The ''Kölner Werkschulen'' (Cologne Academy of Fine and Applied Arts), formerly Cologne Art and Craft Schools, was a university in Cologne training artists in visual arts, architecture and design from 1926 to 1971.

History

Origins

The origins of the Kölner Werkschulen can be found in the Sunday school established by the painter

Egidius Mengelberg Egidius Mengelberg (8 April 1770, Cologne - 26 October 1849, Cologne) was a German portrait painter, interior designer and art teacher. Life and work His family was originally from Linz am Rhein, where it can be traced back to the 16th cent ...

in 1822 at the Jesuit buildings. This was incorporated into the "Royal Prussian Provincial Vocational School Cologne" founded in 1833. In 1910

Emil Thormählen Emil or Emile may refer to: Literature *''Emile, or On Education'' (1762), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau *Émile (novel), ''Émile'' (novel) (1827), an autobiographical novel based on Émile de Girardin's early life *''Emil an ...

came to Cologne to develop a School of Applied Arts as part of the German Werkbund movement. However his plans to build a new school building had to be postponed due to the outbreak of war in 1914. When the plans could not be taken forward immediately after the war, Thormählen retired November 1919. In April 1924, the architect Martin Elsaesser was the director of the school and designed a "Red House", an expressionist, red brick building on Ubierring 40.

1926–1933

In 1926 the school was reorganized and the Mayor Konrad Adenauer, designated it the "Cologne Werkschulen", in accordance with the Bauhaus point of view. He said, "Bonn is for science (= University) and Dusseldorf for Art (= Academy) but in Cologne I want both." Adenauer got his way by 1919 with the University of Cologne, and in 1924 with his Cologne art school (Werkschulen), with both buildings almost within sight of each other.

1933–1945

Under the rule of the NSDAP the German Werkbund movement was dissolved and the name of the Werkschulen was changed to ''Kölner Meisterschule'' (Cologne Master School). The new director Karl Berthold introduced the anti-semitic ideology of Hitler.

After 1946

Structure in 1971

Directors

* 1879–1906: Friedrich Romberg, engineer * 1906–1910:

Gustav Halmhuber Gustav Halmhuber (23 March 1862 – 25 August 1936) was a German architect and university teacher. His style reflected the flamboyance and brittle optimism of the early twentieth century. Perhaps his best known surviving work – also one of ...

, architect and painter * 1910–1919,

, painter and architect * 1920–1926:

Martin Elsässer Martin may refer to: Places * Martin City (disambiguation) * Martin County (disambiguation) * Martin Township (disambiguation) Antarctica * Martin Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land * Port Martin, Adelie Land * Point Martin, South Orkney Islands Austral ...

, architect * 1926–1931:

Richard Riemerschmid Richard Riemerschmid (20 June 1868 – 13 April 1957) was a German architect, painter, designer and city planner from Munich. He was a major figure in ''Jugendstil'', the German form of Art Nouveau, and a founder of architecture in the sty ...

, painter, architect and designer * 1931–1933:

Karl With Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austrian ...

, art historian * 1933–1945:

Karl Berthold Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austria ...

, goldsmith * 1946–1957:

August Hoff August is the eighth month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars, and the fifth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. Its zodiac sign is Leo (astrology), Leo and was originally named ''Sextilis'' in Latin ...

, art historian * 1958–1965:

Friedrich Vordemberge Friedrich may refer to: Names * Friedrich (surname), people with the surname ''Friedrich'' * Friedrich (given name), people with the given name ''Friedrich'' Other * Friedrich (board game), a board game about Frederick the Great and the Seven Year ...

, painter * 1965–1971:

Werner Schriefers Werner may refer to: People * Werner (name), origin of the name and people with this name as surname and given name Fictional characters * Werner (comics), a German comic book character * Werner Von Croy, a fictional character in the ''Tomb Rai ...

, painter and designer

Lecturers

Architecture and interior design

Martin Elsaesser Martin Elsaesser (28 May 1884 – 5 August 1957) was a German architect and professor of architecture. He is especially well known for the many churches he built. Life From 1901 to 1906, Elsaesser studied architecture at the Technical University ...

(1920–1925) *

Dominikus Böhm Dominikus Böhm (23 October 1880 – 6 August 1955) was a German architect specializing in churches. He built churches in Cologne, the Ruhr area, Swabia, and Hesse. Many of his buildings are examples of Brick Expressionism. Life and caree ...

