Kneiphof Gymnasium, with in the background">Königsberg Cathedral in the background
Kneiphof Gymnasium (german: Kneiphöfisches Gymnasium) was a
gymnasium in the
Kneiphof
Coat of arms of Kneiphof
Postcard of Kneiphöfsche Langgasse
Reconstruction of Kneiphof in Kaliningrad's museum
Kneiphof (russian: Кнайпхоф; pl, Knipawa; lt, Knypava) was a quarter of central Königsberg (Kaliningrad). During the M ...
quarter of
Königsberg
Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
.
History
A
cathedral school, the ''schola cathedralis'' or ''Domschule'', was established on Heiligengeistgasse in
Altstadt
''Altstadt'' is the German language word for "old town", and generally refers to the historical town or city centre within the old town or city wall, in contrast to younger suburbs outside. '' Neustadt'' (new town), the logical opposite of ''Alt ...
in 1304.
[Albinus, p. 163] After construction of
Königsberg Cathedral
, infobox_width =
, image = Kaliningrad 05-2017 img04 Kant Island.jpg
, image_size =
, alt =
, caption = Front (west side) of the cathedral
, map_type =
, map_ ...
began on the island of Kneiphof in 1333, the school was relocated north of the new cathedral.
The school was separated from the cathedral in 1528 during the
Reformation
The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...
, with oversight passing to Kneiphof's town council. The Protestant theologian
Martin Chemnitz
Martin Chemnitz (9 November 1522 – 8 April 1586) was an eminent second-generation German, Evangelical Lutheran, Christian theologian, and a Protestant reformer, churchman, and confessor. In the Evangelical Lutheran tradition he is known as ...
taught at the school before receiving his degree from the
University of Königsberg in 1548. It was occupied by students protesting the appointment of
Johann Campinge as director in 1554.
Kneiphof's school was relocated south of the cathedral in 1560.
The poet
Simon Dach
Simon Dach (29 July 1605 – 15 April 1659) was a German lyrical poet and hymnwriter, born in Memel, Duchy of Prussia (now Klaipėda in Lithuania).
Early life
Although brought up in humble circumstances (his father was a poorly paid court int ...
served as deputy headmaster from 1633 to 1639.
A building for poor students was constructed nearby in 1644.
Kneiphof's
Latin school was reorganized as a ''Bürgerschule'' on 25 February 1810 and then as a
humanistic
Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry.
The meaning of the term "humani ...
gymnasium on 21 August 1831. Kneiphof Gymnasium moved into a new structure north of the cathedral in 1865. Fridolin Ludwig Hermann von Drygalski, the father of explorer
Erich von Drygalski
Erich Dagobert von Drygalski (; February 9, 1865 – January 10, 1949) was a German geographer, geophysicist and polar scientist, born in Königsberg, East Prussia.
Between 1882 and 1887, Drygalski studied mathematics and natural science at t ...
, led the gymnasium from 1870 to 1900.
[Albinus, p. 70] The director founded a literary club ca. 1890; the club's participants included
Carl Bulcke Carl may refer to:
*Carl, Georgia, city in USA
*Carl, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
* Carl (name), includes info about the name, variations of the name, and a list of people with the name
*Carl², a TV series
* "Carl", an episode of te ...
,
Paul Wegener
Paul Wegener (11 December 1874 – 13 September 1948) was a German actor, writer, and film director known for his pioneering role in German expressionist cinema.
Acting career
At the age of 20, Wegener decided to end his law studies and conce ...
,
Roderich Warkentin, and Adolf Petrenz.
[Gause II, p. 715] The school's last connection with the cathedral was the inclusion of the organist as part of singing lessons, but this ended in 1896. The gymnasium's expansion in 1898 included a new gym.
Richard Armstedt
Richard Armstedt
Richard Armstedt (10 November 1851 – 14 April 1931) was a German philologist, educator, and historian.
Armstedt, a native of Osterburg, Prussian Saxony, received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Tübing ...
was the school's director from 1900 to 1921.
The sons of Königsberg's Jewish merchants often attended Kneiphof Gymnasium, while the sons of higher educated Jews, such as lawyers, doctors, and journalists, were more likely to attend
Altstadt Gymnasium Altstadt Gymnasium
Altstadt Gymnasium (german: Altstädtisches Gymnasium) was a German secondary school in the Altstadt quarter of Königsberg, Germany.
History
A parochial school () was established ca. 1333Albinus, p. 21 or 1335Wiese, p. 150 by ...
.
Kneiphof Gymnasium had approximately 200 students in 1586, approximately 300 students in 1650, 430 students in 1878, and 405 students in 1904.
It was merged with Altstadt Gymnasium to form the combined
Stadtgymnasium Altstadt-Kneiphof
Stadtgymnasium Altstadt-Kneiphof was a ''Gymnasium (Germany), Gymnasium'' in the Kneiphof quarter of Königsberg, Germany.
History
Despite some resistance,Gause, p. 76 the school was established by merging Altstadt Gymnasium and Kneiphof Gymnasi ...
on 6 January 1923, with classes held in Kneiphof instead of Altstadt.
