Jiangxi (; ;
formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked
province in
the east of the
People's Republic of China. Its major cities include
Nanchang and
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
. Spanning from the banks of the
Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with
Anhui to the north,
Zhejiang to the northeast,
Fujian
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its ...
to the east,
Guangdong to the south,
Hunan
Hunan (, ; ) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the South Central China region. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze watershed, it borders the province-level divisions of Hubei to the north, Jiangx ...
to the west, and
Hubei
Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The p ...
to the northwest.
The name "Jiangxi" is derived from the
circuit administrated under the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
in 733,
Jiangnanxidao (; Gan: Kongnomsitau). The abbreviation for Jiangxi is "" (;
Gan: Gōm), for the
Gan River which runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called ''Ganpo Dadi'' () which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and
Po".
After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for the
Communists and many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. The
Nanchang Uprising took place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during the
Chinese Civil War. Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, the
Chinese Soviet Republic
The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) was an East Asian proto-state in China, proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Chinese communist leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the early stages of the Chinese Civil War. The discontiguous territories of t ...
's government was established in
Ruijin, which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital" (, Gan: Fūng-set Kū-tu), or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began the
Long March
The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese ...
to
Yan'an.
The southern half of Jiangxi is hilly and mountainous, with ranges and valleys interspersed; notable mountains and mountain ranges include
Mount Lu, the
Jinggang Mountains and
Mount Sanqing. The northern half is comparatively lower in altitude. The
Gan River flows through the province.
Although the majority of Jiangxi's population is
Han Chinese, Jiangxi is linguistically diverse. It is considered the center of
Gan Chinese;
Hakka Chinese, is also spoken to some degree. Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits of
copper,
tungsten,
gold,
silver,
uranium,
thorium,
tantalum, and
niobium.
History
Jiangxi is centered on the
Gan River valley, which historically provided the main north–south transport route of south China. The corridor along the Gan River is one of the few easily traveled routes through the otherwise mountainous and rugged terrain of the south-eastern mountains. This open corridor was the primary route for trade and communication between the
North China Plain and the
Yangtze River valley in the north and the territory of modern
Guangdong province in the south. As a result, Jiangxi has been strategically important throughout much of China's history.
Jiangxi was outside the sphere of influence of early Chinese civilization during the
Shang dynasty (16th to 11th centuries BC). It is likely that peoples collectively known as the
Baiyue inhabited the region. During the
Spring and Autumn period, the northern part of modern Jiangxi formed the western frontier of the state of
Wu. After Wu was conquered by the
state of Yue (a power based in modern northern
Zhejiang) in 473 BC, the state of
Chu (based in modern
Hubei
Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The p ...
) took over northern Jiangxi and there may have been some Yue influence in the south. Chu subjugated Yue in 333 BC. In 223 BC, when
Qin conquered Chu, a majority of the Jiangxi area was recorded to be put under Jiujiang Commandary situated in
Shouchun (). However the commandary was ineffective and ended shortly when Qin falls.
Yuzhang Commandery (, Gan: Ì-zong) was established in Jiangxi at the beginning of the
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by th ...
, possibly before the death of
Xiang Yu in 202 BC, and it's also the very first commandery set up by Chinese dynasty in Jiangxi. It was named after the Yuzhang River (, Gan: Ì-zong Kong), the original name of Gan River. "Gan" has become the abbreviation of the province. In 201, eight counties were added to the original seven of Qin, and three more were established in later years. Throughout most of the Han dynasty the commandery's eighteen counties covered most of the modern province of Jiangxi. The county seats of Nanchang, Gan, Yudu, Luling among others were located at the sites of modern major cities. Other counties, however, have been moved or abolished in later centuries.
Under the reign of
Emperor Wu of the
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by th ...
, Yuzhang Commandery was assigned to
Yangzhou Province, as part of a trend to establish provinces (''
zhou'') all across China. In 291 AD, during the
Western Jin dynasty, Jiangxi became its own ''Zhou'' called Jiangzhou (, Gan: Kong-chiu). During the
Southern and Northern Dynasties, Jiangxi was under the control of the southern dynasties, and the number of ''zhou'' slowly grew.
