Janata Dal (“People’s Party”) was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of

Janata Party The Janata Party ( JP, lit. ''People's Party'') was a political party that was founded as an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian Nati ...

factions, the

Lok Dal Lokdal or Lok Dal is an Indian political party based on agriculture policies, founded by former prime minister of India Charan Singh. See also * Girraj Kishore Mahaur, former MLA of Lok Dal * Lok Dal (Charan) * Rashtriya Lok Dal Rashtr ...

Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) Congress (Jagjivan) was a political party in India. It was formed in August 1981, after Jagjivan Ram Jagjivan Ram (5 April 1908 – 6 July 1986), known popularly as Babuji, was an Indian independence activist and politician from Bihar. He was ...

, and the Jan Morcha united on 11 October 1988 on the birth anniversary of

Jayaprakash Narayan Jayaprakash Narayan (; 11 October 1902 – 8 October 1979), popularly referred to as JP or ''Lok Nayak'' ( Hindi for "People's leader"), was an Indian independence activist, theorist, socialist and political leader. He is remembered for l ...

under the leadership of V. P. Singh.

History

V. P. Singh united the entire disparate spectrum of parties ranging from regional parties such as the

Telugu Desam Party The Telugu Desam Party (; TDP) is an Indian regional political party operating in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana at the state and central level. Since its founding by N. T. Rama Rao (often referred to as NTR) on 29 March 1982, the party has fo ...

, the

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (; DMK) is a political party based in the state of Tamil Nadu where it is currently the ruling party having a comfortable majority without coalition support and the union territory of Puducherry where it is curre ...

, and the

Asom Gana Parishad Asom Gana Parishad (translation: ''Assam People's Council'', AGP) is a state political party in Assam, India. The AGP was formed after the historic Assam Accord of 1985 and formally launched at the Golaghat Convention held from 13–14 Octobe ...

, together and formed the National Front with

N. T. Rama Rao Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (28 May 1923 – 18 January 1996), often referred to by his initials NTR, was an Indian actor, filmmaker and politician who served as List of Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh fo ...

as Indian Election History President and V. P. Singh as convenor with outside support from the ( Right-wing Political party)

Bharatiya Janata Party The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Mod ...

and ( Left-wing Political party) Communist Party of India,

Communist Party of India (Marxist) The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)/CPIM/CPM) is a Marxist–Leninist communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party of India in terms of membership and electoral seats and one of the na ...

led Left front. They defeated Rajiv Gandhi's

Congress (I) Indian National Congress (Requisitionists) was created in 1969; it was created and led by Indira Gandhi. Initially this party was known as Congress (R), but it soon came to be generally known as the New Congress or Syndicate. The letter 'R' s ...

in the 1989 parliamentary elections. His government fell after

Lalu Prasad Yadav Lalu Prasad Yadav (born 11 June 1948) is an Indian politician and president of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD). He is a former Chief Minister of Bihar (1990-1997), a former Railway Minister of India (2004-2009), and a former Member of Parlia ...

, got Advani arrested in

Samastipur Samastipur is a city and a municipal corporation (nagar nigam) in Bihar, India. It is the headquarter of Samastipur district and comes under Darbhanga division. The Budhi Gandak river flows through the town. It is one of the five railway divisi ...

and stopped his ''

Ram Rath Yatra The ''Ram Rath Yatra'' was a political and religious rally that lasted from September to October 1990. It was organised by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and its Hindu nationalist affiliates, and led by the then-president of the BJP, L. K. ...

'' which was going to

Ayodhya Ayodhya (; ) is a city situated on the banks of holy river Saryu in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya, also known as Saketa, is an ancient city of India, the birthplace of Rama and setting of the great epic Ramayana. Ayodhya wa ...

on the site of the Babri Masjid on October 23, 1990 and the

withdrew support. V.P. Singh lost a parliamentary vote of confidence on November 7, 1990. In the

1991 Indian general election General elections were held in India on 20 May, 12 June and 15 June 1991 to elect the members of the 10th Lok Sabha, although they were delayed until 19 February 1992 in Punjab. No party could muster a majority in the Lok Sabha, resulting in t ...

the Janata Dal lost power but emerged as the third largest party in

Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-p ...

