Karel Petrus Cornelis de Bazel (
Den Helder
Den Helder () is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Den Helder occupies the northernmost point of the North Holland peninsula. It is home to the country's main naval base.
From here the Royal TESO fe ...
, 14 February 1869—
Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
, 28 November 1923) was a modern
Dutch
Dutch commonly refers to:
* Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands
* Dutch people ()
* Dutch language ()
Dutch may also refer to:
Places
* Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States
* Pennsylvania Dutch Country
People E ...
architect, engraver, draftsman, furniture designer, carpet designer, glass artist and bookbinding designer. He was the teacher of
Adriaan Frederik van der Weij Adriaan is the Dutch and Afrikaans spelling of the given name Adrian. Before the 19th century the spelling Adriaen was also common, and people used the spelling interchangeably.
Adriaan may refer to:
People Artists
*Adriaen Backer (1635–1684), ...
and the first chairman of the
Bond van Nederlandse Architecten
Bond or bonds may refer to:
Common meanings
* Bond (finance), a type of debt security
* Bail bond, a commercial third-party guarantor of surety bonds in the United States
* Chemical bond, the attraction of atoms, ions or molecules to form chemical ...
(BNA; the Association of Dutch Architects), beginning in 1909.
Life and career
Youth, Training, and Early Career, 1869–1900
Karel de Bazel was the son of Karel Pieter Cornelis de Bazel, caretaker of the Ministry of Marine, and Petronella Elisabeth Koch.
De Bazel came from a modest background and his formal education as a youth only extended through primary school.
Much later, De Bazel began his career as an apprentice to a carpenter.
De Bazel took evening courses in architecture at the
Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten (Royal Academy of Visual Arts) in
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
,
and then took a job as a draftsman at the Nieukerken architectural firm in The Hague in 1888.
In 1889, through his brother, who worked as a
French translator at a publishing house in
Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...
, De Bazel found work as a draftsman for prominent Dutch architect
P.J.H. Cuypers
Petrus Josephus Hubertus "Pierre" Cuypers (16 May 1827 – 3 March 1921) was a Dutch architect. His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station (1881–1889) and the Rijksmuseum (1876–1885), both in Amsterdam. ...
in Amsterdam. During this period he executed perspective drawings of St. Vitus' Church in
Hilversum
Hilversum () is a city and municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. Located in the heart of the Gooi, it is the largest urban centre in that area. It is surrounded by heathland, woods, meadows, lakes, and smaller towns. Hilvers ...
and
St. Bavo's Cathedral in
Haarlem
Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland. Haarlem is situated at the northern edge of the Randstad, one of the most populated metropoli ...
,
which so impressed Cuypers that he first promoted De Bazel to head draftsman and later his chief designer, overseeing the rest of the firm. But after De Bazel became a member of the
Theosofische Vereniging (Theosophical Society) in 1894, he left Cuypers' firm, as his employer was
Catholic
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
. In 1895, De Bazel and
Johannes Ludovicus Mathieu Lauweriks formed their own independent partnership.
Between 1897 and 1902 the duo taught courses alongside
H. J. M. Walenkamp in the new
Theosophical
Theosophy is a religion established in the United States during the late 19th century. It was founded primarily by the Russian Helena Blavatsky and draws its teachings predominantly from Blavatsky's writings. Categorized by scholars of religion a ...
Vahânaloge they had founded in Amsterdam the previous year in drawing,
art history
Art history is the study of aesthetic objects and visual expression in historical and stylistic context. Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today ...
and aesthetics; the institution operated until 1931. Here they made connections between architecture,
mathematics
Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
,
nature
Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physics, physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomenon, phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. ...
, and the
cosmos
The cosmos (, ) is another name for the Universe. Using the word ''cosmos'' implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity.
The cosmos, and understandings of the reasons for its existence and significance, are studied in ...
.
Bazel was a member of
Nederlandsche Vereeniging voor Ambachts- en Nijverheidskunst
The Nederlandsche Vereeniging voor Ambachts- en Nijverheidskunst (V.A.N.K.) (Dutch Association for Craft and Industrial Art) was founded in 1904. It was founded by Jacob Pieter van den Bosch, Herman Hana, Klaas van Leeuwen, Theo Molkenboer, and Wi ...