During the
Sui dynasty, there were seven
commanderies and twenty-four counties in Jiangxi. During the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
, another commandery and fourteen counties were added. Commanderies were then abolished, becoming ''zhou'' (henceforth translated as "prefectures" rather than "provinces").
Circuits were established during the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
as a new top-level administrative division. At first Jiangxi was part of the
Jiangnan Circuit (lit. "Circuit south of the Yangtze"). In 733, this circuit was divided into western and eastern halves. Jiangxi was found in the western half, which was called
Jiangnanxi Circuit (lit. "Western circuits south of the Yangtze"). This is the source of the modern name "Jiangxi".
The
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
collapsed in 907, heralding the division of the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (), from 907 to 979, was an era of political upheaval and division in 10th-century Imperial China. Five dynastic states quickly succeeded one another in the Central Plain, and more than a dozen concu ...
period. Jiangxi first belonged to
Wu (, Gan: Ng), then to
Southern Tang (, Gan: Nām-thóng). Both states were based in modern-day
Nanjing, further down the
Yangtze River.
During the
Song dynasty, Jiangnanxi Circuit was reestablished with nine prefectures and four army districts (with sixty-eight districts).
During the
Yuan dynasty, the circuit was divided into thirteen different circuits, and Jiangxi Province was established for the first time. This province also included the majority of modern
Guangdong. Jiangxi acquired (more or less) its modern borders during the
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...
after
Guangdong was separated out. There has been little change to the borders of Jiangxi since.
After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for the
Communists and many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. The
Nanchang Uprising took place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during the
Chinese Civil War. Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, the
Chinese Soviet Republic
The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) was an East Asian proto-state in China, proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Chinese communist leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the early stages of the Chinese Civil War. The discontiguous territories of t ...
's government was established in
Ruijin, which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital" (, Gan: Fūng-set Kū-tu), or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began the
Long March
The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese ...
to
Yan'an.
From 1930 to 1934, the National Government carried out five military campaigns against the Jiangxi Soviet area. Its brutal two-party battles and cleansing (including the internal cleansing of the Red Army and the cleaning of the post-war government) caused a large number of deaths or escapes, causing the population of Jiangxi to drop by 40%, until only 13.8 million people were left in 1936.
In 1936, after the opening of the
Yuehan Railway in Hunan, Jiangxi lost its important position regarding north–south traffic. In 1937, the east-west Zhegan Railway was opened to traffic, which changed the original traffic patterns in Jiangxi to a large extent. The Jiujiang Port () began to decline in importance.
Following the
Doolittle Raid during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with the help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. The
Imperial Japanese Army
The was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945. It was controlled by the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Ministry of the Army, both of which were nominally subordinate to the Emper ...
began the
Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to intimidate the Chinese from helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians of China while searching for Doolittle's men.
Geography
Mountains surround Jiangxi on three sides, with the
Mufu Mountains,
Jiuling Mountains
The Jiuling Mountains () are a range of mountains located in Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, Peopl ...
, and
Luoxiao Mountains on the west;
Huaiyu Mountains and
Wuyi Mountains on the east; and the
Jiulian Mountains () and
Dayu Mountains in the south. The southern half of the province is hilly with ranges and valleys interspersed; while the northern half is flatter and lower in altitude. The highest point in Jiangxi is
Mount Huanggang () in the Wuyi Mountains, on the border with
Fujian
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its ...
. It has an altitude of .
The
Gan River dominates the province, flowing through the entire length of the province from south to north. It enters
Lake Poyang
Poyang Lake (, Gan: Po-yong U), located in Jiujiang, is the largest freshwater lake in China.
The lake is fed by the Gan, Xin, and Xiu rivers, which connect to the Yangtze through a channel.
The area of Poyang Lake fluctuates dramatical ...
in the north, the largest freshwater lake of China; that lake in turn empties into the
Yangtze River, which forms part of the northern border of Jiangxi. Important
reservoirs include the
Xiushui Tuolin Reservoir Xiushui may refer to several places:
China
* Xiushui County (修水县), of Jiujiang, Jiangxi
* Xiushui River, in Jiangxi
* Xiushui Street (秀水街), in Beijing
;Towns (秀水镇)
* Xiushui, Lechang, Guangdong
* Xiushui, Yushu, Jilin
* Xius ...
in the northwest of the province on the
Xiushui River, and the
Wan'an Reservoir(zh) in the upper section of the Gan.