(1926–1934/1947–1953) *

(1926–1931) * Stefan Leuer (1954–1978) *

Georg Lünenborg Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) * , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker See also * George (disambiguation) George may refer to: People * George (given name) * G ...

(1948–1967) * Gernot Lucas (1969–2003) * Wolf Nöhren (1970–1973)

Painting

Johan Thorn Prikker Johan Thorn Prikker (6 June 1868, The Hague - 5 March 1932, Cologne) was a Dutch artist who worked in Germany after 1904. His activities were very eclectic, including architecture, lithography, furniture, stained-glass windows, mosaics, tapestries ...

(1926–1932) *

Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann (17 July 1883 – 11 December 1973) was a German painter and art writer from Hamburg. He was a member of the Hamburgische Künstlerclub of 1897, as well as of the Hamburg artist's workshop of 1832 and pupil of the Acad� ...

(1928–1933) *

Richard Seewald Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Old Frankish and is a compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'strong ...

(1924–1931) *

Otto Gerster Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', '' Odo'', ''Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity". The name is recorded f ...

(1939–1972) * Stefan Wewerka (1975–1993) * Daniel Spoerri (1978–1982) *

Hans Rolf Maria Koller Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi a ...

(1963–1973) *

Dieter Kraemer Dieter or dieter may refer to: * A person committed to dieting People Dieter is a German given name (), a short form of Dietrich, from ''theod+ric'' "people ruler", see Theodoric. Given name *Dieter Althaus (born 1958), German politician ...

(1963–1993) *

(1946–1976) *

Dieter Horký Dieter or dieter may refer to: * A person committed to dieting People Dieter is a German given name (), a short form of Dietrich, from ''theod+ric'' "people ruler", see Theodoric. Given name *Dieter Althaus (born 1958), German politician ...

(1971–1993) * Karl Marx (1959–1986) *

Wilhelm Teuwen Wilhelm may refer to: People and fictional characters * William Charles John Pitcher, costume designer known professionally as "Wilhelm" * Wilhelm (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname Other uses * Mount ...

(1946–1967) * Elisabeth Vary (1964–1970–1993) *

(1965–1989) * Gerhard Kadow (1967–1974) *

Franz Dank Franz may refer to: People * Franz (given name) * Franz (surname) Places * Franz (crater), a lunar crater * Franz, Ontario, a railway junction and unorganized town in Canada * Franz Lake, in the state of Washington, United States – see Fran ...

(1961–1993) * Hubert Schaffmeister (1952–1976)

Sculpture and plastic arts

* Anton Berger (1964–1989) *

Hans Karl Burgeff Hans Karl Burgeff (20 April 1928 – 25 November 2005) was a German sculptor, medal engraver and art lecturer, who worked mostly in the Rhineland. Life Burgeff was born in Würzburg, the son of Hans Burgeff, university professor of botany. H ...

(1968–1988) *

Ludwig Gies Ludwig Gies (3 September 1887 – 27 January 1966) was a German sculptor, medallist and professor of art. He is best known for his crucifix in Lübeck Cathedral, vandalized in March 1922 and later considered a typical work of degenerate art, and ...

(1950–1962) *

Georg Grasegger Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) * , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker See also * George (disambiguation) George may refer to: People * George (given name) * ...

(1901–1927) * Josef Jaekel (1947–1975) * Dorkas Reinacher-Härlin (1924–1929) * Titus Reinarz (1981–1992) *

Kurt Schwippert Kurt is a male given name of Germanic or Turkish origin. ''Kurt'' or ''Curt'' originated as short forms of the Germanic Conrad (name), Conrad, depending on geographical usage, with meanings including counselor or advisor. In Turkish, Kurt (surn ...

(1963–1968) *

Wolfgang Wallner Wolfgang is a German male given name traditionally popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The name is a combination of the Old High German words ''wolf'', meaning "wolf", and '' gang'', meaning "path", "journey", "travel". Besides the regul ...

(1912–1950) *

Hans Wissel Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi a ...

(1925–1933)

Graphic design

(1926–1931) *

Jakob Erbar Jakob Erbar (8 February 1878 – 7 January 1935) was a German professor of graphic design and a type designer. Erbar trained as a typesetter for the Dumont-Schauberg Printing Works before studying under Fritz Helmut Ehmcke and Anna Simons. Erbar ...