(V.A.N.K.) the Dutch Association for Craft and Craft Art.
Mature architectural work, 1900–23
In 1904 De Bazel founded the famous Amsterdam
furniture
Furniture refers to movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., stools, chairs, and sofas), eating (tables), storing items, eating and/or working with an item, and sleeping (e.g., beds and hammocks). Fu ...
studio De Ploeg with his brother-in-law
Kees Oosschot and Klaas van Leeuwen. Along with
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
Hendrik Petrus Berlage (21 February 1856 – 12 August 1934) was a Dutch architect. He is considered one of the fathers of the architecture of the Amsterdam School.
Life and work
Hendrik Petrus Berlage, son of Nicolaas Willem Berlage and An ...
, he pioneered the Dutch architectural
rationalism
In philosophy, rationalism is the epistemological view that "regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge" or "any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification".Lacey, A.R. (1996), ''A Dictionary of Philosophy' ...
that would become characteristic of national practice during and after the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
.
His designs also began to be influenced by Eastern architecture.
During this period, De Bazel executed numerous designs around and for the municipality of
Bussum
Bussum () is a commuter town and former municipality in the Gooi region in the south east of the province of North Holland in the Netherlands near Hilversum. Since 2016, Bussum has been part of the new municipality of Gooise Meren.
Bussum had a ...
. The first of these was De Bazel's model farm
Oud Bussem (1903), located on the eponymous estate in the
Gooi
The Gooi () is an area around Hilversum, in the centre of the Netherlands. It is a slightly hilly area characterised by its green landscape, its historical charm, the wealth of its inhabitants, and its villas. The Gooi is known in the Netherlan ...
. This complex was founded by a wealthy student in response to an outbreak of
typhus
Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash. Typically these begin one to two weeks after exposure.
...
that had contaminated fresh milk that had been sold nationwide. Both Berlage and
Willem Marinus Dudok
Willem Marinus Dudok (6 July 1884 – 6 April 1974) was a Dutch modernist architect. He was born in Amsterdam. He became City Architect for the town of Hilversum in 1928 where he was best known for the brick Hilversum Town Hall, completed in ...
praised this design, calling it De Bazel's best work. In 1921, he was commissioned by the municipality of Bussum design a new residential area, the
Brediuskwartier, which remains one of the most beautiful and completely remaining examples of a residential neighborhood in the style of the
Amsterdam School
The Amsterdam School (Dutch: ''Amsterdamse School'') is a style of architecture that arose from 1910 through about 1930 in the Netherlands. The Amsterdam School movement is part of international Expressionist architecture, sometimes linked ...
style in the Netherlands.
On 17 November 2006, the district was officially designated by the government as a protected townscape. He also designed a park and workers' housing in Bussum, and other residential districts for workers and bourgeois clients alike in
Eindhoven
Eindhoven () is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the southern province of North Brabant of which it is its largest. With a population of 238,326 on 1 January 2022,[Dieren
Dieren () is a town in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in Rheden, Gelderland, between Zutphen and Arnhem, on the bank of the IJssel.
Dieren was a separate municipality until 1818, when it became a part of Rheden.
The Gazelle bicycle facto ...]
, and between 1913 and 1923 De Bazel also designed several blocks of workers' housing in the
Spaarndammerbuurt
Spaarndammerbuurt is a neighborhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_ti ...
west of the center of Amsterdam.
In 1905 De Bazel also designed an octagonal-plan World Capital complex, including a
Peace Palace
, native_name_lang =
, logo =
, logo_size =
, logo_alt =
, logo_caption =
, image = La haye palais paix jardin face.JPG
, image_size =
, image_alt =
, image_caption = The Peace Palace, The Hague
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, map_alt =
, m ...
and three academies, for the
Foundation for Internationalism
Foundation may refer to:
* Foundation (nonprofit), a type of charitable organization
** Foundation (United States law), a type of charitable organization in the U.S.
** Private foundation, a charitable organization that, while serving a good cause ...
just outside The Hague, which, however, was never executed, except for the Peace Palace. Similarly, in 1907, he designed a new district in the foothills of
Semarang
Semarang ( jv, ꦏꦸꦛꦯꦼꦩꦫꦁ , Pegon: سماراڠ) is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia. It was a major port during the Dutch colonial era, and is still an important regional center and port today. ...
in the
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which ...
