Latin Hip-Hop
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Latin hip hop (also known as Latin rap) is hip hop music that is recorded by artists in the
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of
Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...
and
Latino Latino or Latinos most often refers to: * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America * Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States * The people or cultures of Latin America; ** Latin A ...
descent, along with Spanish-speaking countries in the
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,
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,
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,
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, and
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
.


Latino hip hop in the United States


Latin rap

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, most Latin rap came from New York and the West Coast of the United States. Due to migration in the '60s and '70s, the birth of hip hop involved Latinos from the Caribbean islands. The first country to welcome Hip Hop outside the U.S. was Puerto Rico. Among the first rappers from the island were TNT, Brewley MC and Vico C. Later generations saw talented emcees and groups emerge all over the island, some under DJs, others on their own. Notable artists from this period include Big Boy, Las Guanabanas Podridas, Ivy Queen, Mexicano, Chezina, Lito y Polaco, Tempo, Daddy Yankee, Eddie Dee, Maestro, Garcia y Rivera, Gunzmoke, Triple Beam Team, Vagabundo, El Sindicato, Ciencia Ficcion, Vanguardia, 65 Infanteria, La Familia, MC Moña y Loccator, AIZ 731, among others.
Mellow Man Ace Ulpiano Sergio Reyes (born April 12, 1967), better known as Mellow Man Ace, is a Cuban-American rapper known for bilingual delivery and novelty rhymes. He was born in Cuba and moved to Los Angeles with his family at the age of four. Early life ...
was the first Latino artist to have a major bilingual single, the 1989 track " Mentirosa". This song went platinum, leading Mellow Man Ace to be described as the "Godfather of Latin rap" and inducted into the Hip Hop Hall of Fame inductee. In 1990, fellow West Coast artist
Kid Frost Arturo Molina Jr. (born May 31, 1962), better known as Frost (originally Kid Frost), is an American rapper, songwriter and record producer from Los Angeles. He is the father of record producer Scoop DeVille. Early life Molina was born and rai ...
further brought Latinos to the rap forefront with his hit song "
La Raza (song) "La Raza" is a song by American rapper Kid Frost. It was released in 1990 as the lead single from his debut studio album ''Hispanic Causing Panic''. "La Raza" is Spanish for "the race" or more symbolically "the people" as metonymy; it samples El C ...
." In 1991, Kid Frost, Mellow Man,
A.L.T. Alvin Lowell Trivette (born May 17, 1970), known as A.L.T., is an American rapper. known for the 1991 hit "Lowrider (On the Boulevard)" (as a member of Latin Alliance) and the 1992 hit "Tequila" (No. 48 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100). Biography ...
and several other Latin rappers formed the rap super group
Latin Alliance ''Latin Alliance'' is the self-titled studio album by a one-off collaboration of Latino-American hip hop recording artists under Latin Alliance brand. The group was formed in 1989 and released their one and only album in 1991 via Virgin Records. I ...
and released a self-titled album which featured the hit "Lowrider (On the Boulevard)". A.L.T. also scored a hit later that year with his remake of the song
Tequila Tequila (; ) is a liquor, distilled beverage made from the Agave tequilana, blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, Jalisco, Tequila northwest of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Guadalajara, and in the Jaliscan Highlands ...
.
Cypress Hill Cypress Hill is an American hip hop group from South Gate, California. They have sold over 20 million albums worldwide and have multi-platinum and platinum albums. They are considered to be among the main progenitors of West Coast and 1990 ...
