mainland Northwest Territories and Nunavut to Hudson Bay. It also occurs on Bank ...
'' Butler, 1868 *Yellow-banded ringlet, ''
Erebia flavofasciata The yellow-banded ringlet (''Erebia flavofasciata'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high mountain butterfly found in a small area of the Alps in Switzerland and Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), offic ...
'' Heyne, 1895 *Silky ringlet, '' Erebia gorge'' (Hübner 1804) *Lefèbvre's ringlet, ''
Erebia lefebvrei ''Erebia lefebvrei'', or Lefèbvre's ringlet, is a member of the subfamily Satyridae of the family Nymphalidae. This brown is found in France.828 __NOTOC__ Year 828 ( DCCCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Siege of Syracuse: The Muslims under Asad ibn al-Furat defeat a ...
*Arran brown, ''
Erebia ligea ''Erebia ligea'', the Arran brown, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. This brown is widespread in south-eastern and northern Europe. It prefers mixed woodlands at low altitudes. It is rarely seen in open areas. Th ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Yellow-spotted ringlet, ''
Erebia manto The yellow-spotted ringlet (''Erebia manto'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is associated with (sub)alpine meadows at 900–2,500 m above sea level. It is found in the Alps, the Pyrenees, the Cantabrian ...
'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Woodland ringlet, ''
Erebia medusa ''Erebia medusa'', the woodland ringlet, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include:Erebia melampus'' (Fuessly 1775) *Black ringlet, ''
Erebia melas The black ringlet (''Erebia melas'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high-altitude butterfly found in Albania, former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Romania. Description in Seitz ''E. melas'' Hbst. (= ...
'' (Herbst 1796) *Piedmont ringlet, ''
Erebia meolans The Piedmont ringlet (''Erebia meolans'') is a member of the family Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilio ...
'' (Prunner, 1798) *Mnestra's ringlet, '' Erebia mnestra'' (Hübner 1804) *Marbled ringlet, '' Erebia montanus'' (de Prunner, 1798) *Autumn ringlet, ''
Erebia neoridas The autumn ringlet (''Erebia neoridas'') is a member of the Satyridae subfamily of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high-mountain butterfly found in the Pyrenees, Alps and in Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) o ...
'' (Boisduval, 1828) *de Lesse's brassy ringlet, '' Erebia nivalis'' Lorkovic & De Lesse, 1954 *Bright eyed ringlet, ''
Erebia oeme The bright eyed ringlet (''Erebia oeme'') is a member of the Satyridae subfamily of Nymphalidae. It is a high mountain butterfly found in the Pyrenees, Massif Central, Alps and Balkan mountains. It has recently been confirmed to occur in the sout ...
'' (Hübner, 1804) *Ottoman brassy ringlet, ''
Erebia ottomana ''Erebia ottomana'' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic (Greece, Bulgaria, Balkans, Alps, Asia Minor) that belongs to the browns family. Description from Seitz ''Erebia ottomana'' H.-Schaff. (37 i) is the largest of all the '' ...
'' Herrich-Schäffer, 1847 *Dewy ringlet, ''
Erebia pandrose ''Erebia pandrose'', the dewy ringlet, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae . It is found from the Arctic areas of northern Europe, the Pyrenees, Alps, the Apennine Mountains, the Carpathian Mountains, Kola Peninsula ...
'' (Borkhausen, 1788) *Blind ringlet, '' Erebia pharte'' (Hübner, 1804) *Sooty ringlet, ''
Erebia pluto The sooty ringlet (''Erebia pluto'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high-altitude butterfly found in the Alps and Apennine Mountains on heights between 1,900 and 3,000 meters in Austria, Germany, France, Swi ...
'' (de Prunner, 1798) *Water ringlet, ''
Erebia pronoe The water ringlet (''Erebia pronoe'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high altitude (mainly between 900 and 2,800 meters) butterfly found in the Alps, Bavaria, Styria, Pyrenees, Carpathians and Bulgaria. ...