. Janata Dal-led

United Front A united front is an alliance of groups against their common enemies, figuratively evoking unification of previously separate geographic fronts and/or unification of previously separate armies into a front. The name often refers to a political ...

formed the government after the

1996 Indian general election File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 800, causing the plane to crash and killing everyone on ...

with the outside support of the

Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British E ...

. But after this the Janata Dal gradually disintegrated into various smaller factions, largely regional parties

Biju Janata Dal The Biju Janata Dal (; BJD) is a regional political party in the Indian state of Odisha founded and led by Naveen Patnaik, the current Chief Minister of Odisha and the son of former Chief Minister of Odisha Biju Patnaik, after whom the party ...

, Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (Secular) and

Janata Dal (United) Janata Dal (United) ("People’s Party (United)”) abbreviated as JD(U) is an Indian political party with political presence mainly in eastern and north-eastern India. JD(U) is recognised as a state party in the states of Bihar , Arunachal Pr ...

Ascent to power

It first came to power in 1989, after allegations of corruption, known as the

Bofors scandal The Bofors scandal was a major weapons-contract political scandal that occurred between India and Sweden during the 1980s and 1990s, initiated by Indian National Congress politicians and implicating the Indian prime minister, Rajiv Gandhi, a ...

, caused Rajiv Gandhi's

to lose the elections. The National Front coalition that was formed consisted of the Janata Dal and a few smaller parties in the government, and had outside support from the Left Front and the

. V. P. Singh was the prime minister. In November 1990, this coalition collapsed, and a new government headed by

Chandra Shekhar Chandra Shekhar ( 17 April 1927 – 9 August 2015) was an Indian politician who served as the 8th Prime Minister of India, between 10 November 1990 and 21 June 1991. He headed a minority government of a breakaway faction of the Janata Dal with ...

under

Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) (SJP(R)), also called as Janata Dal (Socialist) is an Indian political party founded by Chandra Shekhar, 8th Prime Minister of India in 1990–91, and led by him until his death on 8 July 2007. Chandra Shekhar ...

which had the support of the congress came to power for a short while. Two days before the vote,

, an ambitious Janata Dal rival who had been kept out of the National Front government, joined with Devi Lal, a former deputy prime minister under V.P. Singh, to form the Samajwadi Janata Party, with a total of just sixty

members. The day after the collapse of the National Front government, Chandra Shekhar informed the president that by gaining the backing of the Congress (I) and its electoral allies he enjoyed the support of 280 members of the Lok Sabha, and he demanded the right to constitute a new government. Even though his rump party accounted for only one-ninth of the members of the Lok Sabha, Chandra Shekhar succeeded in forming a new minority Government and becoming Prime Minister (with Devi Lal as deputy prime minister). However, Chandra Shekhar's government fell less than four months later, after the Congress (I) withdrew its support. Its second spell of power began in 1996, when the Janata Dal-led

coalition came to power, with outside support from the congress under

Sitaram Kesri Sitaram Kesri (15 November 1919 – 24 October 2000) was an Indian politician and parliamentarian. He became a union minister and served as President of the Indian National Congress from 1996 to 1998. __TOC__ Political career Pre-Independen ...

, choosing

H. D. Deve Gowda Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda (; born 18 May 1933 in) is an Indian politician from the state of Karnataka. He served as the 11th prime minister of India from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997. He was previously the 14th Chief Minister of Karn ...

as their prime minister. The congress withdrew their support in less than a year, hoping to gain power with the support of various United Front constituent groups, and I. K. Gujral became the next prime minister. His government too fell in a few months, and in February 1998, the Janata Dal-led coalition lost power to the

List of prime ministers

Vice President of India

Krishan Kant Krishan Kant (28 February 1927 – 27 July 2002) was an Indian politician who served as the tenth vice president of India from 1997 until his death 2002. Formerly, he was the governor of Andhra Pradesh from 1990 to 1997. He was a member of Lok ...

Party Presidents

V P Singh (1989)

Sharad Yadav Sharad Yadav (born 1 July 1947) is a politician from Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) party. He has been elected to Lok Sabha seven times and to Rajya Sabha thrice from JD(U). He was the first national president of Janata Dal (United) since its form ...

