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Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later
princely state
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj, British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, ...
(1849-1948) in the
Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi
Chandel dynasty.Raja Bir Chand 697-730 was the founder of the state but it was named as Kahlur only after the Construction of Kahlur Fort by Raja Kahal Chand around 890-930CE and Raja
Anand Chand
His Highness Raja Sir Anand Chand (26 January 1913 – 12 October 1983) was the 44th Raja of Bilaspur. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Bihar in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian Natio ...
the 44th Raja was the last ruler.
The state was Earlier known as
Kahlur
Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later princely state (1849-1948) in the Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi Chandel dynasty.Raja Bir Chand 697-730 was the fou ...
Riyasat and was later renamed
Bilaspur.
[States before 1947 A-J]
/ref> It covered an area of , on the name of River Bias (from Biaspur later became Bilaspur) and had a population of 100,994 according to the 1931 Census of India
The Census of India prior to independence was conducted periodically from 1865 to 1941. The censuses were primarily concerned with administration and faced numerous problems in their design and conduct ranging from the absence of house numbering ...
. The last ruler of Bilaspur State acceded to the Indian Union on 12 October 1948.
Bilaspur State remained Bilaspur Province Bilaspur may refer to:
Places in India
* Bilaspur, Bihar, a village in Mairwa community development block
* Bilaspur district, Chhattisgarh
** Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, administrative headquarters of the district
** Bilaspur (Lok Sabha constituency) ...
in independent India until 1950 when the province was briefly renamed "Bilaspur State" before it was merged with Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (; ; "Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks ...
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
as a district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
in 1954.[Social, cultural, and economic history of Himachal Pradesh By Manjit Singh Ahluwalia]
/ref>
In the pre-partitioned Punjab
Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...
, the Raja
''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested f ...
of Kahlur
Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later princely state (1849-1948) in the Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi Chandel dynasty.Raja Bir Chand 697-730 was the fou ...
( Bilaspur) elevated the Kolis
The Koli is an Indian caste found in Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Odisha and Jammu and Kashmir states in India. Koli is an agriculturist caste of Gujarat but in coastal areas they ...
to the status of Kshatriya
Kshatriya ( hi, क्षत्रिय) (from Sanskrit ''kṣatra'', "rule, authority") is one of the four varna (social orders) of Hindu society, associated with warrior aristocracy. The Sanskrit term ''kṣatriyaḥ'' is used in the con ...
and he wanted them to serve in his army and Raja did so.
History
According to local Oral Tradition and Records during the reign of Raja Harihar Chand a new state was founded around 697 CE by his son First Ruler Raja Bir Chand. After Raja Kahal Chand had built Kahlur Fort
Kahlur Fort is situated in erstwhile princely state of Kahlur (also known as Bilaspur) in Himachal Pradesh.
The state was founded in/ around 697 by Bir Chand. HANDEL RAJPUT RULERSlater Kahal Chand had built a fort, which was named after him, a ...
the state was named after as Kahlur(probably from Kahal-pur) and the Ruling Chandel Dynasty of Kahlur Chandel may refer to:
Places
* Chandel, Manipur, a town in Manipur, India
* Chandel district, a district in Manipur, India
People
* Ashok Kumar Singh Chandel, Indian politician
* Pushpendra Singh Chandel, Indian politician
* Raj Bahadur Singh Cha ...
was also Known as Kahluria.
Initially the capital of the state was at a place named Jandbari — now in Hoshiarpur district
Hoshiarpur district is a district of Punjab, India, Punjab state in northern India. Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with Gurdaspur district in ...