'' (Esper, 1780) *Larche ringlet, ''
Erebia scipio The Larche ringlet (''Erebia scipio'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high-mountain butterfly found in the Alps of France and Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the ...
'' Boisduval, 1832 *False dewy ringlet, '' Erebia sthennyo'' Graslin, 1850 *Styrian ringlet, '' Erebia stirius'' (Godart, 1824) *Stygian ringlet, ''
Erebia styx The Stygian ringlet (''Erebia styx'') is a butterfly belonging to the subfamily Satyrinae, the "browns", within the family Nymphalidae. It is found locally in the Alps on dry limestone slopes. It is very similar to the Styrian ringlet (''E. sti ...
'' (Freyer, 1834) *de Prunner's ringlet, ''
Erebia triarius The de Prunner's ringlet (''Erebia triarius'') is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a mountain butterfly found in Albania, Andorra, Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Yugoslavia. Descri ...
'' (de Prunner, 1798) *Swiss brassy ringlet, ''
Erebia tyndarus ''Erebia tyndarus'', the Swiss brassy ringlet, is a European brush-footed butterfly species of the subfamily Satyrinae. Systematics, taxonomy and evolution The Swiss brassy ringlet belongs to the brassy ringlet group of its genus ''Erebia''. T ...
'' (Esper, 1781) *Dalmatian ringlet, '' Proterebia afra'' (Fabricius, 1787) European Russia, Croatia, Greece *Ringlet, ''
Aphantopus hyperantus The ringlet (''Aphantopus hyperantus'') is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is only one of the numerous "ringlet" butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. Range The ringlet is a widely distributed species found throughout much of the Pale ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Southern gatekeeper, ''
Pyronia cecilia ''Pyronia cecilia'', the southern gatekeeper, is a butterfly of Southern Europe and North Africa. It is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae."''Pyronia'' Hübner,
'' (Vallantin, 1894) *Gatekeeper, ''Pyronia tithonus">819]"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Othe ...
'' (Vallantin, 1894) *Gatekeeper, ''Pyronia tithonus'' (Linnaeus, 1767) *Spanish gatekeeper, ''Pyronia bathseba'' (Fabricius, 1793) *Oriental meadow brown, ''Hyponephele lupinus'' (O. Costa 1836) *Dusky meadow brown, ''Hyponephele lycaon'' (Rottemburg 1775) *Koçak's meadow brown, '' Hyponephele huebneri'' Koçak, 1980 South European Russia *Aegean meadow brown, ''
Maniola chia ''Maniola chia'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
'' Thomson, 1987 *Meadow brown, ''
Maniola jurtina The meadow brown (''Maniola jurtina'') is a butterfly found in the Palearctic realm. Its range includes Europe south of 62°N, Russia eastwards to the Urals, Asia Minor, Iraq, Iran, North Africa and the Canary Islands. The larvae feed on grasse ...
'' (Linnaeus 1758) *Halicarnas brown, ''
Maniola halicarnassus ''Maniola'' is a genus of butterflies within the family Nymphalidae.
'' Thomson, 1990 Nisyros Island, Greece *Cyprus meadow brown, ''
Maniola cypricola ''Maniola'' is a genus of butterflies within the family Nymphalidae.
'' Thomson, 1990 Cyprus *Turkish meadow brown, ''
Maniola megala ''Maniola'' is a genus of butterflies within the family Nymphalidae.
'' (Oberthür, 1909) Greece *Sardinian meadow brown, ''
Maniola nurag The Sardinian meadow brown (''Maniola nurag'') is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is a small butterfly with orange and brown colouring. The butterfly is only found in Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, ...
'' Ghiliani, 1852 Sardinia *Dodecanese meadow brown, ''
Maniola telmessia ''Maniola telmessia'', the Turkish meadow brown, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found on several Greek islands in the Aegean Sea and from there through Asia Minor to south-western Iran. It is described as a common species in Isra ...
