The Konstal 105Na are a class of Polish trams manufactured from 1979 to 1992 in workshops
Konstal Chorzow, Poland. The
meter-gauge version is designated as 805Na. As of 2016 they are still the most common trams in Poland.
Construction
105Na is unidirectional motor tramcar, equipped with four doors.
It is a development of the earlier
Konstal 105N. The main changes being a shift in the location of the
electrical equipment
Electric(al) devices are devices that functionally rely on electric energy ( AC or DC) to drive their core parts ( electric motors, transformers, lighting, rechargeable batteries, control electronics). They can be contrasted with traditional m ...
from under the steps to the back wall of the driver's cabin, the introduction of a separate cabin for the driver, as well as the removal of the small windows under the front and side windscreens.
The most important change was the introduction of motor grouping, which reduced the energy consumption by 12%. During initial acceleration, the four motors are connected in series, whilst at higher speeds, two groups of motors are connected in parallel.
While in service, the 105Na vehicles were the subject of various modifications and upgrades (including changes in the electrical system, new front plastic, change of the door opening mechanism, and even re-design, for
Poznań
Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John ...
, to the bidirectional Konstal 105NaDK). Almost all 105N cars in Poland have over time been modernised to the 105Na standard.
Other variants
The Konstal 105Na and 805Na trams provided the basis for the production of a large number of prototypes and variants:
*105Nb - new doors and bogies, 15 units built in 1988-1993
*105Nb/e - slightly modified electrical system, 6 units built in 1994
*105Ne - slightly thicker walls, 18 units built in 1993
*105Nf - modernized brakes and drivers console, 44 units built in 1994-1996
*105Ng - three doors, static converter and modified breaks, 2 units built in 1993 additional units obtained by modernizing 105Na
*105Nm - similar to 105Nf but with a static converter, 14 units built in 1996-1997
*105Np - static converter, single unit built in 1994
*105NT - thyristor based, 13 units built in 1985-1989, later converted to standard 105Na
*105Nz - thyristor based and asynchronous motor, 2 units built in 1997
*105N1k - similar to 105Ng but thyristor based, 3 units built in 1995
*105N1k2 - similar to 105N1k but with electrical systems from a different supplier, 60 units built in 1995-2000
*105N2k2000 - similar to 105N1k2 with a plastic front and rear, 36 units built in 2001
*106N - thyristor based, 7 units built in 1977-1987, later converted to standard 105Na
*106Na - thyristor based, 8 units built in 1991-1993
*805Nb - meter-gauge version of the 105Nb
*805NS - meter-gauge with new accelerator, 12 units built in 1984-1990
*111N - with doors on both sides - two 111N cars connected back-to-back could work as a bidirectional tram, 6 units built in 1993
Production numbers
The number of standard-gauge version 105Na vehicles produced is 1443 while the number narrow-gauge version, the 805Na, is 691.
Operators
These trams were used in all Polish cities which operate a tram system
and they are the largest group in the stock.
Gallery
File:Konstal 105Na tram cockpit, Wrocław.jpg, Cockpit of 105Na
File:105Na wnętrze RB3.JPG, Interior
File:Konstal 105NaD.jpg, High floor is one of the main drawbacks of 105Na
File:105N wahadło.jpg, 105NaDK - a bidirectional variant in Poznań
File:111N.jpg, Konstal 111N with doors on both sides
File:105Nz-2028.jpg, Konstal 105Nz
File:105N2k-2120, Warszawa, 2014-08-21 (Muri WK14).jpg, Konstal 105N2k2000 - one of the last produced
File:105Na wroc.JPG, A modernised 105Na in Wrocław
File:Konstal 105Na ZURek (front).jpg, A modernised 105Na in Ruda Śląska
File:Konstal 105Na ZURek (rear).jpg, A modernised 105Na in Ruda Śląska - rear view
File:Konstal 105Ng2015 in Szczecin, Poland, 2016 (cropped).png, A modernised 105Na in Szczecin
File:Tram wroclaw.JPG, A modernised 105Na in Wrocław
File:Gdańsk Zaspa pętla tramwajowa i Konstal.JPG, A modernised 105Na in Gdańsk
File:Fgg.jpg, 105Na undergoing modernisation
File:PL Warsaw Konstal 105Na tram.jpg, A Konstal 105Na in old...
File:Nowowiejska (tramwaj 74).JPG, ...and new Warsaw livery
File:Wrocław Tramwaj. Konstal 105Na Tram nr 2400 ,Linia 0,November 1989 - Flickr - sludgegulper.jpg, 105Na in Wrocław in 1989
File:Wrocław - Konstal 105Na MPK 2246 2015-12-26 13-56-46.JPG, 105Na in Wrocław, 2015
File:Roch, Poznan, 105Na.JPG, 105Na in Poznań, 2015
File:Warszawa summer 2015 005.JPG, 105Na in Warsaw, 2015
References
{{Konstal trams
Tram vehicles of Poland