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Kadalundi is a village in
Kozhikode district Kozhikode (), or Calicut district, is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala, along its Southwestern Malabar Coast. The city of Kozhikode, also known as Calicut, is the district headquarters. The district is 67.15% urbanised. ...
,
Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South C ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
. It is a coastal village close to the Arabian Sea. Kadalundi is famous for its bird sanctuary, which is home to various migratory birds during certain seasons and has been recently declared as a bio-reserve. The Kadalundi- Vallikkunnu community reserve is the first community reserve in Kerala. The Kadalundi River and the
Chaliyar river Chaliyar River is the fourth longest river in Kerala at 169 km in length. The Chaliyar is also known as Chulika River, Nilambur River or Beypore River as it nears the sea. Pothukal, Chungathara, Nilambur, Mampad, Edavanna, Kavanoor, Pera ...
, two of the longest rivers of Kerala, merges with the
Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea ( ar, اَلْبَحرْ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Bahr al-ˁArabī) is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan, Iran and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel ...
at Kadalundi. The first railway line in Kerala was laid in 1861 from
Tirur Tirur is a Municipality in Malappuram district in the Indian state of Kerala spread over an area of . It is one of the business centers of Malappuram district and is situated west of Malappuram and south of Kozhikode, on the Shoranur–Mang ...
to
Chaliyam Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary of Chaliyar (River Beypore) in Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by the Chaliyar in the north, and River Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the eas ...
through Tanur, Parappanangadi, Vallikkunnu, and Kadalundi. Kadalundi panchayat shares the borders with Kozhikode corporation and feroke municipality.kadalundi is a part of kozhikode urban area master plan.