'' (Zeller, 1847) Dodecanese and North Aegean *Marbled white, '' Melanargia galathea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Western marbled white, ''
Melanargia occitanica ''Melanargia occitanica'', the western marbled white, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found in North Africa and south western Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent i ...
'' (Esper, 1793) *Esper's marbled white, ''
Melanargia russiae ''Melanargia russiae'', or Esper's marbled white, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Spain, Portugal, south-eastern France, Italy, the Balkans, southern Russia, the Caucasus and western Siberia. The male has a wingspan of ...
'' (Esper, 1783) *Italian marbled white, ''
Melanargia arge ''Melanargia arge'', the Italian marbled white, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. ''M. arge'' Sulz. (= ''amphitrite'' Hbn.) (39 f). Above white, only the submarginal lunate line, the two short bands in the centre and at the apex of the ...
'' (Sulzer, 1776) *Spanish marbled white, ''
Melanargia ines ''Melanargia ines'', the Spanish marbled white, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found on the Iberian Peninsula and western North Africa. The length of the forewings is 23–25 mm. Seitz- ''M. ines'' Ho ...
'' (Hoffmannsegg, 1804) *Iberian marbled white, ''
Melanargia lachesis ''Melanargia lachesis'', the Iberian marbled white, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Distribution It can be found on the Iberian Peninsula and the south of France. Description The length of the forewings is 25 ...
'' (Hübner, 1790) *Balkan marbled white, ''
Melanargia larissa ''Melanargia larissa'', the Balkan marbled white, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from south-eastern Europe (Croatia, Serbia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece) and Asia Minor to Transcaucasia and north-western Iran. The habitat con ...
'' (Geyer, 1828) *Sicilian marbled white, '' Melanargia pherusa'' (Boisduval, 1833) Sicily *Black satyr, ''
Satyrus actaea ''Satyrus actaea'', the black satyr, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in South-Western Europe, Asia Minor, Syria, Iran and Baluchistan (Pakistan), Baluchistan (SW Pakistan). The length of the forewings is 24 to 28 mm. U ...
'' (Esper, 1781) *Great sooty satyr, ''
Satyrus ferula ''Satyrus ferula'', the great sooty satyr, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Description The length of the forewings is 25 to 30 mm. This species shows an evident sexual dimorphism and the males are much more close to each other in ...
'' (Fabricius, 1793) *Russian grayling, ''
Hipparchia autonoe Hipparchia may refer to: * Hipparchia of Maroneia, an ancient Greek philosopher c. 325 BC * ''Hipparchia'' (genus), a butterfly genus {{disambig ...
'' (Esper, 1784) *Woodland grayling, '' Hipparchia fagi'' (Scopoli 1763) *Rock grayling, ''
Hipparchia hermione ''Hipparchia hermione'', the rock grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.''Hipparchia h ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1764) *'' Hipparchia neomiris'' (Godart, 1822) *Eastern rock grayling, '' Hipparchia syriaca'' (Staudinger, 1871) *Freyer's grayling, ''
Hipparchia fatua ''Hipparchia fatua'', or Freyer's grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The species can be found from the Balkans, through Anatolia up to Iran. The wingspan is . Description in Seitz ''S. fatua'' Frr. (= ''allionii'' Hbn). ...
'' Freyer, 1844 *Tree grayling, ''
Hipparchia statilinus ''Hipparchia statilinus'', the tree grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include: *''Hipparchia statilinus statilinus'' (Hufnagel, 1766) *''Hipparchia statilinus sylvicola'' (Austaut, 1880) (Morocco, Algeria ...
'' (Hufnagel, 1766) *Southern grayling, '' Hipparchia aristaeus'' (Bonelli, 1826) *Azores grayling, ''
Hipparchia azorina ''Hipparchia azorina'', the Azores grayling, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is endemic to the Azores. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and temperate grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss. Description ...
