Kalochori (

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

: Καλοχώρι, before 1926: Δοβρόλιτσα - ''Dovrolitsa'';

Macedonian Slavic Macedonian (; , , ) is an Eastern South Slavic language. It is part of the Indo-European language family, and is one of the Slavic languages, which are part of a larger Balto-Slavic branch. Spoken as a first language by around two million p ...

: Добролишта (Dobrolišta),

Bulgarian Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bul ...

: Добролища, Добролишча in the

Kostur dialect The Kostur dialect ( mk, Костурски дијалект, ''Kosturski dijalekt''), is a member of the Southwestern subgroup of the Southeastern group of dialects of the Macedonian language. This dialect is mainly spoken in and around the ...

, is a small

rural In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ...

village A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to ...

, part of the municipal unit of Kastoria, Kastoria regional unit, Greece. Kalochori is also located 14

kilometers The kilometre ( SI symbol: km; or ), spelt kilometer in American English, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for ). It is now the measurement unit used for ex ...

away from the city of

Kastoria Kastoria ( el, Καστοριά, ''Kastoriá'' ) is a city in northern Greece in the modern regions of Greece, region of Western Macedonia. It is the capital of Kastoria (regional unit), Kastoria regional unit, in the Geographic regions of Gree ...

and 14 kilometers away from the village of

Nestorio Nestorio ( el, Νεστόριο, ''Nestório''; Ancient Greek: Βάττυν; mk, Нестрам and bg, Нестрам, ''Nestram'' or Нѐсрам, ''Nésram'') is a village and a municipality in the Kastoria regional unit of Macedonia, Gre ...

. It was a part of the former municipal unit of

Mesopotamia Mesopotamia ''Mesopotamíā''; ar, بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن or ; syc, ܐܪܡ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ, or , ) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the F ...

. The village has an elevation of 721 meters above

sea The sea, connected as the world ocean or simply the ocean, is the body of salty water that covers approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. The word sea is also used to denote second-order sections of the sea, such as the Mediterranean Sea, ...

level.

History

Ottoman Empire

According to Academician Ivan Duridanov, the

etymology Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological chan ...

of the name is from the original patronymic of ishti, which comes from the personal name Dobrol In the

fifteenth century The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 ( MCDI) to 31 December 1500 ( MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Man ...

, the village had 140 names of households that were named. Families from Dobrolishta, along with Slimnitsa and Omotsko, settled in

1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...

and in the Nevrokop village of Kovachevitsa, where they formed the so-called Arnautska neighborhood. They are engaged in construction and founded the Kovachevitsa architectural-building school. In the beginning of the

20th century The 20th (twentieth) century began on January 1, 1901 ( MCMI), and ended on December 31, 2000 ( MM). The 20th century was dominated by significant events that defined the modern era: Spanish flu pandemic, World War I and World War II, nuclear ...

, the entire Christian population of Dobrolishta was under the influence of the

Patriarchate of Constantinople The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople ( el, Οἰκουμενικὸν Πατριαρχεῖον Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, translit=Oikoumenikón Patriarkhíon Konstantinoupóleos, ; la, Patriarchatus Oecumenicus Constanti ...

, but after the

Ilinden uprising Ilinden (Bulgarian/ Macedonian Cyrillic: Илинден) or Ilindan ( Serbian Cyrillic: Илиндан), meaning "Saint Elijah's Day", may refer to: Events * Republic Day (North Macedonia), 2 August Geographic locations Bulgaria * Ilinden, Blagoev ...

in the beginning of 1904 it was under the influence of the

Bulgarian Exarchate The Bulgarian Exarchate ( bg, Българска екзархия, Balgarska ekzarhiya; tr, Bulgar Eksarhlığı) was the official name of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church before its autocephaly was recognized by the Ecumenical See in 1945 and th ...

