The Kirthar National Park ( ur, ),
Sindhi (کيرٿرنيشنل پارڪ) is situated in the
Kirthar Mountains
The Kirthar Mountains ( ur, كوه کھیرتھر; sd, کير ٿر جبل) are a mountain range that mark the boundary between the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, and which comprise much of the Kirthar National Park. The mountain ra ...
in
Jamshoro District
Jamshoro District ( sd, ضلعو ڄام شورو, ur, ), is a district of Sindh province, Pakistan. Jamshoro city is the capital while Kotri is the largest city of the Jamshoro District. The district borders Dadu district to the north. To the e ...
in
Sindh
Sindh (; ; ur, , ; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province ...
,
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
. The park was established in 1974, and encompasses over - making it the third largest national park in Pakistan by size after the
Central Karakoram National Park
Central Karakoram National Park ( ur, ) is a national park located in Skardu district of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan. It encompasses some of the world’s highest peaks and largest glaciers. Internationally renowned for mountaineering, rock ...
and
Hingol National Park
Hingol National Park or Hungol National Park ( ur, ) is the largest national park in Pakistan, located in the Makran coastal region. The park covers an area of about and is located 190 km from Karachi in the three districts of Gwadar, Lasbe ...
. The park is accessible by four-wheel-drive vehicles and two rest houses belonging to the
Sindh Wildlife Department
The fauna of Sindh live in an area with a semi arid climate. With its coastal and riverine forests, its huge fresh water lakes, mountains and deserts, Sindh supports a large and varied wildlife population.
Habitat and wildlife
Due to the climate ...
are available for tourist accommodation.
The park's fauna comprises
Persian leopard
''Panthera pardus tulliana'' is a leopard subspecies native to the Iranian Plateau and surrounding areas encompassing Turkey, the Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and possibly Pakistan. Since 2016, i ...
s,
striped hyenas,
Indian wolves
The Indian wolf (''Canis lupus pallipes'') is a subspecies of gray wolf that ranges from Southwest Asia to the Indian Subcontinent. It is intermediate in size between the Himalayan wolf and the Arabian wolf, and lacks the former's luxuriant wint ...
,
ratel
The honey badger (''Mellivora capensis''), also known as the ratel ( or ), is a mammal widely distributed in Africa, Southwest Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Because of its wide range and occurrence in a variety of habitats, it is listed a ...
s,
urial
The urial ( ; ''Ovis vignei''), also known as the arkars or shapo, is a wild sheep native to Central and South Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
Characteristics
Urial males have large horns, curling outwards from the to ...
s,
chinkara
The chinkara (''Gazella bennettii''), also known as the Indian gazelle, is a gazelle species native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
Taxonomy
The following six subspecies are considered valid:
* Deccan chinkara (''G. b. bennettii'') ...
gazelles and rare
Sind wild goats.
Blackbuck antelope
The blackbuck (''Antilope cervicapra''), also known as the Indian antelope, is an antelope native to India and Nepal. It inhabits grassy plains and lightly forested areas with perennial water sources.
It stands up to high at the shoulder. Male ...
s are kept in enclosures for a reintroduction project.
Species
Mammals
Total species: 33. Mammals in the park include
*
Asiatic wildcat
The Asiatic wildcat (''Felis lybica ornata''), also known as the Asian steppe wildcat and the Indian desert cat, is an African wildcat subspecies that occurs from the eastern Caspian Sea north to Kazakhstan, into western India, western China and ...
, ''Felis lybica ornata''
*
Caracal
The caracal (''Caracal caracal'') () is a medium-sized wild cat native to Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and arid areas of Pakistan and northwestern India. It is characterised by a robust build, long legs, a short face, long tufted e ...
, ''Caracal caracal caracal''
*
Indian wolf
The Indian wolf (''Canis lupus pallipes'') is a subspecies of gray wolf that ranges from Southwest Asia to the Indian Subcontinent. It is intermediate in size between the Himalayan wolf and the Arabian wolf, and lacks the former's luxuriant wint ...