'' (Strecker, 1899) *Sicilian grayling, ''
Hipparchia blachieri ''Hipparchia blachieri'' is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Hans Fruhstorfer in 1908. It is endemic to Sicily and Malta. The wingspan is 58–65 mm. Taxonomy The species is often treated as a subspecies of ...
'' (Frühstorfer, 1908) *Karpathos grayling, '' Hipparchia christenseni'' Kudrna, 1977 Karpathos, Greece *Cretan grayling, '' Hipparchia cretica'' (Rebel, 1916) Crete *Cyprus grayling, '' Hipparchia cypriensis'' (Holik, 1949) Cyprus *Eolian grayling, '' Hipparchia leighebi'' Kudrna, 1976 Eolian Islands of Italy (Volcano and Panarea) *Madeiran grayling, '' Hipparchia maderensis'' (Bethune-Baker, 1891) *Samos grayling, '' Hipparchia mersina'' (Staudinger, 1871) Lesbos and Samos, Greece *Le Cerf's grayling, '' Hipparchia miguelensis'' (Le Cerf, 1935) Sao Miguel, Azores *'' Hipparchia neapolitana'' (Stauder, 1921) *Anatolian grayling, '' Hipparchia pellucida'' (Stauder, 1924) Vóreion Aiyáion, North Aegean *'' Hipparchia sbordonii'' Kudrna, 1984 *Grayling, ''
Hipparchia semele The grayling or rock grayling (''Hipparchia semele'') is a species in the brush-footed butterfly family Nymphalidae. Although found all over Europe, the grayling mostly inhabits coastal areas, with inland populations declining significantly in re ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *Balkan grayling, '' Hipparchia senthes'' (Fruhstorfer, 1908) Balkans *Delattin's grayling, '' Hipparchia volgensis'' (Mazochin-Porshnjakov, 1952) Southeast Europe *El Hierro grayling, ''
Hipparchia bacchus Hipparchia may refer to: * Hipparchia of Maroneia, an ancient Greek philosopher c. 325 BC * ''Hipparchia'' (genus), a butterfly genus {{disambig ...
'' Higgins, 1967 Canary Islands *Striped grayling, '' Hipparchia fidia'' (Linnaeus, 1767) *Gomera grayling, '' Hipparchia gomera'' Higgins, 1967 Canary Islands *Gran Canaria grayling, '' Hipparchia tamadabae'' Owen & Smith, 1992 Canary Islands *La Palma grayling, '' Hipparchia tilosi'' (Manil, 1984) Canary Islands *Canary grayling, '' Hipparchia wyssii'' (Christ, 1889) Canary IslandsRed List ''Hipparchia wyssii''
/ref> *Dryad, ''
Minois dryas ''Minois dryas'', the dryad, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. Subspecies Subspecies include:
'' (Scopoli, 1763) *False grayling, '' Arethusana arethusa'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) *Great banded grayling, ''
Brintesia circe ''Brintesia'' is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae and subfamily Satyrinae. Its one species is ''Brintesia circe'', the great banded grayling. Description ''Brintesia circe'' reaches on average wingspan of . Its wings are ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775) *Arctic grayling, ''
Oeneis bore ''Oeneis bore'', the white-veined Arctic or Arctic grayling, is a butterfly, a species of Satyrinae that occurs in North America and Asia. Description The wingspan is 37 to 49 mm. The dorsal view is a dull greyish brown while the females ...
'' (Schneider, 1792) *Alpine grayling, ''
Oeneis glacialis ''Oeneis glacialis'', the Alpine Grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps at heights of 1400 to 2900 m above sea level. The wingspan is 50–56 mm. The butterflies are on wing from June to August depending on ...
'' (Moll, 1783) *Baltic grayling, ''
Oeneis jutta ''Oeneis jutta'', the Jutta Arctic or Baltic grayling, is a species of butterfly in the subfamily Satyrinae with a Circumboreal distribution. It occurs in bogs and tundra in the north of Europe, the Baltic states, the Urals, Siberia, northern Kaz ...