, of which Mellow Man Ace was a member before going solo, would become the first Latino rap group to reach platinum status in 1991. The group has since continued to release other Gold and Platinum albums. Ecuadorian born rapper
Gerardo Gerardo may refer to: People Given name Gerardo is the Spanish, Portuguese and Italian form of the male given name Gerard. * Gerardo Amarilla (born 1969), Uruguayan politician * Gerardo Bonilla (born 1975), Puerto Rican-born professional race ...
received heavy rotation on video and radio for his single "Rico, Suave". While commercially watered-down, his album enjoyed a status of being one of the first mainstream Spanglish CDs on the market.
Johnny J Johnny is an English language personal name. It is usually an affectionate diminutive of the masculine given name John, but from the 16th century it has sometimes been a given name in its own right for males and, less commonly, females. Variant ...
was a multi-platinum songwriter, music producer, and rapper who was perhaps best known for his production on
Tupac Shakur Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ; born Lesane Parish Crooks, June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also known as 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper. He is widely considered one of the most influential rappers of all time. Shakur is among the Li ...
's albums
All Eyez on Me ''All Eyez on Me'' is the fourth studio album by American rapper 2Pac and the last to be released during his lifetime. Released on February 13, 1996, by Death Row and Interscope Records, the album features guest appearances from Dr. Dre, Snoo ...
and
Me Against the World ''Me Against the World'' is the third studio album by American rapper 2Pac. It was released on March 14, 1995, by Interscope and Jive Records. 2Pac draws lyrical inspiration from his impending prison sentence, troubles with the police, and pove ...
.
allmusic Credits AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the databa ...
/ref> He also produced the 1990 single Knockin' Boots for his classmate Candyman's album ''
Ain't No Shame in My Game ''Ain't No Shame in My Game'' is the debut studio album by American rapper Candyman. It was released on October 2, 1990 via Epic Records with distribution by CBS Records Inc. Production was handled by the Candyland Band and executive producer Ke ...
'', which eventually went platinum thanks to the single. In the mid-1990s, the success of LA's
Cypress Hill Cypress Hill is an American hip hop group from South Gate, California. They have sold over 20 million albums worldwide and have multi-platinum and platinum albums. They are considered to be among the main progenitors of West Coast and 1990 ...
led to additional Latin hip-hop artists finding label support.
Delinquent Habits Delinquent Habits is an American hip hop group, formed in Norwalk in 1991. They are known for their Latin-tinged rap, which is both melodic and hardcore. Their first album was executive produced by Cypress Hill member Sen Dog and featured gues ...
were a horn-sampling trio that found MTV support for their breakout bilingual single "Tres Delinquentes" in 1996. By the early 2000's, two Mexico-born, United States-raised Latin hip hop acts found success on major labels. LA's
Akwid Akwid is a Mexican-American hip hop group combining hip hop-style vocals with regional Mexican music. An earlier incarnation of the group was known as Juvenile Style . Rappers Francisco "AK" Gómez and Sergio "Wikid" Gómez, who make up Akwid, ...
fused banda with hip-hop on hits like "No Hay Manera" while Milwaukee's
Kinto Sol Kinto Sol is a Latin hip hop group based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The group consists of three brothers: DJ Payback Garcia (Javier Garcia), El Chivo (Eduardo Garcia) and Skribe (Manuel Garcia); originally from Iramuco, Guanajuato, Mexico, they m ...
told tales of Mexican immigrant life over more minimalist beats. The genre even spawned a bicultural novelty, the Brooklyn-based crew
Hip Hop Hoodíos The Hip Hop Hoodíos (from Spanish ''judíos'' = Jews) are a multilingual rock en español/alternative rock and hip hop band. Founded in 2001 in Brooklyn, NY, the group is now bi-coastal and based in California and New York. They are composed of ...
, who fused their dual Jewish and Latino cultures on songs like "Havana Nagila" and "Raza Hoodía."


