Kotlassky District (russian: Ко́тласский райо́н) is an administrative district (
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
), one of the
twenty-one in
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast (russian: Арха́нгельская о́бласть, ''Arkhangelskaya oblast'') is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It includes the Arctic Ocean, Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land ...
, Russia.
[Law #65-5-OZ] As a
municipal division, it is incorporated as Kotlassky Municipal District.
[Law #258-vneoch.-OZ] It is located in the southeast of the
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdom of ...
and borders with
Krasnoborsky District
Krasnoborsky District (russian: Краснобо́рский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Law #65-5-OZ Municipally, it is incorporated as Krasnoborsky Municipal District. ...
in the north,
Lensky District in the northeast,
Vilegodsky District in the east,
Luzsky District
Luzsky District (russian: Лу́зский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #203-ZO and municipalLaw #284-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-nine in Kirov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the dis ...
of
Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (russian: Ки́ровская о́бласть, ''Kirovskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. Population: 1,341,312 ( 2010 Census).
Geography
Na ...
and
Velikoustyugsky District
Velikoustyugsky District (russian: Великоу́стюгский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #371-OZ and municipalLaw #1109-OZ district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the ob ...
of
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast ( rus, Вологодская область, p=vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, r=Vologodskaya oblast, ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The Oblast has a population of 1,202,444 ...
in the south, and with
Ustyansky District in the west. The area of the district is .
Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
is the
town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
of
Kotlas
Kotlas (russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:
Kotlas is the third largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Ar ...
(which is not administratively a part of the district).
Population:
Geography
The district is located on both banks of the
Northern Dvina
, image = dvina.jpg
, image_size =
, image_caption = Northern Dvina starts as the confluence of Yug River (on left) and Sukhona River (on top) near Veliky Ustyug (photo 2001)
, source1 = Confluence of ...
and its main right
tributary
A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage ...
, the
Vychegda
, image = VytchegdaRiver.jpg
, image_size =
, image_caption = The lower course of the Vychegda
, source1_location =
, mouth = Northern Dvina
, mouth_coordinates =
, progression =
, sub ...
. The Northern Dvina and the Vychegda divide the district into three comparably sized areas.
A major part of the district belongs to the
basins
Basin may refer to:
Geography and geology
* Depression (geology)
** Back-arc basin, a submarine feature associated with island arcs and subduction zones
** Debris basin, designed to prevent damage from debris flow
** Drainage basin (hydrology), a ...
of the Northern Dvina and the Vychegda, including such major tributaries of the Northern Dvina as the
Ustya (left) and the
Uftyuga (right). The rivers in the southeastern corner of the district (i. e., areas south of the town of Koryazhma) drain into the
Lala
Lala may refer to:
Geography
* Lala language (disambiguation) Places
* Lala (Naples Metro), an underground metro station in Naples, Italy
* Lala, Assam, a town in Assam, India
* Lala, Ilam, a village in Ilam Province, Iran
* Lala, Lanao del No ...
, a tributary of the
Luza, in the basin of the
Yug.
Almost the whole territory of the district is covered by coniferous forests (
taiga
Taiga (; rus, тайга́, p=tɐjˈɡa; relates to Mongolic and Turkic languages), generally referred to in North America as a boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruce ...
).
History
The area in general was populated by speakers of
Uralic languages
The Uralic languages (; sometimes called Uralian languages ) form a language family of 38 languages spoken by approximately 25million people, predominantly in Northern Eurasia. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian (w ...
and then colonized by the
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a medieval state that existed from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Gulf of Finland in the west to the northern Ural Mountains in the east, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of m ...
.
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk (russian: Сольвычего́дск, lit. "salt on the Vychegda River") is a town in Kotlassky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right-hand bank of the Vychegda River northeast of Kotlas, the administra ...
was founded in the 14th century. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovite Russia, Muscovite Rus' or Grand Principality of Moscow (russian: Великое княжество Московское, Velikoye knyazhestvo Moskovskoye; also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Lati ...
.
In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by
Peter the Great
Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...