(1999)

National Units

Thakur Ji Pathak Shaheed Thakur Ji Pathak (1968 – 1994) was an Indian social activist and politician. He was National General Secretary of Janata Dal. In 1994, Thakur Ji Pathak was murdered by some anti social elements. Early years Thakur Ji Pathak was born i ...

(1989 – 1994)

State Units

Karnataka

''Presidents''

B. Rachaiah (1989)

Siddaramaiah Siddaramaiah (born 3 August 1947), also referred to by his nickname Siddu, Siddaramaiah served as Chief Minister of Karnataka from 13 May 2013 to 17 May 2018 and currently serving as the leader of the opposition in Karnataka Legislative Assemb ...

(Feb 1999) C. Byre Gowda (July 1999)

''General Secretary''

Jeevaraj Alva Jeevaraj Alva (1947–2001) was an Indian politician and a minister in the government of Karnataka. Career Alva was minister in the Government of Karnataka and Vice President of Janata Dal (United). Jeevaraj Alva was a trained physician from St ...

(1989-1990)

C. Narayanaswamy C. Narayanaswamy is a former MP (1996–97) having represented Bangalore North Constituency. He is currently associated with Indian National Congress (INC). Political career Narayanaswamy was a member of the Janata Dal (Secular) and became B ...

(1999)

Tamil Nadu

''President''

Sivaji Ganesan Villupuram Chinnaiya Manrayar Ganesamoorthy, better known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan, (1 October 1928 – 21 July 2001) was an Indian actor and producer. He was active in Tamil cinema during the latter half of the 20th century. Sivaji Ga ...

Janata Dal factions

Pro-National Democratic Alliance parties

Lok Janshakti Party The Lok Janshakti Party ( LJP, "People’s Manpower Party") was a state political party mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The party was formed in 2000 when Ram Vilas Paswan split from Janata Dal. The party had a considerable followin ...

led by

Chirag Paswan Chirag Kumar Paswan is an Indian politician, former actor and president of the Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) He is the son of late Member of Parliament and Union Minister, Ram Vilas Paswan. Early life and acting career His father, a Bih ...

Jannayak Janata Party The Jannayak Janta Party, abbreviated as, JJP is an Indian state-level political party in Haryana, India. JJP is a recognized state political party. JJP was founded on 9 December 2018 by Dushyant Chautala with the ideology of Devi Lal, who se ...

(JJP) led by

Ajay Singh Chautala Ajay Singh Chautala (born 13 March 1961) is a former Indian MP and sports administrator. He is elder son of former Chief Minister of Haryana Om Prakash Chautala and father of current Deputy Chief Minister of Haryana Dushyant Chautala. Bio ...

Hindustani Awam Morcha (Secular) Hindustani may refer to: * something of, from, or related to Hindustan (another name of India) * Hindustani language, an Indo-Aryan language, whose two official norms are Hindi and Urdu * Fiji Hindi, a variety of Eastern Hindi spoken in Fiji, and ...

led by Jitan Ram Manjhi *

Samata Party The Samata Party (SAP) is a political party in India, initially formed in 1994 by George Fernandes and Nitish Kumar, now led by Uday Mandal its National President. Samata Party once launched Nitish Kumar as the Chief Minister of Bihar. It was ...

, party of

George Fernandes George Mathew Fernandes (3 June 1930 – 29 January 2019) was an Indian trade unionist, statesman, and journalist, who served as the 22nd Defence Minister of India from 1998 until 2004. He was a member of Lok Sabha for over 30 years, starting f ...

and now led by

Uday Mandal Uday or Odai is a masculine name in Arabic as well as several Indian languages. In many Indian languages it means 'dawn' or 'rise'. The Arabic name (عدي) means 'runner' or 'rising'. List of people * Uday Benegal, Indian musician * Uday Pratap S ...

its President *

Socialist Janata Dal Socialist Janata Dal or SJD is a party split from the Janata Dal (United) party. "Socialist Janata Dal" had an alliance with National Democratic Alliance (India) in Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was ...

led by V. V. Rajendran * Lok Aawaz Dal led by

Shambhu Sharan Shrivastava Dr. Shambhu Sharan Shrivastava is a Bihar politician who was a former leader of Samata Party (now led by Uday Mandal its President) and Janata Dal (United). He was sacked from the Janata Dal (United) in 2011 due to anti party activities. He was m ...