Latin rap in the East Coast and Miami

DJ Charlie Chase Carlos Mandes, also known as DJ Charlie Chase is a Puerto Rican DJ who played a key role in establishing Latinos as a contributing force in The Bronx's early hip hop culture. Hitting the hip hop scene in 1975, Chase was a founding member of The Co ...
fused hip-hop with
salsa Salsa most often refers to: * Salsa (Mexican cuisine), a variety of sauces used as condiments * Salsa music, a popular style of Latin American music * Salsa (dance), a Latin dance associated with Salsa music Salsa or SALSA may also refer to: A ...
and other music genres. Chase was the DJ for the New York hip-hop group
the Cold Crush Brothers The Cold Crush Brothers are an American hip hop group that formed in 1978 in the Bronx, New York City., ''Vibe Magazine'', December 1994 - January 1995, Vol. 2, No. 10, p.68 They were especially known for their memorable routines which included ...
, from 1978 and through the '80s. East Coast Latin artists such as the
Beatnuts The Beatnuts are an American hip hop group and production duo from New York City. Its current members are JuJu and Psycho Les. JuJu (born Jerry Tineo on December 14, 1968) is a Dominican American from Corona and Psycho Les (born Lester Fernande ...
emerged in the early 1990s, with New Jersey native
Chino XL Derek Keith Barbosa (born April 8, 1974), better known by his stage name Chino XL, is an American rapper, and actor. He has released four solo studio albums, in which his most recent – ''Ricanstruction: The Black Rosary'' – won the 2012 HHU ...
earning recognition for his lyricism and equal controversy for his subject matter. In 1992, Mesanjarz of Funk, led by the Spanish/English flow of Mr. Pearl, became the first Spanish rap group signed to a major label (Atlantic Records). In 1994, Platinum Producer and DJ
Frankie Cutlass Frank Javiel Malave (born January 16, 1971), better known by his stage name Frankie Cutlass, is an American award- winning platinum DJ, Artist, Producer, Writer and Remixer from Harlem, New York, United States. He is best known for his hits "Pue ...
used his own label, Hoody Records, to produce his single “Puerto Rico” which became a classic. In the late 1990s, Puerto Rican rapper
Big Punisher Christopher Lee Rios (November 10, 1971 – February 7, 2000), better known by his stage name Big Pun (short for Big Punisher), was an American rapper. Emerging from the underground hip hop scene in the Bronx borough of New York City in the ea ...
became the first Latino solo artist to reach platinum sales for an LP with his debut album ''
Capital Punishment Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...
'', which included hit song "
Still Not a Player "Still Not a Player" is the second single from Big Pun's debut album ''Capital Punishment''. The song was produced by Knobody and features R&B singer Joe. Composition The song is a remix of Big Pun's previous single "I'm Not a Player" produced ...
".


Southwest and Chicano rap

Latin rap (as well as its subgenre of
Chicano rap Chicano rap is a subgenre of hip hop that embodies aspects of Southwest Mexican American or Chicano culture. It is typically performed by rappers and musicians of Mexican descent. History Early years The first widely recognized Chicano rap artis ...
) has thrived along the West Coast, Southwest and Midwestern states with little promotion due to the large Latino populations of those regions.
Jonny Z Jonny Z is an American hip hop artist and producer. Career Jonny Z first began working with producer Doug Rasheed in the mid 1990s. He scored his first hit when "Shake Shake (Shake Your Culo)" reached #38 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music ...
is considered to be a pioneer of Latin hip-hop, due to him being one of the first Latinos combining Spanglish lyrics with freestyle, salsa, mambo, and regional Mexican banda. He scored four Billboard Hot Dance singles between 1993 and 1997, including one of the greatest
Miami bass Miami bass (booty music or booty bass) is a subgenre of hip hop music that became popular in the 1980s and 1990s. The use of drums from the Roland TR-808, sustained kick drum, heavy bass, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit l ...
songs of all time, "Shake Shake (Shake That Culo)". Besides bass music, he also recorded the Chicano anthem "Orale". ''The Oxford Encyclopedia of Latinos and Latinas in the United States'' Volume 2, Page 301 states: "A new style of Latina and Latino hip-hop was created in Miami and Texas by the bass rappers
DJ Laz Lazaro Mendez, better known by his stage name DJ Laz (born December 2, 1971 in Hollywood, Florida, United States) is a Cuban-American rapper and DJ from Miami, Florida. He hosted his weekday radio show in Miami on WPOW 96.5 FM, branded "Power 96" ...
and
Jonny Z Jonny Z is an American hip hop artist and producer. Career Jonny Z first began working with producer Doug Rasheed in the mid 1990s. He scored his first hit when "Shake Shake (Shake Your Culo)" reached #38 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music ...
, who mixed Latin styles with bass music".