(1926–1933) * Heinrich Hußmann (1928–1965) * Alfred Will (1929–1933/1946–1971) * Anton Wolff (1942–1976) *

Jürgen Klauke Jürgen Klauke (born 6 September 1943) is a German artist. Beginning in the 1960s, he used his own body as a subject of his photographs. He also experimented with minimalism and surrealism. The ZKM in Karlsruhe exhibits his work.

(1970–1975) *

Heinz Edelmann Heinz Edelmann (20 June 1934 – 21 July 2009) was a Czech-German illustrator and designer. His art direction and character designs for the Beatles' 1968 animated film '' Yellow Submarine'' brought him additional recognition around the world. ...

(1976–1978)

Goldsmithing

* Ernst Riegel (1913–1933) *

Elisabeth Treskow Elisabeth Treskow (1898–1992) was a German goldsmith and jewellery designer, one of the earliest professional women in the field. After serving an apprenticeship under in Munich, in 1923 she worked with the bookbinder Frida Schoy in the artists ...

(1948–1964)

Photography

* Arno Jansen (1965–2003)

Art history

* Wilhelm Lotz *

(1925–1928/1931–1933) *

(1946–1957)

Ceramics and industrial design

* Dorkas Reinacher-Härlin (1924–1929) *

Ludwig König Ludwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Ludwig (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters * Ludwig (surname), including a list of people * Ludwig Ahgren, or simply Ludwig, American YouTube live streamer and co ...

(1930–1933) * Georg Roth (1924–1964) *

Walter Maria Kersting Walter Maria Kersting (8 July 1889, in Münster – 5 May 1970, in Waging am See) was a German architect and industrial designer. Career In 1928, he published the ''Bilderbuch für Kaufleute'', (‘Picture book for business people’) a publi ...

(1927–1932) * Herbert Schultes (1968–1970)

Guest lecturers

* Bazon Brock (art theory) * Birgit Hein (film) *

Wulf Herzogenrath Wulf Herzogenrath (born 23 March 1944, Rathenow, Province of Brandenburg), Germany is a German art historian and art curator. He is a leading expert in the fields of Video art, New Media Art and the Bauhaus. He has assembled a large collection of ...

(art settlement) * Friedrich Wolfram Heubach (psychology) *

Jörg Immendorff Jörg Immendorff (14 June 1945 – 28 May 2007) was a German painter, sculptor, stage designer and art professor. He was a member of the art movement ''Neue Wilde''. Early life and education Immendorff was born in Bleckede, Lower Saxony, n ...

(painting) * Leo Kofler (sociology) * Ingo Kümmel (art dealing) *

Ulrike Rosenbach Ulrike Rose Bach (born 1943) is a video artist from Germany. Rose Bach works with videotapes, installations and performances.

(video action) * Günter Karl Friedrich Schwichtenberg (cybernetics)

Students

Architecture

* Heinz Bienefeld *

Johannes Krahn Johannes Krahn (17 May 1908 – 17 October 1974) was a German architect and an academic teacher. Career Born in Mainz, Johannes Krahn studied architecture from 1923 to 1927 at the Technische Lehranstalten Offenbach. He continued his studies 19 ...

Painting

* Ingeborg Drews * Hellmuth Eichner * Joseph Fassbender * Edvard Frank *

Jürgen Hans Grümmer Jürgen or Jurgen is a popular masculine given name in Germany, Estonia, Belgium and the Netherlands. It is cognate with George. Notable people named Jürgen include: A * Jürgen Ahrend (born 1930), German organ builder *Jürgen Alzen (born 1 ...

* Hildegard Grunert *

* Ulla Horký * Ida Köhne * Jean Lessenich *

Joseph Mader Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the mo ...

Wolfgang Niedecken Wolfgang Niedecken (, ; born 30 March 1951) is a German singer and musician. He founded the Kölsch-speaking rock group BAP at the end of the 1970s and soon became famous with BAP all over Germany. He is the lead singer and only remaining found ...

Erwin und Helmut Plönes Erwin may refer to: People Given name * Erwin Chargaff (1905–2002), Austrian biochemist * Erwin Dold (1919–2012), German concentration camp commandant in World War 2 * Erwin Hauer (1926–2017), Austrian-born American sculptor * Egon Erwin Kisc ...

* Anton Räderscheidt * Wolfgang Schulte *

Franz Wilhelm Seiwert Franz Wilhelm Seiwert (March 9, 1894 – July 3, 1933) was a German painter and sculptor in a constructivist style. He was also politically active as a communist making significant contributions, both graphic and theoretical to ''Die Aktion' ...