Jiangxi has a
humid subtropical climate (''Cfa'' under the
Köppen climate classification), with short, cool, damp winters, and very hot, humid summers. Average temperatures are about in January and in July. Annual precipitation is , much of it falling in the heavy rains occurring in late spring and summer.
Nanchang, the provincial capital and the most densely populated city, is one of the largest Chinese
metropolises. Nanchang is the hub of
Jiangxi civilization throughout its history, which plays a leading role in the commercial, intellectual and industrial and political fields.
Ganzhou
Ganzhou (), alternately romanized as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in the south of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, and Hunan to the west. Its administrative seat is at Zhanggong District.
Hist ...
is the largest subdivision of Jiangxi.
Major cities in Jiangxi include:
*
Nanchang
*
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
Administrative divisions
Jiangxi is divided into eleven
prefecture-level divisions: all
prefecture-level cities:
These prefecture-level cities are in turn subdivided into 100
county-level divisions (23
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivision ...
s, 11
county-level cities
A county-level municipality (), county-level city or county city, formerly known as prefecture-controlled city (1949–1970: ; 1970–1983: ), is a county-level administrative division of the People's Republic of China. County-level ...
, and 66
counties). Those in turn are divided into 1548
township-level divisions (770
town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an o ...
s, 651
townships, seven
ethnic townships, and 120
subdistricts).
See
List of administrative divisions of Jiangxi for a complete list of
county-level divisions.
Urban areas
Politics
The Politics of Jiangxi is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.
The
Governor of Jiangxi The politics of Jiangxi Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.
The Governor of Jiangxi is the highest-ranking official in the People's Gove ...
is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Jiangxi. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Jiangxi
Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Jiangxi
CPC Party Chief
A Party Committee Secretary () is the leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization in a province, city, village, or other administrative unit. In most cases, it is the ''de facto'' highest political office of its area of jurisdictio ...
".
Economy
Rice is the dominant crop in Jiangxi. Cash crops commonly grown include
cotton and
rapeseed. Jiangxi is the leading
producer of kumquats in China, particularly
Suichuan County.
Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits of
copper,
tungsten,
gold,
silver,
uranium,
thorium,
tantalum,
niobium, among others. Noted centers of mining include
Dexing (copper) and
Dayu County
Dayu () is a county in the west of the prefecture-level city of Ganzhou, in the southwest of Jiangxi Province, bordering Guangdong Province to the south. It is known for The Capital of Tungsten.
Statistics
Dayu has an area of . Total population i ...
(tungsten).
It is located in extreme proximity to some of the richest provinces of China (
Guangdong,
Zhejiang,
Fujian
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its ...
), which are sometimes blamed for taking away talent and capital from Jiangxi.
Jiangxi has the lowest wages and third lowest property prices in all of China.,
As of 2016 Jiangxi's nominal GDP was CNY 1.84 trillion or USD 276.48 billion, and a per capita of CNY 40,400 or USD 6,082.
Economic and technological development zones
*Nanchang Export Processing Zone
Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone is located in NanChang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, it was approved by the State Council on May 8, 2006, and passed the national acceptance inspection on Sep 7th, 2007. It has a planning area of and now has built . It enjoys simple and convenient customs clearances, and special preferential policies both for Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone and NCHDZ.
*Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone
Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (NCHDZ for short hereafter) is the only national grade high-tech zoned in Jiangxi, it was established in Mar. 1991. The zone covers an area of , in which have been completed. NCHDZ possesses unique nature condition and sound industry foundation of accepting electronics industry. NCHDZ has brought 25% industrial added value and 50% industrial benefit and tax to Nanchang city by using only 0.4% land area.
