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Jean-Baptiste Le Roy (15 August 1720, Paris – 20 January 1800, Paris) was an 18th-century French physicist and one of the major contributors to the ''
doi=10.1080/00207140208410110
* Franklin, B., Majault, M.J., Le Roy, J.B., Sallin, C.L., Bailly, J.-S., d'Arcet, J., de Bory, G., Guillotin, J.-I. & Lavoisier, A., "Report of The Commissioners charged by the King with the Examination of Animal Magnetism", ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'', Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 332–363
doi=10.1080/00207140208410109
Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste
o
Encyclopedia.com
Jean-Baptiste Le Roy
on Wikisource
List of contributions by Le Roy to the ''Encyclopédie''
with links to the full text on the ARTFL project. {{DEFAULTSORT:Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste 1720 births 1800 deaths French physicists Contributors to the Encyclopédie (1751–1772) Members of the French Academy of Sciences Fellows of the Royal Society Members of the American Philosophical Society Scientists from Paris Le Roy family
Jean-Baptiste Le Roy (15 August 1720, Paris – 20 January 1800, Paris) was an 18th-century French physicist and one of the major contributors to the ''Encyclopédie
''Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers'' (English: ''Encyclopedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts''), better known as ''Encyclopédie'', was a general encyclopedia publis ...
'' by Diderot
Denis Diderot (; ; 5 October 171331 July 1784) was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer, best known for serving as co-founder, chief editor, and contributor to the '' Encyclopédie'' along with Jean le Rond d'Alembert. He was a promi ...
and d’Alembert
Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert (; ; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist. Until 1759 he was, together with Denis Diderot, a co-editor of the ''Encyclopédie ...
for technology. The son of 18th-century Parisian clockmaker
A clockmaker is an artisan who makes and/or repairs clocks. Since almost all clocks are now factory-made, most modern clockmakers only repair clocks. Modern clockmakers may be employed by jewellers, antique shops, and places devoted strictly to ...
and watchmaker
A watchmaker is an artisan who makes and repairs watches. Since a majority of watches are now factory-made, most modern watchmakers only repair watches. However, originally they were master craftsmen who built watches, including all their part ...
Julien Le Roy, he had three brothers: Pierre
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...
(1717–1785), a brilliant clock-maker in his own right, Julien-David (1724–1803), a neo-classical architect and archaeologist, and Charles
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...
a physician and Encyclopédiste.
In the field of science, Jean-Baptiste Le Roy worked on a variety of topics; of particular importance were his research on electricity. Together with Patrick d'Arcy
Patrick d'Arcy (27 September 1725 – 18 October 1779) was an Irish mathematician born in Kiltullagh, County Galway in the west of Ireland. His family, who were Catholics, suffered under the penal laws. In 1739 d'Arcy was sent abroad b ...
, he constructed in 1749 the first electrometer
An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference. There are many different types, ranging from historical handmade mechanical instruments to high-precision electronic devices. Modern ...
, a device for detection of electrical charges and voltages. He also experimented with lightning conductors and with the use of electricity in the treatment of diseases.
As contributor to the ''Encyclopédie'', he wrote more than 130 articles under the author abbreviation "T", including those related to watchmaking
A watchmaker is an artisan who makes and repairs watches. Since a majority of watches are now factory-made, most modern watchmakers only repair watches. However, originally they were master craftsmen who built watches, including all their part ...
, locksmith and mathematical instruments.
From 1772 to 1777 Le Roy was deputy director and from 1773 to 1778, director of the Académie royale des sciences
The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was at the ...
. He was a member of the American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...
, elected in 1773.
Bibliography
; Sources * Zu Le Roys Tätigkeit an der Académie des sciences: Archives de l’Académie des sciences de l’institut de France, dossier personnel de Jean-Baptiste Le Roy. * Some letters by Le Roy were published in: Leonard W. Labaree .a.(ed.), ''The Papers of Benjamin Franklin'', New Haven 1959 as well as in Julian P. Boyd and Charles T. Cullen (ed.), '' The Papers of Thomas Jefferson'', Princeton 1950. ; Studies * "Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste", in: Frank Arthur Kafker, ''The encyclopedists as individuals: a biographical dictionary of the authors of the Encyclopédie'', Oxford 1988, , (p. 219–222). * Louis S. Greenbaum: ''Tempest in the Academy: Jean-Baptiste Le Roy, the Paris Academy of Sciences and the Project of a new Hôtel-Dieu’'', in: Archives internationales d’histoire des sciences 24 (1974), (p. 122–140). :Other * Bailly, J.-S., "Secret Report on Mesmerism or Animal Magnetism", ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'', Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 364–368doi=10.1080/00207140208410110
* Franklin, B., Majault, M.J., Le Roy, J.B., Sallin, C.L., Bailly, J.-S., d'Arcet, J., de Bory, G., Guillotin, J.-I. & Lavoisier, A., "Report of The Commissioners charged by the King with the Examination of Animal Magnetism", ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'', Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 332–363
doi=10.1080/00207140208410109
See also
*Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism
The Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism involved two entirely separate and independent French Royal Commissions, each appointed by Louis XVI in 1784, that were conducted simultaneously by a committee composed of four physicians from the Paris ...
References
External links
Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste
o
Encyclopedia.com
Jean-Baptiste Le Roy
on Wikisource
List of contributions by Le Roy to the ''Encyclopédie''
with links to the full text on the ARTFL project. {{DEFAULTSORT:Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste 1720 births 1800 deaths French physicists Contributors to the Encyclopédie (1751–1772) Members of the French Academy of Sciences Fellows of the Royal Society Members of the American Philosophical Society Scientists from Paris Le Roy family