Udo Sellbach Udo Sellbach (1927–2006) was a German-Australian visual artist and educator whose work focused primarily around his printmaking practice. History Udo Sellbach was born in Cologne, Germany in 1927. Trained at Kölner Werkschulen, Cologn ...

Wolfgang Siemens Wolfgang Siemens (4 February 1945 – died 29 February 2016) was a German painter. Life In 1961, Siemens began to study painting under Friedrich Vordemberge at the Kölner Werkschulen and later under Karl Marx as a master student of Vordemberg ...

* Helga Tiemann * Rosemarie Trockel * Günther Umberg *

Kurt Wegner Kurt Wegner (27 August 1908 - 16 September 1985) was a German artist born in Köln, Germany. He moved to Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's f ...

Willy Weyres Willy Weyres (31 December – 1903 – 18 May 1989) was a German architect and academic teacher. He was from 1944 to 1972, diocesan master builder for the Archdiocese of Cologne for more than ten years, and full professor of architectural history ...

Paul Wieghardt Paul Wieghardt (1897–1969) was a German-born American artist and professor, he is known for his paintings. He taught at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT). Early life and education Paul Wieghar ...

Sculpture / plastic arts

* Georg J. Ahrens *

Raimund Böll ''Raimund'' is thought to be a variant of the name Raymond. Raimund may refer to: * Ferdinand Raimund (1790-1836), Austrian actor and dramatist * Raimund Theater, a theatre in the Mariahilf district of Vienna, Austria People with the given name R ...

* Kurt-Wolf von Borries *

Hilde Broër Hilde may refer to: *Hilde (given name) * ''Hilde'' (film), a 2009 German biopic film * MV ''Hilde'', a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker *Tom Hilde (born 1987), Norwegian ski jumper Characters *Hilde (Soulcalibur), a character in the ''Soul'' series ...

* Hubert Bruhs * Heinz Feuerborn *

Peter Raacke Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a sur ...

* Titus Reinarz *

Wolfgang Reuter Wolfgang is a German male given name traditionally popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The name is a combination of the Old High German words ''wolf'', meaning "wolf", and '' gang'', meaning "path", "journey", "travel". Besides the regul ...

Ulrich Rückriem Ulrich Rückriem (born 30 September 1938) is a German sculptor notable for his monumental stone sculptures. He lives and works in Cologne and London. His abstract works of art are often assigned to the style of minimalism and process art. Lif ...

* Gretel Schulte-Hostedde

Graphic design

Will Burtin Will Burtin (1908-1972) was a graphic designer from Cologne, Germany, known for interrelating design and scientific concepts within his exhibits. He was an influential designer, educator, and theorist in Germany and the United States. He arrived ...

Thomas F. Fischer Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the A ...

* Walter Hanel *

* Maurilio Minuzzi *

Eduard Prüssen Eduard Model Accessories is a Czech manufacturer of plastic models and finescale model accessories. Formed in 1989 in the city of Most, Eduard began in a rented cellar as a manufacturer of photoetched brass model components. Following the succ ...

* Maf Räderscheidt *

Konrad Schaefer Konrad is a German (with variants ''Kunz'' and ''Kunze'') given name and surname that means "bold counselor" and may refer to: People Given name Surname *Alexander Konrad (1890–1940), Russian explorer *Antoine Konrad (born 1975), birth name o ...

Helmut Tollmann Helmut G. Tollmann born 1945 in Cologne, is a German artist, working now for about 50 years as a photographer, painter, performance and large screen multi-vision artist. He finished the training as a graphics designer in 1964. Subsequently, h ...

Photography

* Chargesheimer * Fritz Gruber *

Candida Höfer Candida Höfer (born 4 February 1944) is a German photographer. She is a former student of Bernd and Hilla Becher. Like other Becher students, Höfer's work is known for technical perfection and a strictly conceptual approach. From 1997 to 2000, ...

* Burkhard Jüttner *

Raoul Ubac Raoul Ubac (31 August 1910, Cologne – 22 March 1985, Dieudonne, Oise) was a French painter, sculptor, photographer and engraver. He had various and irregular artistic training and travelled in Europe between 1928 and 1934. He worked mostly ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolner Werkschulen Defunct universities and colleges in Germany Art schools in Germany Education in Cologne 1926 establishments in Germany Educational institutions established in 1926 Educational institutions disestablished in 1971 1971 disestablishments in West Germany