Pro-United Progressive Alliance parties

Indian Socialist Party The Indian Socialist Party was a political party in the Indian state of Kerala. ISP was founded in May 1969, by the majority of the erstwhile Kerala Samyukta Socialist Party (a splinter group of the Samyukta Socialist Party). The two KSSP ministe ...

led by

Thampan Thomas Thampan Thomas is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Mavelikara, Kerala in 1984 as a member of the Janata Party. He is president of Socialist Party (India) Socialist Party has ...

Non-NDA/UPA parties

led by

Nitish Kumar Nitish Kumar (born 1 March 1951) is an Indian politician, who is serving as Chief Minister of Bihar since 22 February 2015, having previous held the office from 2005 to 2014 and for a short period in 2000. The leader of the Janata Dal (Unite ...

led by

Naveen Patnaik Naveen Patnaik (born 16 October 1946) is an Indian politician serving as the current and 14th Chief Minister of Odisha. He is also the president of the Biju Janata Dal, a writer and has authored three books. He is the longest-serving chief min ...

* Rashtriya Janata Dal led by

(left UPA in July 2021) * Janata Dal (Secular) led by

(left UPA in August 2019) *

Samajwadi Party The Samajwadi Party ( SP; translation: ''Socialist Party'', founded 4 October 1992) is a Socialism, socialist political party in India, headquartered in New Delhi but mainly based in Uttar Pradesh, with significant presence in other states as w ...

(SP) led by

Mulayam Singh Yadav Mulayam Singh Yadav (22 November 1939 – 10 October 2022) was an Indian politician, a socialist figure and the founder of the Samajwadi Party. In the course of his political career spanning more than six decades, he served for three terms as ...

and

Akhilesh Yadav Akhilesh is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Akhilesh Das (1961–2017), educationist, professor, Indian politician and philanthropist * Akhilesh K. Gaharwar (born 1982), Indian academic and Professor at Texas A&M University * ...

Indian National Lok Dal Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) is a political party in India, in the state of Haryana. INLD was founded in October 1996 as Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya) by Choudhary Devi Lal, who served as Deputy Prime Minister of India in the V.P. Singh's Cabin ...

(INLD) led by

Om Prakash Chautala Om Prakash Chautala (born 1 January 1935) is an Indian politician from Haryana who served as a former Chief Minister of Haryana from Indian National Lok Dal and son of 6th Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Devi Lal. Biography Chautala is the ...

Rashtriya Lok Dal Rashtriya Lok Dal (abbreviated as RLD) (translation: National People's Party) is a political party in India founded by Chaudhary Ajit Singh. He was carrying on the political legacy of his father and former Prime Minister of India, Chaudhary Ch ...

led by Ajit Singh *

Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik); English: People's Rights Party (Democratic) is a political party in Bihar, India. The party was formed by Indian politician Pappu Yadav in May 2015. Pappu Yadav wa a Member of Parliament from Madhepura and was exp ...

led by

Pappu Yadav Rajesh Ranjan (born 24 December 1967), better known as Pappu Yadav, is an Indian politician. He won elections to the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Parliament of India) in 1991, 1996, 1999, 2004 and 2014 from several constituencies in Bihar ...

Garib Janta Dal (Secular) The Garib Janta Dal (Secular) ( hi, गरीब जनता दाल (सेक्युलर), abbreviated GJD(S)) is a political party in Bihar, India. The party was founded by former Lok Sabha MP Anirudh Prasad Yadav ('Sadhu Yadav') ahead of ...

led by

Sadhu Yadav Anirudh Prasad Yadav, better known as Sadhu Yadav (born 5 July 1967), is an Indian politician and founder of Garib Janta Dal (Secular). He has served in 14th Lok Sabha as MP of Gopalganj from 2004 to 2009 as Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) candid ...

, party of Late

now led by

Kamal Morarka Kamal Morarka (18 June 1946 – 15 January 2021) was an Indian union minister and businessman. He was a National president of the Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya). Political career When Janata Dal was formed in 1988, he was made treasurer o ...