History

Kadalundi-
Chaliyam Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary of Chaliyar (River Beypore) in Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by the Chaliyar in the north, and River Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the eas ...
-
Beypore Beypore or Beypur (formerly Beypoor) is an ancient port town and a locality town in Kozhikode district in the state of Kerala, India. It is located opposite to Chaliyam, the estuary where the river Chaliyar empties into Arabian Sea. Beypore i ...
region had trade relations with foreign countries like Rome and Arabia. Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and the
Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Medite ...
.Coastal Histories: Society and Ecology in Pre-modern India, Yogesh Sharma, Primus Books 2010
Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic ...
(1st century CE) states that the port of '' Tyndis'' was located at the northwestern border of ''Keprobotos'' ( Chera dynasty).Gurukkal, R., & Whittaker, D. (2001). In search of Muziris. ''Journal of Roman Archaeology,'' ''14'', 334-350. The
North Malabar North Malabar refers to the geographic area of southwest India covering the state of Kerala's present day Kasaragod, Kannur, and Wayanad districts, and the taluks of Vatakara, Koyilandy, and Thamarassery in the Kozhikode District of Kerala and th ...
region, which lies north of the port at '' Tyndis'', was ruled by the kingdom of Ezhimala during
Sangam period The Sangam period or age (, ), particularly referring to the third Sangam period, is the period of the history of ancient Tamil Nadu, Kerala and parts of Sri Lanka (then known as Tamilakam) spanning from c. 6th century BCE to c. 3rd century CE. ...
.A. Shreedhara Menon, A Survey of Kerala History According to the ''
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea The ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' ( grc, Περίπλους τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς Θαλάσσης, ', modern Greek '), also known by its Latin name as the , is a Greco-Roman periplus written in Koine Greek that describes navigation and ...
'', a region known as '' Limyrike'' began at ''
Naura Naura may refer to: * Naura, India, a town in the Nawanshahr district of Punjab * Naura Ayu (born 2005), Indonesian singer * NAURA Technology Group, Chinese company that manufactures semiconductor chip production equipment * Michael Naura (193 ...
'' and '' Tyndis''. However the
Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of import ...
mentions only '' Tyndis'' as the '' Limyrikes starting point. The region probably ended at
Kanyakumari Kanniyakumari (; , referring to Devi Kanya Kumari), also known as Cape Comorin, is a city in Kanniyakumari district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent and the southernmost city in mainland I ...
; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-day
Malabar Coast The Malabar Coast is the southwestern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Geographically, it comprises the wettest regions of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden monsoon rains, especially on their westward-facing ...
. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000
sesterces The ''sestertius'' (plural ''sestertii''), or sesterce (plural sesterces), was an ancient Roman coin. During the Roman Republic it was a small, silver coin issued only on rare occasions. During the Roman Empire it was a large brass coin. The na ...
.
Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic ...
mentioned that '' Limyrike'' was prone by pirates. The
Cosmas Indicopleustes Cosmas Indicopleustes ( grc-x-koine, Κοσμᾶς Ἰνδικοπλεύστης, lit=Cosmas who sailed to India; also known as Cosmas the Monk) was a Greek merchant and later hermit from Alexandria of Egypt. He was a 6th-century traveller who ma ...
mentioned that the '' Limyrike'' was a source of peppers. According to the Legend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD at
Kodungallur Kodungallur (; also Cranganore, Portuguese: Cranganor; formerly known as Mahodayapuram, Shingly, Vanchi, Muchiri, Muyirikkode, and Muziris) is a historically significant town situated on the banks of river Periyar on the Malabar Coast in ...
with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) of Chera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (c. 570–632). According to '' Qissat Shakarwati Farmad'', the ''Masjids'' at
Kodungallur Kodungallur (; also Cranganore, Portuguese: Cranganor; formerly known as Mahodayapuram, Shingly, Vanchi, Muchiri, Muyirikkode, and Muziris) is a historically significant town situated on the banks of river Periyar on the Malabar Coast in ...
,
Kollam Kollam (), also known by its former name Quilon , is an ancient seaport and city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. The ci ...
, Madayi, Barkur,
Mangalore Mangalore (), officially known as Mangaluru, is a major port city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bangalore, the state capital, 20 km north of Karnataka– ...
, Kasaragod,
Kannur Kannur (), formerly known in English as Cannanore, is a Cities in India, city and a municipal corporation in the state of Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kannur district and situated north of the major port city a ...
, Dharmadam, Panthalayini, and
Chaliyam Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary of Chaliyar (River Beypore) in Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by the Chaliyar in the north, and River Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the eas ...
(just opposite to Kadalundi), were built during the era of Malik Dinar, and they are among the oldest ''Masjid''s in the
Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas. Geopolitically, it includes the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India ...
. It is believed that Malik Dinar died at Thalangara in Kasaragod town.Pg 58, Cultural heritage of
Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South C ...
: an introduction, A. Sreedhara Menon, East-West Publications, 1978
After the breakdown of the Chera Kingdom dynasty rooted in Kadalundi,
Parappanad Parappanad was a former feudal city-state in Malabar, India. The headquarters of Parappanad Royal family was at the town Parappanangadi in present-day Malappuram district. In 1425, the country divided into Northern Parappanad (Beypore kingdom) a ...
Kovilakam became the rulers of Kadalundi. They gave permission for the Dutch to build a fort in Kadalundi. Even though the fort collapsed after a war with Zamorians, we can see the remnants in Mulla in Kadalundi. Later the British became the rulers of Kadalundi and they built railway lines up to Chaliyam for the purpose of business. Later when Calicut became the center of trades the railway lines were removed but there are remnants such as the railway well, lighthouse, and forest depot. Thundi is an ancient seaport and harbor-town north of Muziris (Muchiri) in the Chera Kingdom (Keprobotos), modern day
India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
on the
Malabar Coast The Malabar Coast is the southwestern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Geographically, it comprises the wettest regions of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden monsoon rains, especially on their westward-facing ...
. The exact location of the port is still unknown, modern day Kadalundi, Ponnani, Tanur, and Pantalayani Kollam are often identified as Tyndis located in the Sangam age Tamil kingdom of the Cheras. Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and the
Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Medite ...
in the early centuries of the Christian era. A branch of the Chera royal family is also said to have established itself at Tyndis. It is also speculated that Tyndis (along with ports such as Naura, Bakare and Nelkynda) operated as a satellite feeding port to Muziris. Kadalundi was the site of the
Kadalundi train derailment The Kadalundi train disaster occurred on 22 June 2001, when the Mangalore-Chennai Mail passenger train was crossing over the Kadalundi river. Three carriages fell into the water, with 59 people reported killed or missing, and up to 300 believe ...
, which was one of the biggest accidents on the Indian railway network in 2001.