, the area was included into
Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate (russian: Архангелогородская губерния, ''Arkhangelogorodskaya guberniya''), or the Government of Archangelgorod, was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia and ...
, and Solvychegodsk was designated as one of the cities. In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty (russian: Волого́дское наме́стничество) was an administrative division (a '' namestnichestvo'') of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Vologda ...
. The latter was abolished in 1796, and the part of it which included Solvychegodsk was made into
Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate (russian: link=no, Вологодская губерния, ''Vologodskaya guberniya'', ''Government of Vologda'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed fr ...
. In 1918, the area was transferred to the newly established
Northern Dvina Governorate
Northern Dvina Governorate (russian: Северо-Двинская губерния, ''Severo-Dvinskaya guberniya'') was a governorate ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1929. Its seat was in the city ...
, and in 1924 the
uyezd
An uezd (also spelled uyezd; rus, уе́зд, p=ʊˈjest), or povit in a Ukrainian context ( uk, повіт), or Kreis in Baltic-German context, was a type of administrative subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, the Russian Empire, and the ea ...
s were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts (raions).
Kotlassky District was formed on June 25, 1924 and included areas of former
Solvychegodsky and
Velikoustyugsky Uyezds. In 1928, it was merged with
Solvychegodsky District and in 1931, a part of
Krasnoborsky District
Krasnoborsky District (russian: Краснобо́рский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Law #65-5-OZ Municipally, it is incorporated as Krasnoborsky Municipal District. ...
was appended to Kotlassky District.
In the following years, the district remained in the same borders (with the exception of Solvychegodsky District, which was split out in 1938 and merged back in 1958), but the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1929, Northern Dvina Governorate was merged into
Northern Krai
Northern Krai (russian: Северный край, ''Severny Krai'') was a ''krai'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk. ...
, which in 1936 was transformed into
Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kotlassky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.
Administrative and municipal status
Administrative divisions
Within the
framework of administrative divisions, Kotlassky District is one of the
twenty-one in the oblast.
The town of
Kotlas
Kotlas (russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:
Kotlas is the third largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Ar ...
serves as its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
,
despite being incorporated separately as a
town of oblast significance—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.
The district is divided into twelve
selsoviet
Selsoviet ( be, сельсавет, r=sieĺsaviet, tr. ''sieĺsaviet''; rus, сельсовет, p=ˈsʲelʲsɐˈvʲɛt, r=selsovet; uk, сільрада, silrada) is a shortened name for a rural council and for the area governed by such a cou ...
s, one
town of district significance
Town of district significance is an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia. It is equal in status to a selsoviet or an urban-type settlement of district significance, but is organized around a town (as opposed to a ...
(
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk (russian: Сольвычего́дск, lit. "salt on the Vychegda River") is a town in Kotlassky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right-hand bank of the Vychegda River northeast of Kotlas, the administra ...
), and two
urban-type settlements with jurisdictional territory (
Privodino and
Shipitsyno).
Three other inhabited localities which previously had work settlement status were downgraded to rural status in 2005; these are
Cheryomushsky,
Kharitonovo, and
Udimsky. The following selsoviets have been established (the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
s are given in parentheses):
*Cheryomushsky (Cheryomushsky)
*Kharitonovsky (Kharitonovo)
*Koryazhemsky (
Koryazhma
Koryazhma (russian: Коря́жма) is a town in the southeast of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vychegda River east of Kotlas, at the confluence of the Bolshaya Koryazhemka River. Population:
History
In 1535, t ...
)
*Pacheozersky (Vystavka)
*Peschansky (Grigorovo)
*Revazhsky (Medvedka)
*Savvatievsky (Savvatiya)
*
Solvychegodsky (
Solvychegodsk
Solvychegodsk (russian: Сольвычего́дск, lit. "salt on the Vychegda River") is a town in Kotlassky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right-hand bank of the Vychegda River northeast of Kotlas, the administra ...
)
*Udimovsky (Udimsky)
*Udimsky (Kuimikha)
*Votlazhemsky (
Vystavka)
*Zabelinsky (Fedotovskaya)
Municipal divisions
As a
municipal division, the district is incorporated as Kotlassky Municipal District.