, ''Canis lupus pallipes''
*
Golden jackal
The golden jackal (''Canis aureus''), also called common jackal, is a wolf-like canid that is native to Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia, South Asia, and regions of Southeast Asia. The golden jackal's coat varies in color from a pale creamy y ...
, ''Canis aureus persica''
*
White-footed fox
The white-footed fox (''Vulpes vulpes pusilla''), also known as the desert fox, is a small, Asiatic subspecies of red fox which occurs throughout most of northwestern Indian subcontinent, Pakistan's desert districts from Rawalpindi to Rajasthan ...
, ''Vulpes vulpes pusilla''
*
Striped hyena, ''Hyaena hyaena hyaena''
*
Indian grey mongoose
The Indian grey mongoose (''Urva edwardsii'') is a mongoose species native to the Indian subcontinent and West Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
The grey mongoose inhabits open forests, scrublands and cultivated field ...
, ''Urva edwardsii edwardsii''
*
Honey badger
The honey badger (''Mellivora capensis''), also known as the ratel ( or ), is a mammal widely distributed in Africa, Southwest Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Because of its wide range and occurrence in a variety of habitats, it is listed ...
, ''Mellivora capensis indica''
*
Cairo spiny mouse
The Cairo spiny mouse (''Acomys cahirinus''), also known as the common spiny mouse, Egyptian spiny mouse, or Arabian spiny mouse, is a nocturnal species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Africa north of the Sahara, where its natur ...
, ''Acomys cahirinus''
*
Sand-colored soft-furred rat
The sand-colored soft-furred rat (''Millardia gleadowi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is found in India and Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country i ...
, ''Millardia gleadowi''
*
Indian bush rat
The Indian bush rat (''Golunda ellioti'') is a rodent species in the family Muridae. It is the only extant member of the genus ''Golunda'', and is the only extant member of the tribe Arvicanthini found outside of Africa.
The species is widely di ...
, ''Golunda ellioti''
*
Sind bat
The Sind bat (''Rhyneptesicus nasutus'') is a species of vesper bat and the only member of the genus ''Rhyneptesicus''. It inhabits forests and arid areas near waterbodies in southwestern Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Oman, around the coast of the Gulf ...
, ''Rhyneptesicus nasutus''
*
Sindh ibex
The Sindh ibex or Sindhi wild goat (''Capra aegagrus blythi'') is a vulnerable subspecies of wild goat endemic to southern Pakistan.
Description
Sindh ibex are rather stocky animals with thick-set bodies and strong limbs terminating in broad ho ...
, ''Capra aegagrus blythi''
*
Urial
The urial ( ; ''Ovis vignei''), also known as the arkars or shapo, is a wild sheep native to Central and South Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
Characteristics
Urial males have large horns, curling outwards from the to ...
, ''Ovis vignei blanfordi''
*
Chinkara
The chinkara (''Gazella bennettii''), also known as the Indian gazelle, is a gazelle species native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
Taxonomy
The following six subspecies are considered valid:
* Deccan chinkara (''G. b. bennettii'') ...
, ''Gazella bennettii fuscifrons''
*
Blackbuck
The blackbuck (''Antilope cervicapra''), also known as the Indian antelope, is an antelope native to India and Nepal. It inhabits grassy plains and lightly forested areas with perennial water sources.
It stands up to high at the shoulder. Mal ...
(reintroduced), ''Antilope cervicapra''
*
Arabian wolf
The Arabian wolf (''Canis lupus arabs'') is a subspecies of gray wolf native to the Arabian Peninsula, the Negev Desert, the Sinai Peninsula, and Jordan. It is the smallest wolf subspecies, and a desert-adapted subspecies that normally lives i ...
, ''Canis lupus arabs''
*
Indian pangolin
The Indian pangolin (''Manis crassicaudata''), also called thick-tailed pangolin and scaly anteater is a pangolin native to the Indian subcontinent.
Like other pangolins, it has large, overlapping scales on its body which act as armour. The colo ...
, ''Manis crassicaudata''
*
Jungle cat
The jungle cat (''Felis chaus''), also called reed cat, swamp cat and jungle lynx, is a medium-sized cat native to the Middle East, the Caucasus, South and Southeast Asia and southern China. It inhabits foremost wetlands like swamps, littora ...
, ''Felis chaus''
*
Indian hedgehog
The Indian hedgehog (''Paraechinus micropus'') is a species of hedgehog native to India and Pakistan. It mainly lives in sandy desert areas but can be found in other environments.
Description
The Indian hedgehog can be compared to the long-eare ...
, ''Paraechinus micropus''
*
Brandt's hedgehog
Brandt's hedgehog (''Paraechinus hypomelas'') is a species of desert hedgehog native to parts of the Middle East and Central Asia. Its common name derives from its having first been described by Johann Friedrich von Brandt, a director of the Zoo ...
, ''Paraechinus hypomelas''
*
Indian crested porcupine
The Indian crested porcupine (''Hystrix indica'') is a hystricomorph rodent species native to southern Asia and the Middle East. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. It belongs to the Old World porcupine family, Hystricidae.
Des ...
, ''Hystrix indica''
Birds
At least 147 species of birds have been recorded in Kirthar National Park.
Species found the park include
bearded vulture
The bearded vulture (''Gypaetus barbatus''), also known as the lammergeier and ossifrage, is a very large bird of prey and the only member of the genus ''Gypaetus''. Traditionally considered an Old World vulture, it actually forms a separate mi ...
(winter migratory),
Bonelli's eagle
The Bonelli's eagle (''Aquila fasciata'') is a large bird of prey. The common name of the bird commemorates the Italian ornithologist and collector Franco Andrea Bonelli. Bonelli is credited with gathering the type specimen, most likely from an ...
,
imperial eagle
The eagle is used in heraldry as a charge, as a supporter, and as a crest. Heraldic eagles can be found throughout world history like in the Achaemenid Empire or in the present Republic of Indonesia. The European post-classical symbolism of the ...
,
tawny eagle
The tawny eagle (''Aquila rapax'') is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family ''Accipitridae''. Its heavily feathered legs mark it as a member of the subfamily Aquilinae, also known as booted eagles.Helbig, A. J., Kocum, ...
,
golden eagle
The golden eagle (''Aquila chrysaetos'') is a bird of prey living in the Northern Hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. They are one of the best-known bird of p ...
,
griffon vulture
The Eurasian griffon vulture (''Gyps fulvus'') is a large Old World vulture in the bird of prey family Accipitridae. It may also be known as the Griffon vulture, though it may be used for the genus as a whole. It is not to be confused with Rü ...
,
Egyptian vulture
The Egyptian vulture (''Neophron percnopterus''), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken, is a small Old World vulture and the only member of the genus ''Neophron''. It is widely distributed from the Iberian Peninsula and ...
,
cinereous vulture
The cinereous vulture (''Aegypius monachus'') is a large raptor in the family Accipitridae and distributed through much of temperate Eurasia. It is also known as the black vulture, monk vulture and Eurasian black vulture. With a body length of , ...
,
laggar falcon
The laggar falcon (''Falco jugger''), also known as the lugger falcon or jugger (from Hindi जग्गर — jaggar, “falcon”) is a mid-sized bird of prey which occurs in the Indian subcontinent from extreme southeastern Iran, southeaste ...
,
red-necked falcon
The red-necked falcon (''Falco chicquera'') is a bird of prey in the falcon family with two disjunct populations, one in India and the other in Africa. This medium-sized falcon has bluish grey wings and upper body, a chestnut red cap with short c ...
,
common kestrel
The common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'') is a bird of prey species belonging to the kestrel group of the falcon family Falconidae. It is also known as the European kestrel, Eurasian kestrel, or Old World kestrel. In the United Kingdom, where no ...
,
crowned sandgrouse
The crowned sandgrouse (''Pterocles coronatus'') is a species of bird in the sandgrouse family, the Pteroclidae from North Africa and the Middle East.
Description
A fairly small sandgrouse which appears rather uniformly coloured from a distance ...
,
MacQueen's bustard
MacQueen's bustard (''Chlamydotis macqueenii'') is a large bird in the bustard family. It is native to the desert and steppe regions of Asia, west from the Sinai Peninsula extending across Kazakhstan east to Mongolia. In the 19th century, vagrant ...
,
grey partridge
The grey partridge (''Perdix perdix''), also known as the gray-legged partridge, English partridge, Hungarian partridge, or hun, is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. The scientific name ...
,
see-see partridge
The see-see partridge (''Ammoperdix griseogularis'') is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds.
This partridge has its main native range from southeast Turkey through Syria and Iraq east to ...
,
white-tailed lapwing
The white-tailed lapwing or white-tailed plover (''Vanellus leucurus'') is a wader in the lapwing genus. The genus name ''Vanellus'' is Medieval Latin for a lapwing and derives from ''vannus'' a winnowing fan. The specific ''leucurus'' is from A ...
,
chestnut-bellied sandgrouse
The chestnut-bellied sandgrouse or common sandgrouse (''Pterocles exustus'') is a species of sandgrouse. It is a sedentary and nomadic species that ranges from northern and central Africa and further east towards western and southern Asia. There a ...
,
Lichtenstein's sandgrouse
Lichtenstein's sandgrouse (''Pterocles lichtensteinii'') is a species of bird in the Pteroclidae family, which is named after Martin Lichtenstein. They are nomadic, mostly nocturnal birds, which drink before dawn and after dusk.
Range
The speci ...
,
painted sandgrouse
The painted sandgrouse (''Pterocles indicus'') is a medium large bird in the sandgrouse family Pteroclidae found in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan.
Taxonomy
The painted sandgrouse was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann F ...
,
Indian eagle-owl
The Indian eagle-owl (''Bubo bengalensis''), also called the rock eagle-owl or Bengal eagle-owl, is a large horned owl species native to hilly and rocky scrub forests in the Indian Subcontinent. It is splashed with brown and grey, and has a white ...
,
Sind woodpecker
The Sind woodpecker (''Dendrocopos assimilis'') is a species of bird in the family Picidae. It is native to Pakistan, India and southern Iran.
Description
Sind woodpeckers are similar to Syrian woodpecker in appearance, with former being small ...
,
hypocolius,
Hume's wheatear
Hume's wheatear (''Oenanthe albonigra'') is a species of bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. This black-and-white bird is found in southern Afghanistan, Iran, extreme northeast Iraq, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar and the United Arab Emi ...
,
long-billed pipit,
crested bunting
The crested bunting (''Emberiza lathami'') is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae.
Distribution and habitat
It is found from the Himalayas eastwards to highland areas of Southeast Asia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry ...
,
desert lark
The desert lark (''Ammomanes deserti'') breeds in deserts and semi-deserts from Morocco to western India. It has a very wide distribution and faces no obvious threats, and surveys have shown that it is slowly increasing in numbers as it expands ...
,
hoopoe
Hoopoes () are colourful birds found across Africa, Asia, and Europe, notable for their distinctive "crown" of feathers. Three living and one extinct species are recognized, though for many years all of the extant species were lumped as a single ...
,
grey-backed shrike
The grey-backed shrike (''Lanius tephronotus'') is a bird in the family Laniidae inhabiting South-east Asia.
Taxonomy and systematics
The grey-backed shrike was first described in 1831 by Nicholas Aylward Vigors as ''L. tephronotus'' collecte ...
, and
Indian silverbill
The Indian silverbill or white-throated munia (''Euodice malabarica'') is a small passerine bird found in the Indian Subcontinent and adjoining regions that was formerly considered to include the closely related African silverbill (''Euodice cant ...
.
Reptiles
Reptiles found the park includes
*
Indian python
The Indian python (''Python molurus'') is a large python species native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is also known by the common names black-tailed python, Indian rock python, and Asian r ...