* Loktantrik Samajwadi Party led by Raghu Thakur *

Samajwadi Jan Parishad Samajwadi Jana Parishad (translation: "Socialist People's Council"), is a political party in India. Foundation The party was founded in 1995 by late Kishen Pattanayak and many grassroot level political organisations who believed in creating an ...

party of Late

Kishen Pattanayak Kishen Pattnaik (30 June 1930 – 27 September 2004) was an Indian social leader, socialist thinker, author and activist. As a member of Parliament for the 3rd Lok Sabha, he represented the Praja Socialist Party for the Sambalpur Constitue ...

and now led by Adv. Kamal Banerjee *

Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic Samajwadi Janata Dal (Democratic) is a political party in India. Devendra Prasad Yadav is the leader of the party. The election symbol of the party is an air conditioner. On 24 March 2022, SJD(D) merged with Rashtriya Janata Dal. History Party ...

led by

Devendra Prasad Yadav Devendra Prasad Yadav (born 26 November 1953) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Jhanjharpur constituency of Bihar and was a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (United) and Janata Dal. He was the Secr ...

* Odisha Jan Morcha led by Late Pyarimohan Mohapatra *

Samata Kranti Dal Samata Kranti Dal (SKD) is a state political party of the Indian state of Odisha led by Braja Kishore Tripathy. It was founded on 13 May 2013. Samata Kranti Dal is allotted 'Scissor' symbol by the Election Commission of India. Ahead of the 201 ...

led by

Braja Kishore Tripathy Braja Kishore Tripathy (born 25 September 1947) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Puri Lok Sabha Constituency of Orissa as a member of the Biju Janata Dal ( BJD). He was a Cabinet Minister in NDA government in 13 ...

Socialist Party (India) Socialist Party has been the name of several political parties in India, all of which have their roots in the Congress Socialist Party during the freedom struggle. Background Socialism had a late appearance in Indian politics and this was at ...

led by Late.

Bhai Vaidya Bhalchandra Vaidya (22 June 1928 – 2 April 2018), also known as Bhai Vaidya, was an Indian politician who served as the Home Minister of the Indian state of Maharashtra, a revolutionary, Member of Legislative Assembly of the state of Mahara ...

and Dr. Prem Singh * Akhil Bhartiya Socialist Party (ABSP) led by Harinarain Mishra, follows ideology of Dr.

Ram Manohar Lohia Ram Manohar Lohia ; (23 March 1910 – 12 October 1967) was an activist in the Indian independence movement and a socialist political leader. During the last phase of British rule in India, he worked with the Congress Radio which was broadcast s ...

Raj Narain Raj Narain (23 November 1917 – 31 December 1986) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician. He won in a famous electoral malpractice case against the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, which led to her disqualification and imposition of ...

and

Janeshwar Mishra Janeshwar Mishra (5 August 1933 – 22 January 2010) was a politician from Samajwadi Party. He was a member of the Parliament of India and also represented Uttar Pradesh in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. He was ...

* Bharatiya Sablog Party led by Arun Kumar

Defunct parties

Rashtriya Lok Samata Party Rashtriya Lok Samta Party (abbreviated as RLSP; translation: ''National People's Equity Party'') was a political party in India led by Upendra Kushwaha. It was launched on 3 March 2013 and was based in the state of Bihar. The party came into ex ...

led by

Upendra Kushwaha Upendra Singh Kushwaha (born 6 February 1960) is an Indian politician and Member of Legislative Council of Bihar assembly. He was the former Minister of State for Human Resources and Development in the Government of India. He is former MP fro ...

(merged with Janata Dal United) *

Loktantrik Janata Dal The Loktantrik Janata Dal (LJD) was an unrecognized registered political party in India. It was nationally launched by Sharad Yadav and Ali Anwar in May 2018. The party was formed after Yadav parted ways from Janata Dal (United), due to its ...

led by

(merged with Rashtriya Janata Dal) * Socialist Janata Party led by Manju Mohan (merged with

) * Samras Samaj Party led by Nagmani (merged with

) *

Socialist Janata (Democratic) Party Socialist Janata (Democratic) Party broke away from Janata Dal (Secular). It merged with Janata Dal (United) on 29 December 2014. History The Kerala unit of the Janata Dal (Secular) is a part of the CPI (M)-led Left Democratic Front. The CPI(M ...

led by

M. P. Veerendra Kumar Maniyankode Padmaprabha Veerendra Kumar (22 July 1936 — 28 May 2020) was an Indian politician, writer and journalist, who was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha. He was a member of the Loktantrik Janata Dal political party and president of the ...