The town of oblast significance of Kotlas is incorporated separately from the district as Kotlas Urban Okrug.
The municipal district is divided into three urban settlements and one rural settlement (the administrative centers are given in parentheses):
*Privodinskoye Urban Settlement (Privodino)
*Solvychegodskoye Urban Settlement (Solvychegodsk)
*Shipitsynskoye Urban Settlement (Shipitsyno)
*Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement (
Kotlas
Kotlas (russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:
Kotlas is the third largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Ar ...
)
Economy
Industry
In 2010, timber industry accounted for 90.3% of the total industrial output of the district.
Agriculture
In 2010, there were ninety-six farms in the district, producing meat (beef and pork), milk, cereals, and potatoes.
Transportation
Kotlas is an important railway hub, where the railway to Kirov branches off southeast from the main railway, connecting
Konosha
Konosha (russian: Коноша) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administr ...
and
Vorkuta
Vorkuta (russian: Воркута́; kv, Вӧркута, ''Vörkuta''; Nenets for "the abundance of bears", "bear corner") is a coal-mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic Circle in the Pechora coal basin at ...
(in the
Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (russian: Республика Коми; kv, Коми Республика), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. Its capital is the city of Syktyvkar. The population of the ...
).
The Northern Dvina and the Vychegda Rivers are navigable; there is regular passenger navigation on the Vychegda.
Roads connect Kotlas with
Veliky Ustyug
Veliky Ustyug (russian: Вели́кий У́стюг) is a town in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast at the confluence of the Sukhona and Yug Rivers. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 31,665.
Veliky U ...
(and eventually Vologda and Kostroma) to the south, Syktyvkar to the east, and
Krasnoborsk (eventually
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (, ; rus, Арха́нгельск, p=ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies o ...
) to the north. There are also local roads. There is regular passenger bus traffic originating from Kotlas.
Privodino has an oil-pumping station in the
Baltic Pipeline System
The Baltic Pipeline System (BPS) is a Russian oil transport system operated by the oil pipeline company Transneft. The BPS transports oil from the Timan-Pechora region, West Siberia and Urals-Volga regions to Primorsk oil terminal at the eastern ...
.
Culture and recreation
The district contains nine objects of cultural heritage protected at the federal level (all of them in Solvychegodsk), and additionally fifty-two monuments of history and architecture of local importance (thirty-three of them in Solvychegodsk). Most of these are brickstone churches built prior to 1917. The federal list of cultural heritage includes the following Solvychegodsk ensembles:
*former
Presentation Monastery, including the
Presentation Church (1688—1712), one of the five surviving
Stroganov baroque churches
*former
Annunciation Cathedral (1560—1584) with the adjacent bell-tower
*
Church of the Holy Mandylion (Spaso-Obydenskaya Church, 1691—1697)
*
Pyankov House (19th century)
The biggest museum in the district,
Solvychegodsk Museum of Art and History, is housed in the former Annunciation Cathedral in Solvychegodsk. There is also a small private museum devoted to the fictional author
Kozma Prutkov
Kozma Petrovich Prutkov (russian: Козьма́ Петро́вич Прутко́в) is a fictional author invented by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (1817-1875) and his cousins, the brothers Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov (1821-1908), (1830-1884) and ...
, who, according to the official biography, was born in Solvychegodsk. In the village of
Medvedki Medvedki (russian: Медведки) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.
Arkhangelsk Oblast
As of 2022, one rural locality in Arkhangelsk Oblast bears this name:
*Medvedki, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Votlazhemsky Selsoviet o ...
there is the museum devoted to the Soviet naval officer
Nikolay Kuznetsov, who was born in Medvedki and eventually reached the ranks of the Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Forces.
Sport
It has a youth
bandy
Bandy is a winter sport and ball sport played by two teams wearing ice skates on a large ice surface (either indoors or outdoors) while using sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal. The international governing body for bandy is ...
team called Salyut-Vychegda.
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
{{Use mdy dates, date=May 2012
Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast
States and territories established in 1924