:Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of '' Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''.

Description

Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual or perennial herbaceous plants, growing from taproots. The flowers are arranged in terminal or axillary inflorescences. The flowers have pale tepals: white, greenish to yellowish white or pink. The seeds are borne in

achene An achene (; ), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not ope ...

s that are usually brown or black in colour and not winged.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Koenigia'' was erected by Carl Linnaeus in 1767, initially for the type species ''

Koenigia islandica ''Koenigia islandica'' is a species of annual flowering plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae and is the type species of the genus ''Koenigia''. It is a very small plant and is found growing on wet gravel and scree in arctic tundra and alpi ...

''. The boundaries between genera in the family Polygonaceae, and the relationships among them, have long been a problem. At one time, many species were placed in the genus '' Polygonum''. ''Koenigia'' is placed in the subfamily Polygonoideae, tribe Persicarieae, whose taxonomic history has been described as "exceptionally convoluted, even by Polygonaceae standards". A

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

study of the subfamily Polygonoideae in 2015 showed that the genus ''Koenigia'' was polyphyletic with respect to the genus ''Aconogonon''. An earlier study had reached a similar conclusion, and had suggested that extra genera be created to maintain

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

taxa. The authors of the 2015 study preferred the alternative of merging the two genera, a proposal accepted by other sources. Using broad circumscriptions of the genera, the 2015 study suggested that relationships within the tribe Persicarieae were:

Species

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

accepted the following species: *''

Koenigia alaskana ''Koenigia alaskana'' (synonym ''Aconogonon alaskanum'', ''Persicaria alpina'') is an Asian and North American species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common names Alaska wild-rhubarb and alpine knotweed. Description Thi ...

'' (Small) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia alpina ''Koenigia alpina'' (synonym ''Aconogonon alpinum''), commonly known as alpine knotweed, is similar to '' Koenigia alaskana'', but differs in leaf size and achene characteristics. It is native to Europe and temperate Asia. It is one of the pare ...

'' (All.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *'' Koenigia campanulata'' (Hook.f.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia cathayana :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (A.J.Li) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia chuanzangensis :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' Z.Z.Zhou & Y.J.Min *''

Koenigia coriaria :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Grig.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia cyanandra :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Diels) Mesícek & Soják *''

Koenigia davisiae ''Koenigia davisiae'' is a flowering plant in the knotweed family that is known by the common names Davis' knotweed or Newberry knotweed. Distribution ''Koenigia davisiae'' is native to the western United States from Washington, Oregon, and cen ...

'' (W.H.Brewer ex A.Gray) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia delicatula :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Meisn.) H.Hara *''

Koenigia divaricata :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (L.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal * ''Koenigia'' × ''fennica'' f(Reiersen) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia fertilis :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' Maxim. *''

Koenigia filicaulis :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Wall. ex Meisn.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *'' Koenigia forrestii'' (Diels) Mesícek & Soják *''

Koenigia hedbergii :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' Bo Li & W.Du *''

Koenigia hookeri :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Meisn.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

'' L. *''

Koenigia jurii :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annu ...

'' (A.K.Skvortsov) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia lichiangensis :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (W.W.Sm.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia limosa :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Kom.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia mollis ''Koenigia mollis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae, native to the eastern Himalayas and Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ ...

'' (D.Don) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia nepalensis :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' D.Don *''

Koenigia nummularifolia :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Meisn.) Mesícek & Soják *''

Koenigia ocreata :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (L.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia panjutinii :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Kharkev.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia phytolaccifolia ''Koenigia phytolaccifolia'' (synonym ''Aconogonon phytolaccifolium'') is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family, known by the common name poke knotweed. Description ''Koenigia phytolaccifolia'' is a perennial herb up to tall. The ...

'' (Meisn. ex Small) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia pilosa :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annu ...

'' Maxim. *''

Koenigia polystachya ''Koenigia polystachya'' is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family, known by the common names Himalayan knotweed and cultivated knotweed. It has several regularly used synonyms, including ''Polygonum polystachyum'', ''Aconogonon pol ...

'' (Wall. ex Meisn.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia relicta :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Kom.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia rumicifolia :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Royle ex Bab.) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia songarica :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (Schrenk) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia tortuosa :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annu ...

'' (D.Don) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia tripterocarpa :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (A.Gray) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *'' Koenigia weyrichii'' (F.Schmidt) T.M.Schust. & Reveal *''

Koenigia yatagaiana :Koenigia'' as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of ''Dombeya. ''Koenigia'' is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus ''Aconogonon'' has been merged into ''Koenigia''. Description Species of ''Koenigia'' are annual ...

'' (T.Mori) T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung

Distribution and habitat

''Koenigia'' species are found in meadows, along stream banks, or on rocky slopes in arctic, temperate and alpine regions of the

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2031320, from2=Q4059723 Polygonaceae genera Polygonoideae Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus