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Kirthar Mountains
The Kirthar Mountains ( ur, كوه کھیرتھر; sd, کير ٿر جبل) are a mountain range that mark the boundary between the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, and which comprise much of the Kirthar National Park. The mountain range forms part of the Kirthar- Sulaiman geologic province, which stretches from the Arabian Sea coast north to the Sulaiman Mountains in northwest Pakistan. The highest peak of the mountains is Zardak Peak at . Geography The mountains extend southward for about from the Mula River in east-central Balochistan to Cape Monze on the Arabian Sea. In total, the Kirthars cover an area of about 9,000 square kilometers. The Khasa Hills and Mulri Hills close to the Arabian Sea coast are sub-ranges of the Kirthar Mountains which extend into the city limits of Karachi. The mountains are drained by the Gaj River and Hub River. Mountain peaks The highest peak of the mountains is Zardak Peak at . The second tallest, Drakhel Hill, that was reporte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khirthar National Park
The Kirthar National Park ( ur, ), Sindhi (کيرٿرنيشنل پارڪ) is situated in the Kirthar Mountains in Jamshoro District in Sindh, Pakistan. The park was established in 1974, and encompasses over - making it the third largest national park in Pakistan by size after the Central Karakoram National Park and Hingol National Park. The park is accessible by four-wheel-drive vehicles and two rest houses belonging to the Sindh Wildlife Department are available for tourist accommodation. The park's fauna comprises Persian leopards, striped hyenas, Indian wolves, ratels, urials, chinkara gazelles and rare Sind wild goats. Blackbuck antelopes are kept in enclosures for a reintroduction project. Species Mammals Total species: 33. Mammals in the park include *Asiatic wildcat, ''Felis lybica ornata'' *Caracal, ''Caracal caracal caracal'' *Indian wolf, ''Canis lupus pallipes'' *Golden jackal, ''Canis aureus persica'' *White-footed fox, ''Vulpes vulpes pusilla'' * Striped h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorakh Hill
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Marri (tribe)
The Marri are a Balochi-speaking tribe of the Baloch people, who inhabit a large arid region in northeastern Balochistan, Pakistan. The Marri area is bounded to the west by the plains of Sibi. To the north are the Kakar and Loni tribes of the Pashtuns; to the east lie the lands of the Khetrans, speakers of an Indo-Aryan language, Khetrani; to the south the Bugti tribe. Traditionally, the Marri people, like other Baloch tribes, were nomads and earned their livelihood from grazing animals. Today, the Marri tribe is modernized, and only a few groups are left with a distinct cultural identity. Early history and folklore The early history of the Marri centers around the Mir Chakar Khan, the folk hero of many Baloch romances and leader of the Rind tribe. After his quarrels with the Lasharies, and after he had been driven out of Sibi by the Arghuns, Mir Chakar took refuge in what is now the present Marri country near the Manjara River. Shortly after raids, the main body of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabol
The Gabol ( ur, گبول) is a Baloch tribe having a distinct identity through the centuries, and not a branch of any other Baloch tribe. During the reign of Mir Jalal Khan, the Gabol joined the Rind Federation. Eventually, they joined Mir Chakar Khan Rind as an ally against the Lasharis. Despite their Near Eastern origin, at present, the tribe is largely settled in Karachi, and interior Sindh (Jamshoro, Dadu, Ghotki, Thatho, Sijawal, Nawab Shah, Naushehro Feroz, Tando Allahyar, Matiari, Khairpur Mirs, Sukkur, Larkana, Shikarpur, Jacobabad, Kandhkot @ Kashmore) with significant numbers in Balochistan as well as South Punjab (Rahimyar Khan, Bahawalpur, Muzafargarah, Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur) and KPK (Dera Ismail Khan). Etymology According to a narrative گبول بچھ دیزک, found among the Gabols of Kirthar (کير ٿر جبل), the word ''Gabol'' means "castellated". M.K. Pikolin translated it as "valiant" or "strong". In this context, Edward Lipinski, an aut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burfat
Burfat (Urdu: برفات) is the name of a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh provinces of Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar .... References {{Baloch tribes Ethnic groups in Pakistan Baloch tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baloch People
