Kaisyn Shuvayevich Kuliev or Qaysin Quli ( rus, Кайсы́н Шува́евич Кули́ев, r=Kaisyn Shuvayevich Kuliyev; krc, Къулийланы Шууаны жашы Къайсын, Quliylanı Şuwanı caşı Qaysın; 1 November 1917 – 4 June 1985) was a

Balkar The Balkars ( krc, Малкъарлыла, Malqarlıla or Таулула, , 'Mountaineers') are a Turkic people of the Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria. Their Karachay-Balkar language is of the Ponto-Casp ...

poet. He wrote in the Karachay-Balkar language. His poems are widely translated to most languages in the former

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

, including Russian, Ossetian,

Lithuanian Lithuanian may refer to: * Lithuanians * Lithuanian language * The country of Lithuania * Grand Duchy of Lithuania * Culture of Lithuania * Lithuanian cuisine * Lithuanian Jews as often called "Lithuanians" (''Lita'im'' or ''Litvaks'') by other Jew ...

Belarusian Belarusian may refer to: * Something of, or related to Belarus * Belarusians, people from Belarus, or of Belarusian descent * A citizen of Belarus, see Demographics of Belarus * Belarusian language * Belarusian culture * Belarusian cuisine * Byelor ...

Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...

. Kuliev's books have been published in 140 languages in Europe, Asia, and America.

Early life

Kaisyn Kuliev (Quli) was born on November 1, 1917, in a Balkar

aul An aul (; ce, oil; russian: аул) is a type of fortified village or town found throughout the Caucasus mountains and Soviet Central Asia, Central Asia. The word itself is of Turkic origin and simply means ''village'' in many Turkic language ...

Upper Chegem to a family of stock-breeders and hunters. He spent his childhood in the mountains. He was orphaned at an early age and started to work. In 1926 a school was established in his ''aul'', and he started to read and study Russian. By age ten, he had written his first poems. After graduation from school, he entered a technical college in

Nalchik Nalchik (russian: Нальчик, p=ˈnalʲtɕɪk; Kabardian: //; krc, Нальчик //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwe ...

and first published at age 17. In 1935 Kuliev arrived in Moscow and entered the Russian Institute of Theatre Arts (GITIS). He attended lectures at the

Maxim Gorky Literature Institute The Maxim Gorky Literature Institute (russian: Литературный институт им. А. М. Горького) is an institution of higher education in Moscow. It is located at 25 Tverskoy Boulevard in central Moscow. History The insti ...

and continued to write.

Career

In 1939 he returned to Nalchik, where he taught literature at the local teachers' training college. In 1940, he published his first book of poetry, ''Hello, Morning!''. In 1940 Kuliev was drafted into the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

, where he served in the paratrooper brigade. In the summer of 1941, his brigade was transferred to

Latvian SSR The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR), also known as Soviet Latvia or simply Latvia, was a federated republic within the Soviet Union, and formally one of its 16 (later 15) constituent republics. The Latvian Soviet Socialist Rep ...

. He was wounded in a battle near

Oryol Oryol ( rus, Орёл, p=ɐˈrʲɵl, lit. ''eagle''), also transliterated as Orel or Oriol, is a city and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast situated on the Oka River, approximately south-southwest of Moscow. It is part of the Central Fed ...

. While in the hospital Kaisyn Kuliev wrote many poems that were published in ''

Pravda ''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, "Truth") is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the co ...

'', and '' Krasnaya Zvezda.'' He participated in the

Battle of Stalingrad The Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 19422 February 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later re ...

as a military correspondent for the ''Syny Otechestva'' newspaper. In the operation to liberate southern cities, Kuliev was wounded again. During the period between 1942 and 1944, he wrote ''In an hour of Trouble'', ''About Someone Who Didn't Return'', and '' Perekop''. In 1944,

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secreta ...

ordered deportation of the

ethnic group to

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the east. ...

and

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...

. Although

Boris Pasternak Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (; rus, Бори́с Леони́дович Пастерна́к, p=bɐˈrʲis lʲɪɐˈnʲidəvʲɪtɕ pəstɛrˈnak; 30 May 1960) was a Russian poet, novelist, composer and literary translator. Composed in 1917, Pa ...

managed to secure a permit for Kuliev to stay in Moscow, in 1945, Kuliev chose to live in

, where he worked in the local Union of Writers. In Frunze, he married an

Ingush Ingush may refer to: * Ingush language * Ingush people The Ingush (, inh, ГIалгIай, translit=Ghalghaj, pronounced ) per Oxford dictionary "a member of a people living mainly in Ingushetia in the central Caucasus." Ingushetia is a federa ...

girl, Maka. The Ingush ethnic group was also deported by Stalin to

Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...