. The same year, Ottoman authorities did not allow teacher A. Naumov from Aposkep to open a

school in the village. Марков, Георги Христов. Хрупищко. Хасково, Държавен архив - Хасково, Интерфейс, 2002. ISBN 954-90993-1-8. с. 170. In October 1906, Ottoman forces succeeded in killing the

voivode Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the me ...

Nikola Dobrolitski and two of his chetniks in Dobrolishta Also in 1906, Dobrolista was attacked by Greek forces led by Nikolaos Platanias (Lahtaras).

Greece

At the outbreak of the

Balkan Wars The Balkan Wars refers to a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan States in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan States of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defe ...

1912 Events January * January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established. * January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens. * January 6 ...

, two people from Dobrolishta were volunteers in the Macedonian-Adrianople Corps. During the

Balkan wars The Balkan Wars refers to a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan States in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan States of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defe ...

, the village was occupied by Greek troops and remained in

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...

after the

. Borivoje Milojevic, a

Serbian Serbian may refer to: * someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe * someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people * Serbian language * Serbian names See also

* * * Old Serbian (disambiguat ...

geographer, wrote in his book ''Južna Makedonija'' (1921) that Dobrolishta had 30 Slavic

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

houses and 40

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

houses. The Greek census (1920) recorded 434 people in the village and in 1923 there were 198 inhabitants (or 140 families) who were Muslim. Following the

Greek-Turkish population exchange The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey ( el, Ἡ Ἀνταλλαγή, I Antallagí, ota, مبادله, Mübâdele, tr, Mübadele) stemmed from the "Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations" signed at ...

, in 1926 within Dovrolitsa there were 39 refugee families from

Pontus Pontus or Pontos may refer to: * Short Latin name for the Pontus Euxinus, the Greek name for the Black Sea (aka the Euxine sea) * Pontus (mythology), a sea god in Greek mythology * Pontus (region), on the southern coast of the Black Sea, in modern ...

. The Greek census (1928) recorded 455 village inhabitants. There were 40 refugee families (139 people) in 1928. In 1926, Dobrolishta is changed to Kalohorion which translates to good village. During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, Kalochori was in the Italian occupation zone and a subdivision of the Central Macedonian-Bulgarian Committee was established in Kalochori, headed by the Dobrolitski family. The village suffered from the

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

detachments. On May 4, 1945, Kalochori was pillaged by the Greek detachment of Andonios Amanatidis, many women and men are abused. 13 children from Kalochori, are moved out of the country by the communist authorities as refugees to the

Eastern Bloc The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc and the Soviet Bloc, was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America under the influence of the Soviet Union that existed du ...

during the

Greek Civil War The Greek Civil War ( el, ο Eμφύλιος �όλεμος ''o Emfýlios'' 'Pólemos'' "the Civil War") took place from 1946 to 1949. It was mainly fought against the established Kingdom of Greece, which was supported by the United Kingdom ...

. There are nine political killings in the village during the

. The village of Tsartsista was eventually abandoned around the 1970s and its inhabitants were relocated to Kalochori. Kalochori typically produces

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...

wheat Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeologi ...

, and

lentil The lentil (''Lens culinaris'' or ''Lens esculenta'') is an edible legume. It is an annual plant known for its lens-shaped seeds. It is about tall, and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each. As a food crop, the largest pro ...

s in its surrounding fields.

Historical figures

Vangel Mirkovski, (Evangelos Mirkopoulos), (1915 - 1949), - Communist,

officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fro ...

ELAS The Greek People's Liberation Army ( el, Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), ''Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós'' (ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberat ...

, high-ranking member of DAG Lazar Poplazarov- commander of an armed detachment of ELAS, editor of "Slavyanomakedonski Glas" newspaper, district leader of the SNLF, and general directorate member of the NLF. Vasil Bruzho- a member of the

IMRO The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...