(now
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
) for his friend, the
colonial
Colonial or The Colonial may refer to:
* Colonial, of, relating to, or characteristic of a colony or colony (biology)
Architecture
* American colonial architecture
* French Colonial
* Spanish Colonial architecture
Automobiles
* Colonial (1920 au ...
pharmacist and activist
Hendrik Tillema. This district was supposed to be used to improve the health and living conditions of the native
Javanese in the city, which caused the colonial government to oppose its implementation until it was extensively modified by
Thomas Karsten
Herman Thomas Karsten (22 April 1884, Amsterdam – 1945, Cimahi) was a Dutch engineer who gave major contributions to architecture and town planning in Indonesia during Dutch colonial rule. Most significantly he integrated the practice of col ...
a decade later to serve as a gentrified district for the city's wealth Dutch and Chinese elite instead. Berlage included De Bazel's designs in his 1908 Expansion Plan for The Hague but this was never directly realized, either.
Other works from this period include the building for the Nederlandse Heidemaatschappij (a Dutch environmental and infrastructure consulting and engineering firm, now called
Arcadis
Arcadis NV is a global design, engineering and management consulting company based in the Zuidas, Amsterdam, Netherlands. It currently operates in excess of 350 offices across 40 countries. The company is a member of the Next 150 index.
Arcadis ...
) in
Arnhem
Arnhem ( or ; german: Arnheim; South Guelderish: ''Èrnem'') is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands about 55 km south east of Utrecht. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of ...
, built from 1912–14, which was the first large-scale structure in the Netherlands to make use of
reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete (RC), also called reinforced cement concrete (RCC) and ferroconcrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having hig ...
. The structure is now called the
De Bazel
De Bazel is a listed/protected historic building on the west side of the Vijzelstraat in Amsterdam (at number 32), and stretches from the Herengracht to the Keizersgracht. It stands as an example of Brick Expressionism.
History
The building wa ...
after him.
De Bazel also worked on the designs for a glass factory in
Leerdam
Leerdam () is a city and former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht.
The municipality was merged with the municipalities of Vianen and Zederik on 1 January 2019. The name of the new municipality is Vijfheerenlande ...
, which beginning in 1915 engaged several artists to design utilitarian and decorative products, among them Berlage and
Frank Lloyd Wright
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years. Wright played a key role in the architectural movements o ...
.
Late in life, De Bazel designed his most famous work, the headquarters for the
Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij
The Netherlands Trading Society ( nl, Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij or NHM) was a Dutch trading and financial company, established in 1824 in The Hague by King William I to promote and develop trade, shipping and agriculture. For the next 140 ...
(NHM; Dutch Trading Company), built from 1919–26 at Vijzelstraat 32 in Amsterdam, where he also designed much of the interior. The former office building is often colloquially referred to as ''
De Bazel
De Bazel is a listed/protected historic building on the west side of the Vijzelstraat in Amsterdam (at number 32), and stretches from the Herengracht to the Keizersgracht. It stands as an example of Brick Expressionism.
History
The building wa ...
'' in his honor, and since 2007 has housed the
Amsterdam City Archives
The Amsterdam City Archives ( nl, Stadsarchief Amsterdam) preserves documents pertaining to the history of Amsterdam and provides information about the city. With archives covering a shelf-length of about 50 kilometres, the Amsterdam City Archives ...
. He also, significantly, designed the
Synagogue of Enschede, which was completed posthumously.
Other design work
De Bazel was also involved in designing furniture and utensils. Well-known examples of this are the cradle he made for
Princess Juliana of the Netherlands
Juliana (; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 until her abdication in 1980.