The building was destroyed during the 1944
bombing of Königsberg in World War II
The bombing of Königsberg was a series of attacks made on the city of Königsberg in East Prussia during World War II. The Soviet Air Force had made several raids on the city since 1941. Extensive attacks carried out by RAF Bomber Command destro ...
.
Notable people
Faculty
*
Richard Armstedt
Richard Armstedt
Richard Armstedt (10 November 1851 – 14 April 1931) was a German philologist, educator, and historian.
Armstedt, a native of Osterburg, Prussian Saxony, received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Tübing ...
(1851–1931), philologist
*
Martin Chemnitz
Martin Chemnitz (9 November 1522 – 8 April 1586) was an eminent second-generation German, Evangelical Lutheran, Christian theologian, and a Protestant reformer, churchman, and confessor. In the Evangelical Lutheran tradition he is known as ...
(1522–1586), theologian
*
Leo Cholevius
Leo or Léo may refer to:
Acronyms
* Law enforcement officer
* Law enforcement organisation
* ''Louisville Eccentric Observer'', a free weekly newspaper in Louisville, Kentucky
* Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity
Arts an ...
(1814–1878), philologist
*
Simon Dach
Simon Dach (29 July 1605 – 15 April 1659) was a German lyrical poet and hymnwriter, born in Memel, Duchy of Prussia (now Klaipėda in Lithuania).
Early life
Although brought up in humble circumstances (his father was a poorly paid court int ...
(1605–1659), poet
*
Georg Lejeune-Dirichlet
Georg may refer to:
* ''Georg'' (film), 1997
*Georg (musical), Estonian musical
* Georg (given name)
* Georg (surname)
* , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker
See also
* George (disambiguation)
George may refer to:
People
* George (given name)
* G ...
(1858–1920), pedagogue
*
Georg Christoph Pisanski
Georg may refer to:
* ''Georg'' (film), 1997
*Georg (musical), Estonian musical
* Georg (given name)
* Georg (surname)
* , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker
See also
* George (disambiguation)
George may refer to:
People
* George (given name)
* G ...
(1725–1790), theologian
Students
*
Paul Adloff
Paul may refer to:
*Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name)
*Paul (surname), a list of people
People
Christianity
*Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chris ...
(1870–1944), dentist and anthropologist
*
Robert Caspary
Johann Xaver Robert Caspary (29 January 1818 – 18 September 1887) was a German botanist.
Caspary was born in Königsberg. He studied theology and philosophy at the University of Königsberg and was educated in sciences at the University of ...
(1818–1887), botanist
*
Ludwig Clericus
Ludwig may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Ludwig (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Ludwig (surname), including a list of people
* Ludwig Ahgren, or simply Ludwig, American YouTube live streamer and co ...
(1827–1892), heraldist
*
Lovis Corinth (1858–1925), painter
*
Georg Evert
Georg may refer to:
* ''Georg'' (film), 1997
*Georg (musical), Estonian musical
* Georg (given name)
* Georg (surname)
* , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker
See also
* George (disambiguation)
George may refer to:
People
* George (given name)
* G ...
(1856–1914), statistician
*
Gustav von Goßler (1838–1902), politician
*
Robert Hagen (1815–1858), chemist
*
Johann Gustav Hermes
Johann Gustav Hermes (20 June 1846 – 8 June 1912) was a German mathematician. Hermes is known for completion of a polygon with 65,537 sides.
Early life
On 20 June 1846, Hermes was born in Königsberg, a former German city (presently Kalining ...
(1846–1912), mathematician
*
Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887), physicist
*
Karl von Lehndorff (1826–1883), diplomat
*
Ernst Richard Neumann (1875–1955), mathematician
*
Roderich Warkentin (1872–1902), professor
*
Paul Wegener
Paul Wegener (11 December 1874 – 13 September 1948) was a German actor, writer, and film director known for his pioneering role in German expressionist cinema.
Acting career
At the age of 20, Wegener decided to end his law studies and conce ...
(1874–1948), actor
*
Ernst Wichert
Ernst Alexander August George Wichert (11 March 1831 – 21 January 1902) was a German lawyer, judge, and author.
Biography
Wichert was born in Insterburg, Prussia, (today Chernyakhovsk, Russia) and attended schools in Pillau and Königsberg.
He ...
(1831–1902), jurist
*
August Wittich (1826–1897), archivist
*
Arthur Zimmermann
Arthur Zimmermann (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1940) was State Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the German Empire from 22 November 1916 until his resignation on 6 August 1917. His name is associated with the Zimmermann Telegram during World War ...
(1864–1940), diplomat
Notes
References
*
*
*
*
{{Authority control
1300s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1304 establishments in Europe
Buildings and structures in Germany destroyed during World War II
Education in Königsberg
Educational institutions established in the 14th century
Educational institutions disestablished in 1923
Former buildings and structures in Königsberg
Defunct schools in Germany
Gymnasiums in Germany