Vasil Hristovski, (Vasilis Xristopoulos), (1913- 8 August 1948) - partisan, member of SNLF and NLF Zissos Deliovski, (Zisis Deliopoulos), (?- 1981) - Communist, and head of the Northeast Committee of

, died in 1981 Zissos Kalimanov, (Zisis Kallimanis), (? - 1943), - Communist, arrested in Akronavlia, released in June 1941, was killed by an Italian patrol in Pelekanos Ilia Tepov (1884 -?)- Macedonian-Odrin Opolechenitsa, Kosturska cheta.Македоно-одринското опълчение 1912-1913 г. : Личен състав по документи на Дирекция „Централен военен архив“. София, Главно управление на архивите, Дирекция „Централен военен архив“ В. Търново, Архивни справочници № 9, 2006. ISBN 954-9800-52-0. с. 702. Ilia Tolev (Tolyov) - Macedonian-Odrin Opolechenitsa, Kosturska cheta. Petar Ivanov -

revolutionary, member of the

and Chetnik of Petar Xristov "Germancheto". Mitre Kalimanov- Communist, brother of Pascal Kalimanov, during the

leads a detachment of

Ohrana Ohrana ( bg, Охрана, "Protection"; ) were armed collaborationist detachments organized by the former Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) structures, composed of Bulgarians in Nazi-occupied Greek Macedonia during World War I ...

, and then joins the SNLF Nikola Dobrolitski (1876 - 30 October 1906)- IMRO revolutionary, grandfather of Yagnoula Kunovska Paskal Kalimanov, (Pasxalis Kalimanis), - one of the leaders of the

in the years of the

, later joined SNLF and eventually emigrated to

Skopje Skopje ( , , ; mk, Скопје ; sq, Shkup) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre. The territory of Skopje has been inhabited since at least 4000 BC; r ...

.Мичев, Добри. БЪЛГАРСКОТО НАЦИОНАЛНО ДЕЛО В ЮГОЗАПАДНА МАКЕДОНИЯ (1941 – 1944 г.)
/ref> Tashko Georgiev -

revolutionary, member of the

and Chetnik of Petar Xristov "Germancheto".„Дневник на четите, изпратени в Македония от пункт Кюстендил. 1903-1908“, ДА - Враца, ф. 617к, оп.1, а.е.1, л.39
/ref> Apostol Kalimanov, (Apostolos Kalimanis), - member of the Macedonian-Bulgarian committee. Staso Chanakov Dobrolite -

member Todor Vlahov, (Theodoros Vlahos), (1913 - 1946) - Communist, member of OKNE, CPG, and

Trpo Kalimanov, (Elefterios Kalimanis), (? - 1943)- Communist, member of the

Communist Party of Greece The Communist Party of Greece ( el, Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, ''Kommounistikó Kómma Elládas'', KKE) is a political party in Greece. Founded in 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece and adopted its curren ...

Todor Kalimanov - (Thodoros Kalimanis), - village leader Yagnoula Kunovska - (1943- )- a

lawyer A lawyer is a person who practices law. The role of a lawyer varies greatly across different legal jurisdictions. A lawyer can be classified as an advocate, attorney, barrister, canon lawyer, civil law notary, counsel, counselor, solic ...

politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...

, and

artist An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse refers to a practitioner in the visual arts only. However, th ...

North Macedonia North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,, is a country in Southeast Europe. It gained independence in 1991 as one of the successor states of Socialist Feder ...

, granddaughter of Nikola Dobrolitski Sterjana Vangelova - (1924- ) - participant in the

Sterjo Kalimanov - (Stergios Kalimanis), - member of

Censuses Симовски, Тодор Христов
Населените места во Егеjска Македониjа.
Т. II дел. Скопjе, Здружение на децата-бегалци од Егејскиот дел на Македонија, Печатница „Гоце Делчев“, 1998. ISBN 9989-9819-6-5. с. 16.

*1913 - 468 people *1920 - 434 people *1928 - 455 people *1940 - 634 people *1951 - 585 people *1961 - 520 people *1971 - 458 people *1981 - 475 people *1991 - 459 people *2001- 458 people *2011 - 398 people

References

{{Kastoria div Populated places in Kastoria (regional unit) Kastoria