*
Indian cobra
The Indian cobra (''Naja naja''), also known as the spectacled cobra, Asian cobra, or binocellate cobra, is a species of cobra found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan, and a member of the "big four" species that are ...
*
Russell's viper
Russell's viper (''Daboia russelii''), is a venomous snake in the family Viperidae native to the Indian subcontinent and one of the big four snakes in India. It was described in 1797 by George Shaw and Frederick Polydore Nodder, and named afte ...
*
Indian saw-scaled viper
*
Sind krait
''Bungarus sindanus'', the Sind krait, is a species of krait, a venomous elapid snake found in India, Iran, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan. Three subspecies are recognized. It can be confused with the common krait.
Description
The Sind krait ...
*
Black copper rat snake
*
Indian star tortoise
The Indian star tortoise (''Geochelone elegans'') is a threatened tortoise species native to India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka where it inhabits dry areas and scrub forest. It has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 2016, as the pop ...
*
Desert monitor
The desert monitor (''Varanus griseus'') is a species of monitor lizard of the order Squamata found living throughout North Africa and Central and South Asia. The desert monitor is carnivorous, feeding on a wide range of vertebrates and inverteb ...
*
Yellow monitor
The yellow monitor (''Varanus flavescens'') or golden monitor is a monitor lizard native to South Asia.
Description
The yellow monitor is a medium-sized monitor, measuring from snout to vent between 45 cm and 95 cm including the tail ...
*
Mugger crocodile
The mugger crocodile (''Crocodylus palustris'') is a medium-sized broad- snouted crocodile, also known as mugger and marsh crocodile. It is native to freshwater habitats from southern Iran to the Indian subcontinent, where it inhabits marshes, ...
(possible
extirpated
Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...
)
Gallery
Kirthar National Park map.png, Map of Kirthar National Park in Sindh
File:Blackbuck1-Kirthar National Park.jpg, Sindh wild goats in the park
File:Kirthar park gazelle.jpg, Chinkara
The chinkara (''Gazella bennettii''), also known as the Indian gazelle, is a gazelle species native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
Taxonomy
The following six subspecies are considered valid:
* Deccan chinkara (''G. b. bennettii'') ...
gazelle in the park
File:Cold water Spring in Kirthar National Park, Sindh, Pakistan.jpg
File:Kirthar park hill and goat.jpg, Sindh wild goats on a hill
File:Camp inside Kirthar park.jpg
File:Kirthar park hiking.jpg
File:Kirthar park lake.jpg
File:Kirthar park view 2.jpg
File:Kirthar park view from hill.jpg
File:Ranikot view.jpg, Ranikot
File:Taung tombs in Kirthar National Park.jpg, Taung
See also
*
List of national parks in Pakistan
Pakistan has 36 national parks ( ur, ). As of 2012, 25 of these are under supervision of respective provincial governments and remaining are in private care. Only some of these are under the conservation scope of International Union for Conserva ...
*
List of parks and gardens in Pakistan
This is a list of notable parks and gardens in Pakistan.
By type
Amusement parks
* Aladdin World, Karachi
* Aquafun Resort, Bahtar near Taxila
* Dino Valley Theme Park, Islamabad
* Go Aish, Karachi
* Japanese Park, Islamabad
* Jinnah Park, Rawal ...
*
List of parks and gardens in Lahore
__NOTOC__
This is a list of popular parks and gardens in Lahore, often called the ''city of gardens''.
Parks and gardens
*Shahdara Bagh
*Shalimar Gardens
*Hazuri Bagh
* Lawrence Garden
*Islamia Park
* Model Town Park
*Nasir Bagh
* Model Town Park ...
*
List of parks and gardens in Karachi {{Short description, none
The following is a list of parks and gardens in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Many of them are maintained by the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation.
Public parks
* 5B Park (Phool Bagh), North Nazimabad Town
* Afza Altaf Park
* A ...
References
External links
*
*
Kirthar National Park at Wildlife of Pakistan
{{authority control
National parks of Pakistan
Protected areas of Sindh
Jamshoro District