'' (Hübner, 806-1806 *Melissa Arctic, ''
Oeneis melissa ''Oeneis melissa'', the Melissa Arctic, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. The wingspan is 42–51 mm. The larvae feed on various sedges, including '' Carex bigelowii'' and '' Carex rupestris''. Subspecies *''Oeneis mel ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775) North European Russia *Graeser's grayling, ''
Oeneis magna ''Oeneis magna'' is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Ludwig Carl Friedrich Graeser in 1888. It is found from the Altai Mountains to southern Siberia and the Russian Far East, Mongolia, northern China and Korea. The hab ...
'' Graeser, 1888 North European Russia *Norse grayling, ''
Oeneis norna ''Oeneis norna'', the Norse grayling, is a species of butterfly in subfamily Satyrinae, that occurs throughout Scandinavia and the northern Palearctic. Description It is extremely variable and the smaller, lighter ''O. norna'' often resemble ...
'' (Thunberg, 1791) North European Russia, Scandinavia *Norique Alpin, ''
Oeneis polixenes ''Oeneis polixenes'', the Polixenes ArcticPolixenes Arctic
'' (Fabricius, 1775) North European Russia *'' Oeneis tarpeia'' (Pallas, 1771) Central and South European Russia *Hermit, '' Chazara briseis'' (Linnaeus 1764) *Dark rockbrown, ''
Chazara persephone ''Chazara persephone'', the dark rockbrown, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found from Crimea across the Caucasus and north of the Middle East to Iran; from the southern Urals across Kazakhstan to the ...
'' (Hübner, 805 *Southern hermit, ''
Chazara prieuri ''Chazara prieuri'', the southern hermit, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found in Morocco and Spain. The wingspan is 45–60 mm. The adult flies in July and August, depending on the location. In ...
'' (Pierret, 1837) *Brown's grayling '' Pseudochazara amymone'' Brown, 1976 *'' Pseudochazara anthelea'' (Hübner, 1824) *''
Pseudochazara beroe ''Pseudochazara beroe'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from western Turkey across southern Transcaucasia and the Elburz Mountains to Kopet-Dagh. Description in Seitz ''S. beroe'' Frr. (43 g). Recalling '' p ...
'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844) *Macedonian grayling, ''
Pseudochazara cingovskii ''Pseudochazara cingovskii'', the Macedonian grayling, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found only in the North Macedonian village of Pletvar Pletvar is a village in Municipality of Prilep, North Macedonia. The cri ...
'' Gross, 1973 *Crimean grayling, '' Pseudochazara euxina'' (Kuznetzov, 1909) *Grey Asian grayling, ''
Pseudochazara geyeri ''Pseudochazara geyeri'', the Grey Asian grayling is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is confined to Albania, Greece, North Macedonia, eastern Turkey and south-western Transcaucasia. Description in Seitz S. geyeri H.-S ...
'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1846) *''
Pseudochazara graeca ''Pseudochazara graeca'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. In Greece it is confined to Mount Parnassus, Mount Olympus, Dirfi, Mount D'rfis, Aroania (mountain), Mount Chelmos, Mount Panakhaikon, Mount Menalon, Mount Mainalo, Mou ...
'' (Staudinger, 1870) *''
Pseudochazara hippolyte ''Pseudochazara hippolyte'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is confined from the southern Urals across Kazakhstan and northern Tian-Shan to Transbaikalia, Mongolia and northern Tibet. *A similar species, formerly ...
'' (Esper, 1783) *Tawny rockbrown, ''
Pseudochazara mniszechii ''Pseudochazara mniszechii'', the tawny rockbrown, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is confined to Greece, Turkey, northern Iran, Balochistan, and the Caucasus. Flight period The species is univoltine and is on w ...
'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) *Dils' grayling, '' Pseudochazara orestes'' De Prins & van der Poorten, 1981 *Nevada grayling, ''
Pseudochazara williamsi ''Pseudochazara williamsi'' (Romei, 1927), the grayling, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is confined to the southern Spain (endemic). Flight period The species is univoltine and is on wing from mid-June to early Aug ...