. Since Kaisyn Kuliev's poetry could not be published, because he belonged to a deported people, he translated others' poetry. Pasternak, in his letters, encouraged the younger poet to have faith in a better future. In May 1956, Kuliev went to Moscow, and in 1957 he published ''Mountains'' and ''The Bread and the Rose'' (1957) with the help of Russian poet Nikolai Tikhonov. In 1956, Balkars were allowed to return to their native places and Kuliev returned to

where he published his collections ''The Wounded Stone'' (1964), ''The Book of the Land'' (1972), ''The Evening'' (1974), ''The Evening Light'' (1979), ''A Beauty of the Earth'' (1980), and others. Kuliev's poetry was recognized by Soviet officials when Stalin's era ended, and he was posthumously honored with State Prizes of the Soviet Republics (1966),

USSR State Prize The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, t ...

(1974) and also Lenin Prize but only in 1990. His Russian translators included Naum Grebnev,

Bella Akhmadulina Izabella Akhatovna Akhmadulina ( rus, Бе́лла (Изабе́лла) Аха́товна Ахмаду́лина, tt-Cyrl, Белла Әхәт кызы Әхмәдуллина; 10 April 1937 – 29 November 2010) was a Soviet Union, Soviet and ...

Nahum Korzhavin Nahum (Naum) Moiseyevich Korzhavin (russian: Нау́м Моисе́евич Коржа́вин; real surname Mandel, russian: Мандель; 14 October 1925 – 22 June 2018) was a Russian poet of Jewish descent, a dissident and emigrant who m ...

and Oleg Chukhontsev. Kaisyn Kuliev died in 1985 and was buried in the garden of his house. The Kaisyn Kuliev Memorial Museum now operates at that location. One of the major streets of Nalchik, the capital of Kabardino-Balkaria, was named after the poet. Balkar Theater of Drama in Nalchik was named for him. His poetry presents "lessons of courage, nobleness and honour".

Bibliography

Poetry translated into English

KULIYEV, KAISYN. Grass and Stone. Selected Poems. Translated by Olga Shartse. Vestnik Kavkaza, Pyatigorsk, Russia, 2007. Bilingual edition. Translation into Russian by Naum Grebnev, Oleg Chukhontsev,

Vera Zvyagintseva Vera Klavdievna Zvjaginceva or Zvyagintseva (russian: Вера Клавдиевна Звягинцева; 1894-1972) was a Russian actress, poet, translator and memoirist. She translated poetry from Armenian language, Armenian to Russian language, R ...

. 298 pp. KULIEV, KAISYN. Grass and Stone. Translated By Olga Shartse. Selected Poems. Moscow, Progress Publishers, 1977

Selected poetry translated into Russian

* ''Prislushaisia k slovam'' (''Listen the Words'') 2002 introduction by Chinghiz Aitmatov * ''Chelovek. Ptitsa. Derevo.'' (The Man. The Bird. The Tree.) 1985 * ''Kolosia i zvezdi'' (''Ears and Stars'') 1979 * ''Sobranie sochineniy v trekh tomakh'' (''The Collected Works In Three Volumes''). 1976–1977. Introduction by Irakly Andronikov. * ''Zhivu Sredi Ludey'' (''I Live Alone a People'') 1976 * ''Lirika'' (''Lyric'') 1974 * ''Zvezdam goret'' (''The Stars Will Shine'') 1973 * ''Izbrannie proizvedenia d dvukh tomakh'' (Selected Works In Two Volumes'') 1972'' * ''Blagodaru Solntse'' (''I Thank the Sun'') 1969 * ''Mir Domu Tvoemu'' (''Peace to Your House) 1966'' * ''Zaveschanniy Mir'' (''Bequeathing World'') 1965 * ''Izbrannaia Lirika'' (''The Lyrics'') 1964 * ''Zelenaia skazka'' (''The Green Fairytale'') * ''Gory'' (''The Mountains'') 1957

Selected poetry translated to other languages

* ''Ogon na skale'' (''Fire On The Rock'') Frunze,

, 1969.

Prose written in Russian

* ''Mir I Radost Vam Zhivuschie'' (''The Peace And Gladness to You Who Live'') 2007 * ''Byla zima'' (''It Was a Winter'') * ''Poet vsegda s liudmi'' (''The Poet Always With a People'') 1986 * ''Tak rastet i derevo'' (''And Tree is Growing So'') 1975

References

External links

Kaisyn Kuliev in the social memory of people

Kaisyn Kuliev. National Library of Australia

Kaisyn Kuliev. Scottish Poetry Library Inspire

Kaisyn Kuliev. University of Chicago Library

Kaisyn Kuliev Memorial Museum

Farewell
by

Chingiz Aitmatov Chingiz Mustafayev ( az, Çingiz Mustafayev; born 11 March 1991) is an Azerbaijani singer, songwriter, and guitarist. He Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019, represented Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song "Tru ...

90th Anniversary of Kaisyn Kuliev.

Kaisyn Kuliev. Fifty Soviet Poets

Kaisyn Kuliev: Literary portret
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuliev, Kaisyn 1917 births 1985 deaths 20th-century male writers 20th-century poets People from Chegemsky District People from Terek Oblast Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Fifth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Ninth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Tenth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Eleventh convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Maxim Gorky Literature Institute alumni Recipients of the Lenin Prize Recipients of the Decoration of Honor Meritorious for Polish Culture Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Recipients of the USSR State Prize Socialist realism writers Soviet male poets Soviet male writers Soviet military personnel of World War II