Political history

Kadalundi, on the southern bank of
Chaliyar Chaliyar River is the fourth longest river in Kerala at 169 km in length. The Chaliyar is also known as Chulika River, Nilambur River or Beypore River as it nears the sea. Pothukal, Chungathara, Nilambur, Mampad, Edavanna, Kavanoor, P ...
river and the northern bank of Kadalundi River, was a part the kingdom of
Parappanad Parappanad was a former feudal city-state in Malabar, India. The headquarters of Parappanad Royal family was at the town Parappanangadi in present-day Malappuram district. In 1425, the country divided into Northern Parappanad (Beypore kingdom) a ...
during medieval period. The rulers of Parappanad were vassals to the
Zamorin of Calicut The Samoothiri (Anglicised as Zamorin; Malayalam: , Arabic: ''Sāmuri'', Portuguese: ''Samorim'', Dutch: ''Samorijn'', Chinese: ''Shamitihsi''Ma Huan's Ying-yai Sheng-lan: 'The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores' 433 Translated and Edited ...
. The headquarters of Parappanad Royal family was the coastal town of Parappanangadi in present-day
Malappuram district Malappuram (), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala, with a coastline of . It is the most populous district of Kerala, which is home to around 13% of the total population of the state. The district was formed on 16 June 196 ...
. In the 15th century CE, ''Parappanad Swaroopam'' was divided into two - Northern Parappanad (''Beypore Swaroopam'') and Southern Parappanad (''Parappur Swaroopam''). Kadalundi, Vallikkunnu, and Parappanangadi, were included in Southern Parappanad.
Beypore Beypore or Beypur (formerly Beypoor) is an ancient port town and a locality town in Kozhikode district in the state of Kerala, India. It is located opposite to Chaliyam, the estuary where the river Chaliyar empties into Arabian Sea. Beypore i ...
, Cheruvannur, and Panniyankara, on northern bank of
Chaliyar Chaliyar River is the fourth longest river in Kerala at 169 km in length. The Chaliyar is also known as Chulika River, Nilambur River or Beypore River as it nears the sea. Pothukal, Chungathara, Nilambur, Mampad, Edavanna, Kavanoor, P ...
, became Northern Parappanad. It is also known the ruler of the Kingdom of Tanur (''Vettathunadu Swaroopam''), had assisted the Portuguese to build a fort at the island of
Chaliyam Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary of Chaliyar (River Beypore) in Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by the Chaliyar in the north, and River Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the eas ...
, which was a part of Southern Parappanad, and was destructed during the Battle at Chaliyam fort occurred in 1571. Feroke became a part of the
Kingdom of Mysore The Kingdom of Mysore was a realm in southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore. From 1799 until 1950, it was a princely state, until 1947 in a subsidiary alliance with Brit ...
in the late 18th century CE. Following the
Third Anglo-Mysore War The Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790–1792) was a conflict in South India between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company, the Kingdom of Travancore, the Maratha Empire, and the Nizam of Hyderabad. It was the third of four Ang ...
and the subsequent Treaty of Seringapatam, Kadalundi became a part of
Malabar District Malabar District, also known as Malayalam District, was an administrative district on the southwestern Malabar Coast of Bombay Presidency (1792-1800) and Madras Presidency (1800-1947) in British India, and independent India's Madras State (19 ...
under
British Raj The British Raj (; from Hindi language, Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Q ...
. Kadalundi was included in Eranad
Taluk A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...
in the Malappuram Revenue Division of Malabar District with its Taluk headquarters at Manjeri. Following the formation of the state of
Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South C ...
in 1956, Kadalundi became a part of Tirurangadi
Revenue block Revenue blocks, revenue circles, ''firka'', or ''patwar circles'' are the local revenue sub-divisions of the various districts of the states of India. These blocks should not be confused with the similar Panchayath union blocks (Blocks) and '' t ...
of Tirur Taluk. On 16 June 1969,
Eranad Taluk Eranad Taluk comes under Perinthalmanna revenue division in Malappuram district of Kerala, India. Its headquarters is the city of Manjeri. Eranad Taluk contains two municipalities - Manjeri and Malappuram. Most of the administrative offices ...
, Tirur Taluk, Tirurangadi, and Parappanangadi, were transferred to newly formed
Malappuram district Malappuram (), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala, with a coastline of . It is the most populous district of Kerala, which is home to around 13% of the total population of the state. The district was formed on 16 June 196 ...
. However, three Revenue Villages of Tirur Taluk, namely, Feroke, Ramanattukara, and Kadalundi, remained in Kozhikode district, as they were much closer to
Kozhikode Kozhikode (), also known in English as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India. It has a corporation limit population of 609,224 and a metropolitan population of more than 2 million, making it the second l ...
city centre. However Kadalundi Nagaram beach (where Kadalundi River flows into Arabian Sea, a part of Vallikkunnu Grama Panchayat),
Tenhipalam Thenhipalam (also spelt Tenhipalam and Thenjipalam) is a census town and a panchayat in Tirurangadi taluk in Malappuram district of Kerala, India, with a population of 27,273 as per 2001 census, consisting of 13,293 males and 13,980 femal ...
, the centre of
University of Calicut The University of Calicut, also known as Calicut University, is a state-run public university headquartered at Tenhipalam in Malappuram district of the state of Kerala, India. Established in 1968, it is the first university to be set up in nor ...
, and Karippur, the site of Calicut International Airport, became parts of Malappuram. Now Feroke, Ramanattukara, and Kadalundi are parts of Kozhikode Taluk and Kozhikode metropolitan area