'' (Romei, 1927) *''
Satyrus virbius Satyrus or Satyros may refer to: People * Satyrus, a 5th-century BC Greek political figure, instrumental in the downfall of Cleophon * Satyros I, also known as Satyrus, a ruler of Cimmerian Bosporus from 432 to 389 BC * Satyros, a 4th-century BC ...
'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844) South European Russia *''
Ypthima asterope ''Ypthima asterope'', the African ringlet or common three-ring, is a species of Satyrinae butterfly found in most dry areas of Africa and Asia. The wingspan is 30–34 mm in males and 32–38 mm in females. Adults are on wing year roun ...
'' (Klug, 1832) Cyprus, Dodecanese, North Aegean Islands


References

*Bozano, G.C. ''Guide to the Butterflies of the Palearctic Region''. Milan: Omnes Artes. incomplete (parts in progress) some parts available as e-books. *Higgins, L.G. & Riley, N.D. (1970). ''A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Britain and Europe''. Collins *Higgins, L.G., (1975). ''The Classification of European Butterflies''. London, Collins, 320 pp. *Kudrna O., Ed. ''Butterflies of Europe''. Aula Verlag, Wiesbaden 8 volumes *Tshikolovets, V.V. ''Butterflies of Europe and Mediterranean Area''. Tshikolovets, Kiev {{ISBN, 9788090490000


Further reading

* Seitz, A., 1912a-1927. ''Die Palaearktischen Tagfalter. Grossschmetterlinge Erde'' 1: 8-37
online in English


External links


Butterflies of the Caucasus region and south of RussiaEuroleps
Butterflies of the Palearctic
''Insecta.pro''
> Catalogue> Europe> 1000 per page
Seitz, A. ''Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde'' 13: Die Palaearktischen Tagfalter. PlatesSeitz, A. ''Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde'' 13: Die Palaearktischen Tagfalter. Text
(as search available pd
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fauna-eu[.]org
Fauna Europaea Excludes Russian Far East. Includes 1. North European Russia: Murmanskaya Oblast, Kareliya Respublika, Arkhangel'skaya Oblast, inland incl. Nenetskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug, excluding Nova Zemlya and Franz Josef Land which are treated separately), Komi Respublika, Vologodskaya Oblast 2. Northwest European Russia: Leningradskaya Oblast, Pskovskaya Oblast, Novgorodskaya Oblast 3. Central European Russia: Kostromskaya Oblast, Tverskaya Oblast, Yarovslavskaya Oblast, Ivanovskaya Oblast, Nizhegorodskaya Oblast, Vladimirskaya Oblast, Smolenskaya Oblast, Moskovskaya Oblast, Ryazanskaya Oblast, Mordoviya Respublika, Chuvashkaya Respublika, Ul'yanovskaya Oblast, Kaluzhskaya Oblast, Tul'skaya Oblast, Lipetskaya Oblast, Tambovskaya Oblast, Penzenskaya Oblast, Bryanskaya Oblast, Orlovskaya Oblast, Kurskaya Oblast, Voronezhskaya Oblast, Belgorodskaya Oblast 4. East European Russia: Kirovskaya Oblast, Permskaya Oblast (incl. Komi-Permyatskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug), Udmurtskaya Respublika, Bashkortostan Respublika, Mariy El Respublika, Tatarstan Respublika, Samarskaya Oblast, Orenburgskaya Oblast 5. South European Russia: Saratovskaya Oblast, Volgogradskaya Oblast, Astrakhanskaya Oblast, Rostovskaya Oblast, Kalmykiya Respublika 6. Kaliningradskaya Oblast (between Poland and Lithuania) 7. Novaya Zemlya 8. Franz Josef Land (excl. Ushakova I. and Vize I.)


See also

* List of butterflies of Europe (Lycaenidae) Europe, Nymphalidae