Juliana was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Sh ...
in 1909 and a
Pulchikast that he designed for the occasion of the marriage of
Queen Wilhelmina
Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands
The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the ...
to
Prince Hendrik in 1901.
De Bazel also designed the stamps issued in honor of the centenary of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1913, which depicted the queen and her three predecessors.
Death
Karel de Bazel died aboard a train from his home in Bussum to Amsterdam, ironically en route to the funeral of his fellow accomplished Dutch architect
Michel de Klerk
Michel de Klerk (24 November 1884, Amsterdam – 24 November 1923, Amsterdam) was a Dutch architect. Born to a Dutch Jews, Jewish family, he was one of the founding architects of the movement Amsterdam School (Expressionist architecture)
Earl ...
(who had died four days earlier), as a result of a lung condition. He was buried at
Westerveld Cemetery
Westerveld () is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands.
The municipality Westerveld was established in 1998 out of the municipalities of Diever, Dwingeloo, Havelte, and Vledder.
Westerveld is crossed by a channel, the ''Drentsche Hoofdva ...
in
Driehuis
Driehuis is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Velsen, and lies about 8 km north of Haarlem.
History
It was first mentioned in 1680 as Drie Huysen, and means "three houses". Driehuizen dev ...
.
Works
Architectural
* Project for Saint Bavo's Cathedral in Haarlem (1890)
* Saint Vitus Church and ministers' residence in Hilversum (1891—92; for PJH Cuypers)
* De Bremstruik ("The Broomstick") villa for KJL Alberdingk Thijm, in
Baarn
Baarn () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, near Hilversum in the province of Utrecht.
The municipality of Baarn
The municipality of Baarn consists of the following towns: Baarn, Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche.
The town of Baarn
Ba ...
(1900—01)
* Office building for Joannes van Woensel Kooy at Flevolaan 67,
Huizen
Huizen () is a municipality and a village in the province of North Holland, the Netherlands.
The name "Huizen" is Dutch for "houses" and this usage has been linked to the belief that the first stone houses, instead of the more common sod houses a ...
(1903)
* Hofstede dairy farm,
Naarden
Naarden () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and former List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Gooi region in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands. It has been part ...
(1904)
* Houses at Koningslaan 14 and 16, Amsterdam (1904)
* Moltzer-Boeke House, Wilhelminalaan 4, Alkmaar (1904—05)
* Ideal project for the "World Capital" at The Hague (1905—06)
* Woudoord villa in Oranjewoud, Heerenveen (1908)
* Restoration of the Rembrandt House, Jodenbreestraat 4, Amsterdam (1908—11)
* Villa at Beethovenlaan 29, Hilversum (1910)
* Heerenpoort railway station in Leiden (1911)
* CJ and J. Pabst House, Steenbergen 6,
Laren (1911)
* Villa Meentwijck, Groot Hertoginnelaan 34A, Bussum (1912)
* JC Loman House, Johannes Vermeerstraat 14, Amsterdam (1912)
* Project for
Rotterdam
Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"N ...
City Hall (1912—13)
* Nederlandse Heidemaatschappij in Arnhem (1912—14)
* House at Dam 81, Amsterdam (1913)
* De Boschkamp Farm greenhouse and coachhouse (1913)
* Villa at Oudwijkerlaan 47,
Utrecht
Utrecht ( , , ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city and a List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, pro ...
(1914)
* Steens Zijnen House, Van Lawick van Pabststraat 31, Arnhem (1916)
* Redelé villa at Parklaan 56, Eindhoven (1916)
* Workers' houses in the Spaarndammerbuurt in Amsterdam (1918—23)
* De Wyk villa for G. Mesdag,
Haren (1919)
* Office building for the Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij in Amsterdam (1919—26)
* New residential area, the Brediuskwartier, in Bussum (1921)
*
Sliedrecht
Sliedrecht () is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of of which is covered by water.
Sliedrecht is known for the many large dredging companies (including Boskal ...