Latin hip hop in other countries

Latin rap in Puerto Rico has had a substantial impact on the genres (rap, and Latin rap) and relate a certain message to their respective audiences. Puerto Rican rap emerged as a form of cultural and social protest within the Puerto Rican context.Giovannetti, Jorge L. "Popular Music and Culture in Puerto Rico: Jamaican and Rap Music as Cross-Cultural Symbols." In "Musical Migrations: Transnationalism and Cultural Hybridity in the Americas", ed. Frances R. Aparicio and Candida F Jaquez, 89. New York: Palgrave, 2003 This is similar to the way American and Jamaican youth used rap and reggae/dancehall as a means to communicate their feelings on social, cultural, and political issues. In essence, Puerto Rican rap became the voice of the Puerto Rican youth in which they use dancehall and rap music as methods of expression for the Jamaican and working-class American youth counterparts as they made it in France too since 2003 "1492 Army". In the late 1990s, hip-hop took hold in Mexico, especially with the platinum success of Mexican rap pioneers
Control Machete Control Machete is a Mexican hip hop group from Monterrey, Nuevo León. Its members are Fermín IV (listed as Fermin IV Caballero Elizondo in credits), Patricio "Pato Machete" Chapa Elizalde, and Toy Kenobi (Antonio "Toy" Hernández). Histo ...
. The genre also found prominence with Latin alternative artists who fused hip-hop rhymes with live instrumentation, including rap-rockers Molotov and
cumbia Cumbia refers to a number of musical rhythms and folk dance traditions of Latin America, generally involving musical and cultural elements from American Indigenous peoples, enslaved Africans during colonial times, and Europeans. Examples include: ...
-rockers
El Gran Silencio El Gran Silencio is a rock en español band from Monterrey, Mexico that blends a variety of rock, reggae, dancehall, and hip-hop influences with traditional Latin American musical forms such as cumbia, vallenato and Norteño. Their lyrics tend ...
. There are many hip-hop scenes in Latin America, including a growing rap movement in Buenos Aires.


Narco-rap

A music scene, similar to the early underground
gangsta rap Gangsta rap or gangster rap, initially called reality rap, emerged in the mid- to late 1980s as a controversial hip-hop subgenre whose lyrics assert the culture and values typical of American street gangs and street hustlers. Many gangsta rappe ...
scene, has emerged in northeastern Mexico (
Nuevo León Nuevo León () is a state in the northeast region of Mexico. The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory from the Viceroyalty of New Spain, itself was named after the historic Spanish Kingdom of León. With a ...
,
Tamaulipas Tamaulipas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas), is a state in the northeast region of Mexico; one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal Entiti ...
and
Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 32 states of Mexico. Coahuila borders the Mexican states of N ...
), where the musical phenomenon of hip-hop is being co-opted by the influence of organized crime and the drug war in the region. Some of the main exponents of the genre are Cano y Blunt, DemenT and Big Los.


Freestyle

In the mid-2000s,
freestyle music Freestyle music, also called Latin freestyle or Latin hip-hop ''(sic)'' is a form of electronic dance music that emerged in the New York metropolitan area and Philadelphia, primarily among Hispanic Americans and Italian Americans in the 1980s. I ...
was initially called "Latin hip hop". This dance music genre, not to be confused with improvised
freestyle rap Freestyle is a style of improvisation, with or without instrumental beats (Mystrodamus), in which lyrics are recited with no particular subject or structure and with no prior memorization.Kevin Fitzgerald (director), '' Freestyle: The Art of Rhyme' ...
ping, was dominated, at the time, by
electro funk Electro (or electro- funk)Rap meets ...
beats and electronic Latin melodic and percussion elements, over which Latino vocalists sang melodramatic pop vocals, usually in English even though it was started by Nuyorican natives and African Americans primarily. Freestyle has been primarily popular among Latinos in the New York City, Miami, Chicago and California club scenes, but achieved national mainstream pop success with hits by Lisa Lisa, the Cover Girls, George Lamond, Stevie B, TKA and Exposé, among others.