*Nanchang Economic and Technological Development Zone
*
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
Free Trade(Tariff-free) Zone
*
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
National Economical and Technological Development Zone
* Jiujiang
Gongqingcheng National High-tech Industrial Development Zone
Demographics
The population of Jiangxi is approximately 39.66 million. 99.73% of that is
Han Chinese, predominantly
Gan and
Hakka
The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...
.
Ganzhou
Ganzhou (), alternately romanized as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in the south of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, and Hunan to the west. Its administrative seat is at Zhanggong District.
Hist ...
, Jiangxi's largest city, has an especially large number of Hakka. Ethnic minorities include
She
She most commonly refers to:
*She (pronoun), the third person singular, feminine, nominative case pronoun in modern English.
She or S.H.E. may also refer to:
Literature and films
*'' She: A History of Adventure'', an 1887 novel by H. Rider Hagga ...
.
Jiangxi and
Henan both have the most unbalanced gender ratios of all Chinese provinces. Based on a 2009 ''
British Medical Journal'' study, the ratio is over 140 boys for every 100 girls in the 1-4 age group.
In 2019 the most-common surname in Jiangxi was
Liú (刘), the only province where this was the case. Overall Liu is the fourth-most common surname in the country.
Religion
The predominant religions in Jiangxi are
Chinese folk religions,
Taoist traditions and
Chinese Buddhism. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 24.05% of the population believes and is involved in
ancestor veneration
The veneration of the dead, including one's ancestors, is based on love and respect for the deceased. In some cultures, it is related to beliefs that the dead have a continued existence, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of t ...
, while 2.31% of the population identifies as Christian.
The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 73.64% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in
worship of nature deities, Buddhism,
Confucianism, Taoism,
folk religious sects.
Culture
Jiangxi is the main area of concentration of the
Gan varieties of
Chinese, spoken over most of the northern two-thirds of the province. Examples include the
Nanchang dialect,
Yichun dialect
Yi-Liu, sometimes called Yichun () after its principal dialect, is one of the Gan Chinese languages. It is spoken in Yichun in Jiangxi province and in Liuyang in Hunan, after which it is named, as well as in Shanggao, Qingjiang, Xingan, Xinyu C ...
and
Ji'an dialect. The southern one-third of the province speaks
Hakka
The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...
. There are also
Mandarin,
Huizhou, and
Wu dialects spoken along the northern border.
Ganju (Jiangxi opera) is the type of
Chinese opera performed in Jiangxi.
Although little known outside of the province,
Jiangxi cuisine is rich and distinctive. Flavors are some of the strongest in China, with heavy use of
chili peppers and especially
pickled and
fermented products.
Jingdezhen is widely regarded as the producer of the best
porcelain in China.
Jiangxi also was a historical center of
Chan Buddhism.
Prominent examples of
Hakka architecture
A Hakka walled village ( zh, 围龙屋) is a large multi-family communal living structure that is designed to be easily defensible. This building style is unique to the Hakka people found in southern China. Walled villages are typically designed ...
can be found in Jiangxi.
Transportation
As of January 2015, Jiangxi had two
Yangtze River crossings, both in Jiujiang.
Rail
The
Beijing–Kowloon Railway and
Shanghai–Kunming Railway
The Shanghai–Kunming Railway or Hukun Railway (), also known as the Hukun Line, is a major arterial railroad across eastern, south central and southwest China. It connects Shanghai, whose shorthand name is ''Hu'', and Kunming. The line has a ...
crisscross the province and intersect at Nanchang, which also has a
high-speed rail link to Jiujiang. In addition, Jiangxi is connected by rail to Anhui Province via the
Anhui–Jiangxi and
Tongling–Jiujiang Railways; to Hubei via the
Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway; and to Fujian via the
Yingtan–Xiamen,
Hengfeng–Nanping,
Ganzhou–Longyan and
Xiangtang–Putian Railways.
Tourism
There are several famous mountains in Jiangxi Province, including
Mountain Lu in
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
, Mount jinggang at the border of jiangxi province and Hunan province, Mount Sanqing in Yushan county.
Near the northern port city of
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
lies the well-known resort area of
Mountain Lu. Also near the city is the
Donglin (East Wood) Temple , one important
Buddhist temple in china.