Town Hall (1921—23)
* Synagogue of Enschede (after 1923)
* Workers' housing complex at Rijswijkseweg 340, The Hague (1923—25)
Other design work
* Stamp design for Amsterdam City Archives, ca. 1900
* Cover for ''
Wendingen
''Wendingen'' (Dutch language, Dutch: ''Inversion'' or ''Upheaval'', literally ''turns'') was an architecture and art magazine that appeared from 1918 to 1932. It was a monthly publication aimed at architects and interior designers. The bo ...
'', vol. 2, no. 1 (January 1919)
Gallery
Image:Bazel, Karel Pieter Cornelis, de (1869-1923), Afb 010097005723.jpg, Stamp design for the Amsterdam City Archives, ca. 1900
Image:villa_de_Bazel1.jpg, Menko-van-Dam house in Enschede
Enschede (; known as in the local Twents dialect) is a municipality and city in the eastern Netherlands in the province of Overijssel and in the Twente region. The eastern parts of the urban area reaches the border of the German city of Gronau ...
Image:Menko Dam.jpg, Cupboard for the Menko-van Dams
Image:K.P.C. de Bazel competition design city hall Rotterdam.jpg, Competition design for Rotterdam City Hall, 1912–13
Image:K.P.C. de Bazel cover Wendingen 1.jpg, Cover for ''Wendingen'', January 1919
Image:entree_villa_de_Bazel.jpg, Entrance to a villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became s ...
in Enschede
Enschede (; known as in the local Twents dialect) is a municipality and city in the eastern Netherlands in the province of Overijssel and in the Twente region. The eastern parts of the urban area reaches the border of the German city of Gronau ...
Image:synagoge_Enschede.jpg, Synagogue
A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...
in Enschede
Enschede (; known as in the local Twents dialect) is a municipality and city in the eastern Netherlands in the province of Overijssel and in the Twente region. The eastern parts of the urban area reaches the border of the German city of Gronau ...
Image:lamp_synagoge_de_Bazel.jpg, Lamp in the synagogue of Enschede
Image:Interieur de Bazel.jpg, Dining room for the Schuurman-Gentis family
Image:Glasservies de Bazel.jpg, Examples from glass service from the Leerdam glass factory
Image:Amsterdam - Arbeiderswoning Beuningenplein.jpg, Workers' homes Van Beuningenplein Amsterdam-West
Image:Zaandammerplein 9.jpg, Identical design of workers' housing in Zaandammerplein, Amsterdam-West
Image:Woudoord.jpg, Woudoord villa in Oranjewoud
Oranjewoud ( fry, Oranjewâld, literally "Orange Forest") is a small village in the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Heerenveen, Friesland. Oranjewoud had a population of 1570 in January 2017. It is known for Oranjewoud Palace.
...
, Heerenveen
Heerenveen (, fry, It Hearrenfean ) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population 50,859 (1 July). ...
(1908)
Image:DeBazelWilhelmina1913.jpg, Wilhelmina stamp (1913)
See also
*
List of Dutch architects
Following is a list of Dutch architects in alphabetical order by birth century.
Born in the 15th century
* Jan Heyns (14??–1516)
Born in the 16th century
* Bartholomeus van Bassen (c.1590–1652)
* Salomon de Bray (1597–1664)
* Ja ...
*
Modern architecture
Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form ...
*
Expressionist architecture
Expressionist architecture was an architectural movement in Europe during the first decades of the 20th century in parallel with the expressionist visual and performing arts that especially developed and dominated in Germany. Brick Expressionis ...
*
Amsterdam School
The Amsterdam School (Dutch: ''Amsterdamse School'') is a style of architecture that arose from 1910 through about 1930 in the Netherlands. The Amsterdam School movement is part of international Expressionist architecture, sometimes linked ...
*
Architecture of the Netherlands
Dutch architecture has played an important role in the international discourse on architecture in three eras. The first of these was during the 17th century, when the Dutch empire was at the height of its power. The second was in the first half ...
References
Citations
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
External links
Karel Petrus Cornelis de BazelGemeentemuseum Den Haag
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bazel, Karel de
1869 births
1923 deaths
Brick Expressionism
Dutch designers
Dutch engravers
Architects from The Hague
Engineers from Amsterdam
Dutch furniture designers
Modernist architects
Theosophists