Latin trap

In 2015, a new movement of
trap music Trap is a subgenre of hip hop music that originated in the Southern United States during the 1990s. The genre gets its name from the Atlanta slang word "trap", a house used exclusively to sell drugs. Trap music uses synthesized drums and is ch ...
referred to as "
Latin trap Latin trap is a subgenre of Trap music, trap music that originated in Puerto Rico. A direct descendant of southern hip hop, and influenced by reggaeton, it gained popularity after 2007, and has since spread throughout Latin America. ''The trap'' ...
" began to emerge. Also known as Spanish-language trap, Latin trap similar to mainstream trap which details "'la calle,' or the streets — hustling, sex, and drugs". Prominent artists of Latin trap include Messiah, Fuego, Anuel AA and Bad Bunny. In July 2017, ''
The Fader ''The Fader'' (stylized as ''FADER'') is a magazine based in New York City that was launched in 1999 by Rob Stone and Jon Cohen. The magazine covers music, style and culture. It was the first print publication to be released on iTunes. It is o ...
'' wrote "Rappers and
reggaeton Reggaeton (, ), also known as reggaetón and reguetón (), is a music style that originated in Panama during the late 1980s. It was later popularized in Puerto Rico. It has evolved from dancehall and has been influenced by American Hip hop m ...
eros from Puerto Rico to Colombia have taken elements of trap — the lurching bass lines, jittering 808s and the eyes-half-closed vibe — and infused them into banger after banger." In an August 2017 article for ''Billboard'''s series, "A Brief History Of," they enlisted some of the key artists of Latin trap—including
Ozuna Juan Carlos Ozuna Rosado (; born March 13, 1992), known simply by his surname Ozuna, is a Puerto Rican singer. Five of his studio albums have topped the Billboard Top Latin Albums, ''Billboard'' Top Latin Albums chart, with ''Aura (Ozuna al ...
,
De La Ghetto Rafael Castillo Torres, known professionally as De La Ghetto, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter, originally part of the duo Arcángel & De La Ghetto. His name is a reference to a 1990 episode of ''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air''. Earl ...
, Bad Bunny,
Farruko Carlos Efrén Reyes Rosado (born May 2, 1991), better known by his stage name Farruko, is a retired Puerto Rican singer and rapper. He rose to fame collaborating with Daddy Yankee, J Balvin, Don Omar, and J Álvarez. He came to prominence in 201 ...
and Messiah—to narrate a brief history on the genre. Elias Leight of ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. It was first kno ...
'' noted "
orge The Orge () is a long river in France, left tributary of the Seine. Its source is in the village Saint-Martin-de-Bréthencourt. Its course crosses the '' départements'' of Yvelines and Essonne. It flows northwest through the towns of Dourdan, ...
Fonseca featured Puerto Rican artists like Anuel AA,
Bryant Myers Bryan Robert Rohena Pérez (born April 5, 1998), known professionally as Bryant Myers, is a Puerto Rican Latin trap and reggaeton rapper and songwriter. Rohena was born in Loma Alta, Puerto Rico. He began sampling and making his own songs in 2013 ...
and
Noriel Noel Santos Román, known by his stage name Noriel, is a Puerto Rican rapper and songwriter, signed to Sony Music Latin. Noriel became known after singing with Maluma on his track "Cuatro Babys" and releasing a popular album called ''Trap Capos: S ...
on the compilation ''Trap Capos: Season 1'', which became the first "Latin trap" LP to reach Number One on ''Billboard'''s
Latin Rhythm Albums Latin Rhythm Albums is a record chart published by ''Billboard'' magazine. Like all ''Billboard'' album charts, the chart is based on sales, which are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based on sales data from merchants representing more than 90  ...
chart." A
remix A remix (or reorchestration) is a piece of media which has been altered or contorted from its original state by adding, removing, or changing pieces of the item. A song, piece of artwork, book, video, poem, or photograph can all be remixes. The o ...
ed version of
Cardi B Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar Cephus (, ; born October 11, 1992), known professionally as Cardi B, is an American rapper and songwriter. She first gained popularity as an influencer on Vine and Instagram. From 2015 to early 2017, she appeared as ...
's
hit single A hit song, also known as a hit record, hit single or simply a hit, is a recorded song or instrumental that becomes broadly popular or well-known. Although ''hit song'' means any widely played or big-selling song, the specific term ''hit record' ...
"
Bodak Yellow "Bodak Yellow" (alternatively titled "Bodak Yellow (Money Moves)") is the major-label debut single by American rapper Cardi B. It was written by Cardi B, Jordan Thorpe, Klenord Raphael, and produced by J. White Did It and Laquan Green. It was r ...
" (which reached number one on the US ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart), dubbed the "Latin Trap Remix", was officially released on August 18, 2017 and features Cardi B
rapping Rapping (also rhyming, spitting, emceeing or MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates "rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular". It is performed or chanted, usually over a backing beat or musical accompaniment. The ...
in the
Spanish language Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 millio ...
with
Dominican hip hop The music of the Dominican Republic is primarily influenced by West African, European, and native Taino influences. The Dominican Republic is mainly known for its merengue and bachata music, both of which are the most popular forms of music i ...
recording artist Messiah contributing a
guest Guest or The Guest may refer to: * A person who is given hospitality * Guest (surname), people with the surname ''Guest'' * USS ''Guest'' (DD-472), U.S. Navy ''Fletcher''-class destroyer 1942–1946 * Guest appearance, guest actor, guest star, e ...
verse Verse may refer to: Poetry * Verse, an occasional synonym for poetry * Verse, a metrical structure, a stanza * Blank verse, a type of poetry having regular meter but no rhyme * Free verse, a type of poetry written without the use of strict me ...
. In November 2017, ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. It was first kno ...
'' wrote that "a surging Latin trap sound is responding to more recent developments in American rap, embracing the slow-rolling rhythms and gooey vocal delivery popularized by Southern hip-hop."