Suburbs of Kadalundi

* Athanikkal, Pallippadi, LP stop and Anayarngadi * Kottakkadavu, Pediyattukunnu and Edachira * Pazhanjannoor, Kadukka Bazar and Chaliyam * Anappady and Chaliyar Kadavu * Nallur, Kashyapady and Kallampara * Perumugham, Mannurvalavu and Vadakkumbad * Kottakkadavu, Calvarykunnu and Prabodhini * Poocherikunnu, Srankpady and Ambalangadi


Important Landmarks

* Kadalundi Heritage Market * Punnoli korath Tharavad * Sree puthukkara Bhuvaneshwari Temple * Kootungal House * Pediyattu Bagavathy temple * Kadalundi Level Cross * Kadalundi Kadavu Bridge * Kottakkunnu Church ( Calvary Hills ) * Pidippazhi Maha Vishnu Temple * Mannur Maha shiva temple * Nerum Kaitha Kotta ( Mekotta bhagavathi kshetram ) * Kadalundi Kadavu Bridge * Kadalundi Bank Road * Chaliyam pulimootu * Srikanteswara Temple Chaliyam * Chaliyam Noorudheen Shaikh Jaram (Darga) * Chaliyam Juma Mazjid * Light House (Beypore) Chaliyam * Nirdhesh Chaliyam * Umbichi Haji Higher Secondary School Chaliyam. * Puzhakkara Palli (One among oldest mazjids of Kerala) * Pazhanchannoor Subramanya swami temple * Ambali Parambil Temple * Kadukka Bazar * Mulla Fort * Beypore Railway Station, incorrectly named, at Chaliyam was the terminus of the Madras Railway *
Kadalundi–Vallikkunnu Community Reserve Kadalundi–Vallikkunnu Community Reserve is an estuary and community reserve in Malabar Coast of Kerala state, south India. It is the first community reserve in Kerala. In 2018 April, Kerala forest department declared it as an ecotourism center. ...
* vattaparambu * crescent public school


Image Gallery

File:A view from Kadalundi bridge.jpg, Scenic view from Kadalundi bridge File:View_from_kadalundi_bridge.jpg, *
Chaliyam Chaliyam is a village situated at the estuary of Chaliyar (River Beypore) in Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. Chaliyam forms an island, bounded by the Chaliyar in the north, and River Kadalundi in south, and the Conolly Canal in the eas ...
*
Beypore Beypore or Beypur (formerly Beypoor) is an ancient port town and a locality town in Kozhikode district in the state of Kerala, India. It is located opposite to Chaliyam, the estuary where the river Chaliyar empties into Arabian Sea. Beypore i ...
* Feroke * Ramanattukara *
Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary The Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary lies in Vallikunnu Grama Panchayat of Malappuram district in Kerala, India. It spreads over a cluster of islands where the Kadalundipuzha River flows into the Arabian Sea. The Sanctuary hill is around 200 m above ...
* Vallikkunnu * * Kadalundi River *
Chaliyar river Chaliyar River is the fourth longest river in Kerala at 169 km in length. The Chaliyar is also known as Chulika River, Nilambur River or Beypore River as it nears the sea. Pothukal, Chungathara, Nilambur, Mampad, Edavanna, Kavanoor, Pera ...
* Kadalundi Kadavu Bridge, Azhimugam * '
Common-Service-Center-CSC-Chaliyam
'


References

{{Kozhikode district Villages in Kozhikode district Kozhikode south