— and then it was transferred to Kahlur Fort, but was later moved permanently to present town Bilaspur[ by Dip Chand, the 32nd ]Raja
''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested f ...
of Kahlur ()
Raja Bhim Chand
Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later princely state (1849-1948) in the Punjab Province (British India), Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi Chandel (Rajput clan ...
who succeeded Raja Deep Chand fought Battle of Nadaun
The Battle of Nadaun was fought at Nadaun, between Raja Bhim Chand Chandel of Bilaspur (Kahlur) and the Mughals under Alif Khan. Raja Bhim Chand Chandel was supported by Guru Gobind Singh (the tenth Sikh Guru) and the Mughals were supported ...
against Mughals
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...
and came out victorious.Mughals
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...
under Alif Khan were supported by Raja of Kangra and Raja Dayal of Bijarwal
When Raja Bhim Chand
Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later princely state (1849-1948) in the Punjab Province (British India), Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi Chandel (Rajput clan ...
abdicated in 1692 to lead a life of sanyasi the state was at previously unknown heights.
The reign of Bhim Chand
Bilaspur State or Kahlur State, sometimes Kahloor Riyasat, was a kingdom (697-1849) and later princely state (1849-1948) in the Punjab Province (British India), Punjab Province ruled by a separate branch of Chandravanshi Chandel (Rajput clan ...
's son Ajmer Chand was of conquest as well. By the end of his forty years reign the number of states paying tribute was considerable: Baghal State
Baghal was one of the Princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. It covers an area of and is now part of Arki Tehsil in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh state. Baghal was founded by Rana Aje De in 1310-40 and was acc ...
, Baghat
Baghat was a princely state of the British Raj, located in modern-day Himachal Pradesh. It constituted one of the Simla Hill States. It consisted of three separate parts which were almost entirely surrounded by the larger Patiala territory. The ...
, Keonthal
Keonthal State, covering an area of 482 km2, was one of the Princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. Its capital was Junga. Keonthal acceded to India on 15 April 1948. Currently, it is part of the Indian state of Himachal ...
, Beja, Mangal, Bhajji
Pakora () is a spiced fritter originating from the Indian subcontinent. They are sold by street vendors and served in restaurants in South Asia and UK. It consists of items, often vegetables such as potatoes and onions, coated in seasoned gra ...
, Mahlog
Mehlog or Mah(i)log was a princely state of India before and during the colonial British Raj. In 1940 it had a population of 8,631 and an area of . The capital city was Patta.
On 15 April 1948 Mahlog acceded to the Indian Union. Later it was ...
, Dhami, Kuthar, Kotkhai
Kotkhai is a town and a nagar panchayat in Shimla district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.The name Kotkhai is derived from Hindi and Urdu language where the name "Kot" means Kings Palace and "Khai" means depth, therefore "Kotkhai" means ...
, Kunihar
Kunihar is a valley town in the Solan district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, which is also known as "Hatkot" and "Choti Vilayat." Kunihar is situated, alongside Kuni Rivulet,a small river or Khad in shape of garland or Har so is th ...
, Balsan, and Nehra among others. All continued to pay tribute until Mahan Chand reign 1778 but by 1790 only Mangal State
Mangal is a former princely state in north India ruled by Chandravanshi Sen Rajputs.Mangal state like Mandi State was an off shoot of Suket State. Rana Surender Singh is its present head.
Its territory, presently in Himachal Pradesh, was only 3 ...
continued to acknowledge Bilaspur'so suzerainty.
Since the 18th-century the rulers of Bilaspur State patronised artists of the Kangra painting
Kangra painting (Hindi: कांगड़ा चित्रकारी) is the pictorial art of Kangra, named after the Kangra State, a former princely state of Himachal Pradesh, which patronized the art. It became prevalent with the fading ...
style.
Bilaspur State came under British protection in 1815 under Raja Mahan Chand and became one of the Simla Hill States
The Hill States of India were princely states lying in the northern border regions of the British Indian Empire.
History
During the colonial Raj period, two groups of princely states in direct relations with the Province of British Punja ...