See also

*
Avanzada Regia Avanzada Regia was a musical movement in the mid-1990s from Monterrey in Mexico. Origins In 1995, the group Zurdok Movimiento won the Battle of the Bands at the Rockotitlan music festival, becoming the first band not from Mexico City to wi ...
*
Brazilian hip hop Brazilian hip hop is a national music genre in Brazil. From its earliest days in the African-Brazilian communities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the genre has grown into a countrywide phenomena. Rappers, DJs, break dancers and graffiti artists a ...
*
Chicano rap Chicano rap is a subgenre of hip hop that embodies aspects of Southwest Mexican American or Chicano culture. It is typically performed by rappers and musicians of Mexican descent. History Early years The first widely recognized Chicano rap artis ...
*
Cuban hip hop Hip hop music arrived in Cuba via radio and TV broadcasts from Miami. During the 1980s hip hop culture in Cuba was mainly centered on breakdancing. But by the 1990s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of the Special Period, you ...
*
Dominican hip hop The music of the Dominican Republic is primarily influenced by West African, European, and native Taino influences. The Dominican Republic is mainly known for its merengue and bachata music, both of which are the most popular forms of music i ...
*
Merenrap Merenhouse, merenrap or electronic merengue,Mambo o Mambo de Calle is a style of Dominican merengue music formed by blending with dancehall reggae and hip hop. The mix of Latin music, house music and dancehall started in NYC in the late 1980s. ...
*
Mexican hip hop Mexican hip hop is hip hop music from Mexico or hip hop music performed by Mexican artists or artists of Mexican descent. Narco-rap Narco rap is a subgenre of Mexican rap. It is influenced by narcocorridos. See also * Chicano rap References

...
*
Nuyorican rap Nuyorican rap is a fusion genre of hip hop, Latin hip hop, East Coast hip hop and reggaeton that embodies aspects of East Coast Stateside Puerto Rican ( Nuyorican) culture and is typically performed by American or Puerto Rican rappers and mus ...
*
Salvadoran hip hop Salvadoran rap or Guanaco hip hop is a type of rap music that comes from El Salvador. It is a style of music that emerged from groups such as Pescozada and Mecate in the late 1990s. Salvadoran hip hop arose about 30 years ago following a large mi ...
*
Spanish hip hop Spanish hip hop is a subgenre of music which consists of hip hop music produced in Spain. Spanish hip hop is directly influenced by hip hop music from the United States, Latin America, and some European countries, including France and the United ...


Further reading

* Flores, Juan.
From Bomba to Hip-Hop Puerto Rican Culture and Latino Identity
'. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. * George, Nelson.
Hip Hop America
'. New York: Penguin, 1998. * Kitwana, Bakari.
The Hip Hop Generation
'. Basic Books, 2002. * Rivera, Raquel.
New Yorkricans from the Hip Hop Zone
'. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.


References


External links


LatinRapper.com
Source for Latin rap news and interviews
BrownPride.com
at BrownPride.com—a collection of texts and links about Latin rap {{DEFAULTSORT:Latin Hip Hop American hip hop genres Urbano music genres Hispanic American music Hip hop