Near the small city of
Yingtan is the resort area of
Longhushan, which purports to be the birthplace of
Taoism and hence has great symbolic value to Taoists. The region has many temples, cave complexes, mountains and villages.
The
Mountain Lu National Park has been a
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international coope ...
World Heritage Site since 1996.
Kuling town located on the top of
Mountain Lu,
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
is a summer resort developed by European in the 19th century. There were 3000 European living in
Kuling town,
Mountain Lu,
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
in summer time in 1920 s.
In 2007, Jiangxi (specifically the
Mountain Lu West Sea, located in
Jiujiang
Jiujiang (), formerly transliterated Kiukiang or Kew Keang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level cit ...
) was the filming location for the fifteenth series of the American TV show ''
Survivor''.
Flora and fauna
The mountainous terrain and large forest coverage of Jiangxi has made it historically one of the more wild places of central China.
South China tiger
The South China tiger is a population of the '' Panthera tigris tigris'' subspecies that is native to southern China. The population mainly inhabited the Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. It has been listed as Critically Enda ...
s have been seen as recently as fifteen or twenty years ago and projects are underway to document evidence of existing tigers, if there are any. Several mountain areas along the northern border with Hunan and Hubei are potential sites for "wilderness" preserves specifically for protecting or even reintroducing tigers.
Other wildlife, though not plentiful, are more numerous in Jiangxi than in many other developed areas of China. Numerous species of birds are common, especially around the marshes of Lake Poyang in the north. Though protected, mammals such as
muntjac
Muntjacs ( ), also known as the barking deer or rib-faced deer, (URL is Google Books) are small deer of the genus ''Muntiacus'' native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Muntjacs are thought to have begun appearing 15–35 million years a ...
, wild boar, civet cats, and
pangolins, are still common enough that they'll even occasionally be seen in markets for sale as game meat, or possibly even in a forest.
The late
Paleocene mesonychid, ''
Jiangxia chaotoensis
''Jiangxia chaotoensis'' is a Chinese mesonychid from the Nongshanian division of the Upper Paleocene. It may be related to the genera ''Dissacus'' and '' Hukoutherium''.Zhang, Yuping, et al. "Several species of Condylarthra from the Paleocene ...
'' was found in the province, and named after it.
Education
Colleges and universities
List of colleges and universities in Jiangxi:
*
Jiangxi College of Foreign Studies (江西外语外贸职业学院)
*
East China University of Technology
*
East China Jiaotong University
*
Jiangxi Agricultural University
*
Jiangxi Institute of Education
*
Jiangxi Normal University
Jiangxi Normal University (JXNU; ), situated in Nanchang, capital city of Jiangxi Province China, is co-sponsored by the Ministry of Education and the Jiangxi Provincial Government. It is listed in the Midwest University Fundamental Capacity Buil ...
*
Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
*
Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics
*
Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
The Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute (景德镇陶瓷大学), in Jingdezhen city in the Jiangxi province of the People's Republic of China, is China's only institute of higher learning dedicated to the ceramic arts. The Jingdezhen area is historically ...
*
Jinggangshan University
*
Jiujiang Financial and Economic College
*
Jiujiang Medical College
*
Jiujiang Teachers College
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Nanchang Institute of Technology
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Nanchang Hangkong University
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Nanchang University
Nanchang University (NCU; ) is a public research university located in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. NCU has also been recognized as a National Key University in the nation. Based on the new plan initiated by Chinese Ministry of Education in 2017, ...
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Xinyu University
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Yichun University
Sister provinces
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Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
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Okayama Prefecture, Japan
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Bohol, Philippines
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Hesse, Germany
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Kentucky, United States
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Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Sabah, Malaysia
See also
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Major national historical and cultural sites in Jiangxi
Notes
References
External links
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Jiangxi Government website"Map of Jiangxi Province with Explanations"from 1573 CE - 1620 CE
at
HKTDC
The Hong Kong Trade Development Council (HKTDC) is a statutory body established in 1966 as the international marketing dedicated to creating opportunities for Hong Kong's businesses. The organisation has 50 offices around the world, includi ...
{{Authority control
Provinces of the People's Republic of China
East China