. Raja Anand Chand
His Highness Raja Sir Anand Chand (26 January 1913 – 12 October 1983) was the 44th Raja of Bilaspur. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Bihar in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian Natio ...
was the last ruler of the princely state and Pandit Sant Ram was the last Home Minister. As Bilaspur acceded to India on 28 October 1948, Bilaspur retained an independent identity as a separate province and as a part-C State of India. The Raja was appointed commissioner of the State. In following years after Raja resigned his deputy Chhabra, who was appointed by govt of India, helped run the temporary govt of Bilaspur while the territory of the princely state was politically integrated into the Indian Union.
From 26 January 1950 Bilaspur was administered by the Government of India
The Government of India (ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, c ...
as a separate C-Class state named Bilaspur State which in 1954 was incorporated into the State of Himachal Pradesh as a province.[
]
The Family
Chandel in Bilaspur belong to different branches of the ruling family.These families are numerous, and all enjoyed jagir
A jagir ( fa, , translit=Jāgir), also spelled as jageer, was a type of feudal land grant in the Indian subcontinent at the foundation of its Jagirdar (Zamindar) system. It developed during the Islamic rule era of the Indian subcontinent, start ...
pension
A pension (, from Latin ''pensiō'', "payment") is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments ...
s from state amounting in aggregate to Rs. 40,000 a year in 1933.The chief names are:
*Ajmerchandia
*Kaliyanchandia
*Tarachandia
*Sultanchandia
Rajas
#Bir Chand, founder; ()
#Udhran Chand
#Jaskarn Chand
#Madanbrahm Chand
#Ahl Chand
#Kahal Chand, 6th Raja;()
#Slar Chand
#Men Chand
#Sen Chand
#Sulkhan Chand
#Kahn Chand, 11th Raja. Conquered Hindur
Nalagarh is a city and a municipal committee, near the city of Solan in Solan district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
Geography
Nalagarh is a gateway to Himachal Pradesh in North India, from Shimla, from Delhi and from Chandigar ...
, which he created as a separate realm for his second son.
#Ajit Chand, 12th Raja (son of Khan Chand)
#Gokul Chand
#Udai Chand, ()
#Gen Chand
#Pruthvi Chand
#Sangar Chand, ()
#Megh Chand, ()
#Dev Chand
#Ahim Chand
#Abhisand Chand, ()
#Sampurn Chand ()
#Rattan Chand ()
#Narandar Chand
#Fath Chand
#Pahar Chand
#Ram Chand
#Uttam Chand
#Gyan Chand ()
#Bikram Chand ()
#Sultan Chand ()
#Kalyan Chand ()
#Tara Chand ()
#Dip Chand ()
#Bhim Chand (Kahlur)
Bhim Chand Chandel (Kahlur) was the Hindu Rajput King of Bilaspur state and Anandpur Sahib fell under his territorial area. He launched his first expedition against Guru Gobind Singh in 1682. In 1686 he conflicted with the armies of Guru Gobind S ...
()
#Ajmer Chand ()
#Devi Chand ()
#Mahan Chand ()
#Kharak Chand ()
#Jagat Chand ()
#Hira Chand ()
#Amar Chand ()
#Bijai Chand ()
#Anand Chand
His Highness Raja Sir Anand Chand (26 January 1913 – 12 October 1983) was the 44th Raja of Bilaspur. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Bihar in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian Natio ...
()
References
Further reading
* Hutchinson, J. & J. PH Vogel (1933). ''History of the Panjab Hill States'', Vol. II. 1st edition: Govt. Printing, Pujab, Lahore, 1933. Reprint 2000. Department of Language and Culture, Himachal Pradesh. Chapter XIII Bilaspur State, pp. 494–518.
*
{{Coord, 31, 19, N, 76, 50, E, source:kolossus-nowiki, display=title
States and territories established in 1815
States and territories disestablished in 1948
Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh
Rajputs
Princely states of Himachal Pradesh
7th-century establishments in India
697 establishments
1948 disestablishments in India