The Baloch or Baluch ( bal, بلۏچ, Balòc) are an Iranian peoples, Iranian people who live mainly in the Balochistan region, located at the southeasternmost edge of the Iranian plateau, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in India, Turkmenistan, and the Arabian Peninsula. The Baloch people mainly speak Balochi language, Balochi, a Western Iranian languages, Northwestern Iranian language, despite their contrasting location on the southeastern side of the Greater Iran, Persosphere. The majority of Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total ethnic Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number reside in Punjab, Pakistan, Pakistani Punjab. They make up nearly 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, and around 2% of the populations of both Iran and Afghanista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindhi People
Sindhis ( sd, سنڌي Perso-Arabic: सिन्धी Devanagari; ) are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group who speak the Sindhi language and are native to the province of Sindh in Pakistan. After the partition of British Indian empire in 1947, many Sindhi Hindus and Sindhi Sikhs migrated to the newly independent Dominion of India and other parts of the world. Pakistani Sindhis are predominantly Muslim with a smaller Sikh and Hindu minority, whereas Indian Sindhis are predominantly Hindu with a Sikh, Jain and Muslim minority. Sindhi people have been native to Sindh throughout history, apart from that their historical region has always came from the South-eastern side of Balochistan, the Bahawalpur region of Punjab and the Kutch region of Gujarat, India. The Sindhi diaspora is growing around the world, especially in the Middle East, owing to better employment opportunities. Etymology The name Sindhi is derived from the Sanskrit ''Sindhu'' which translates as river or seabod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chhutta
Chhutto Baloch Qabila is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan, Sindh. Panjab The people who cultivate the Crown lands of Kalat in various niahats in Jhalawan are known as the Khan's ''ulus'' or subjects, and, with a few exceptions, are under the direct administrative control of His Highness' officials and have no direct concern with the tribal Chiefs. As per a 1901 study, out of the 6,245 members of this class 2,087 are Chhuttas inhabiting the Kirthar Range The Kirthar Mountains ( ur, كوه کھیرتھر; sd, کير ٿر جبل) are a mountain range that mark the boundary between the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, and which comprise much of the Kirthar National Park. The mountain ... and Dariaro in Balochistan on the Sindh, and 468 are Marris. The Chhutto Baloch community lives in Sindh, Punjab, Balochistan and also in Saudi Arabia, Oman yaman sham Qatar, Dubai and Iran. 26 sub-castes make up this tribe, including Kandani, Halani, Bahloolzai, Banglani, Mehrabani, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', "dawn") and (''kainós'', "new") and refers to the "dawn" of modern ('new') fauna that appeared during the epoch. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the Eocene is marked by a brief period in which the concentration of the carbon isotope Carbon-13, 13C in the atmosphere was exceptionally low in comparison with the more common isotope Carbon-12, 12C. The end is set at a major extinction event called the ''Grande Coupure'' (the "Great Break" in continuity) or the Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, which may be related to the impact of one or more large bolides in Popigai impact structure, Siberia and in what is now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shale
Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4) and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite.Blatt, Harvey and Robert J. Tracy (1996) ''Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic'', 2nd ed., Freeman, pp. 281–292 Shale is characterized by its tendency to split into thin layers ( laminae) less than one centimeter in thickness. This property is called '' fissility''. Shale is the most common sedimentary rock. The term ''shale'' is sometimes applied more broadly, as essentially a synonym for mudrock, rather than in the more narrow sense of clay-rich fissile mudrock. Texture Shale typically exhibits varying degrees of fissility. Because of the parallel orientation of clay mineral flakes in shale, it breaks into thin layers, often splintery and usually parallel to the otherwise indistinguishable beddin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alluvium
Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is typically geologically young and is not consolidated into solid rock. Sediments deposited underwater, in seas, estuaries, lakes, or ponds, are not described as alluvium. Floodplain alluvium can be highly fertile, and supported some of the earliest human civilizations. Definitions The present consensus is that "alluvium" refers to loose sediments of all types deposited by running water in floodplains or in alluvial fans or related landforms. However, the meaning of the term has varied considerably since it was first defined in the French dictionary of Antoine Furetière, posthumously published in 1690. Drawing upon concepts from Roman law, Furetière defined ''alluvion'' (the F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
