Leopold Heinrich Fischer (19 December 1817,

Fribourg-en-Brisgau Freiburg im Breisgau (; abbreviated as Freiburg i. Br. or Freiburg i. B.; Low Alemannic: ''Friburg im Brisgau''), commonly referred to as Freiburg, is an independent city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With a population of about 230,000 (as of ...

– 2 February 1886, Fribourg-en-Brisgau) was a German zoologist and mineralogist.

Biography

He was the son of Aloys Fischer. He studied medicine at Freiburg and Vienna, and afterwards, worked as a general practitioner in Freiburg-in-Brisgau. From 1845 he taught classes in zoology and mineralogy, and in 1854 was named an associate professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Freiburg, where in 1859 he attained a full professorship. From 1855 he served as director of the mineralogical-geognostic collection. He was one of the top specialists in the

classification Classification is a process related to categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated and understood. Classification is the grouping of related facts into classes. It may also refer to: Business, organizat ...

of insects of his time. After much research in geology, he devoted himself to the study of

prehistoric people Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use ...

and studied

stone tool A stone tool is, in the most general sense, any tool made either partially or entirely out of stone. Although stone tool-dependent societies and cultures still exist today, most stone tools are associated with prehistoric (particularly Stone Ag ...

s from an evolutionary point of view and also their geographical distribution. His collections are in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna. With

Alexander Ecker Johann Alexander Ecker (10 July 1816 – 20 May 1887) was a German anthropologist and anatomist, born in Freiburg im Breisgau. He was the son of Johann Matthias Alexander Ecker (1766–1829), a professor at the University of Freiburg. Biograp ...

, he was co-director of the Museum für Urgeschichte und Ethnographie (Museum of Prehistory and Ethnography) at Freiburg. Fischer was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1881.American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
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Published works

His most significant works are: * ''

Orthoptera Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grassho ...

Europaea'' (1853). * ''Clavis der Silicate'' (1864). * ''Chronologischer Überblick über die allmalige Einführung der Mikroskopie in das Studium der Mineralogie, Petrographie und Paläontologie'' (1868). * ''Kritische mikroskopisch-mineralogische Studien'' (1869, 1871–73). * ''Nephrit und Jadeit nach ihren mineralogischen Eigenschaften, sowie nach ihrer urgerschichtlishen und ethnographischen Bedeutung'' (1875). * ''On stone implements in Asia''; from Proceedings of American Antiquarian Society, April 30, 1884. and many other scientific articles.

References

Source: "This article incorporates translated text from an equivalent article at the French Wikipedia". {{DEFAULTSORT:Fischer, Leopold HeinrichAchille 1817 births 1886 deaths German entomologists German mineralogists Academic staff of the University of Freiburg Scientists from Freiburg im Breisgau Members of the American Antiquarian Society