(merged with

) * Jan Morcha of Late V. P. Singh and led by

Ajeya Pratap Singh Ajeya Pratap Singh (born 1956), formerly known as Ajeya Singh, is an Indian politician, a member of the Indian National Congress, and the pretender to the throne of Manda. Political career He was a president of the Jan Morcha party which was la ...

(merged with

) *

Odisha Gana Parishad The Odisha Gana Parishad (''Odisha Popular Association''), was an Indian political party in the Indian state of Odisha, a splinter group of Biju Janata Dal. The party was founded on October 29, 2000. The president of OGP was Bijoy Mohapatra. Ma ...

led by

Bijoy Mohapatra Bijoy Mohapatra (born 7 November 1950) is a politician from Odisha. A leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, he was Irrigation Minister of Odisha from 1990 to 1995 in the Biju Patnaik cabinet. He was the most powerful minister (known as Super C ...

(merged with

Nationalist Congress Party The Nationalist Congress Party ( NCP) is one of the nine national parties in India. The party generally supports Indian nationalism and Gandhian secularism. It is the largest opposition party in Maharashtra and is also a significant party in ...

) *

All India Progressive Janata Dal All India Progressive Janata Dal (formerly All India Janata Dal), was a political party in India. AIJD was launched on 11 December 2002, by several leaders of Janata Dal (Secular) and Janata Dal (United) in Karnataka, including the main JD(U) lea ...

led by Late

Ramakrishna Hegde Ramakrishna Mahabaleshwar Hegde (29 August 1926 – 12 January 2004) was an Indian politician who served as the tenth Chief Minister of Karnataka for three terms between 1983 and 1988. He was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in 19 ...

and Late

S. R. Bommai Somappa Rayappa Bommai (6 June 1924 – 10 October 2007) was an Indian Politician who was the 11th Chief Minister of Karnataka. He was also the Human Resource Development Minister in the United Front government from 1996 to 1998. He is widely ...

(merged with

) *

Janata Dal (Left) Janata Dal (Left) is a breakaway faction of Janata Dal (Secular) led by, Surendra Mohan and M.P. Veerendra Kumar. This party is formed as a result of a split in JD(S) happened due to the decision of H.D. Deve Gowda and H.D. Kumaraswamy's decisi ...

led by Late Surendra Mohan and

(merged with Janata Dal (Secular)) *

Lok Shakti Lok Shakti ( lit. People's Power) is a political party in India. Lok Shakti was one of several parties that were formed when the Janata Dal crumbled in the mid-1990s. LS was formed in February 1997 after Ramakrishna Hegde was expelled from Janata ...

led by Late

(merged with

) *

Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohiya) Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohia) (translation: ''Progressive Socialist Party (Lohia)''), earlier known as Samajwadi Secular Morcha, was a political party formed by former cabinet minister of Uttar Pradesh Shivpal Singh Yadav after leaving th ...

led by Shivpal Singh Yadav (merged with

) *

Janata Dal (Gujarat) Janata Dal (Gujarat) was a political party in Gujarat, India. It was a splinter group of Janata Dal. This group was led by Chimanbhai Patel and Chhabildas Mehta. It was later dissolved and its leaders joined the Indian National Congress. Gujarat ...

led by Late

Chimanbhai Patel Chimanbhai Patel (3 June 1929 – 17 February 1994) was an Indian politician associated with Indian National Congress and Janata Dal, and a former Chief Minister of Gujarat state in India representing both those parties at various times. Patel ...

and Late

Chhabildas Mehta Chhabildas Mehta (4 November 1925 – 29 November 2008) was an Indian politician and the former Chief Minister of Gujarat who served from 1994 to 1995. Early life Mehta was in born in Mahuva, a port town in Gujarat. He left high school in 19 ...

(merged with

) * Janata Dal (Digvijay) led by Digvijay Singh (merged with

) *

Janata Dal (Ajit) The Janata Dal (Ajit Jat) was a political party in India. It merged with the Indian National Congress in the early 1990s. Its leader, Ajit Singh became a Ministry of Food Processing Industries in government led by P.V. Narasimha Rao from 1991 t ...

led by Ajit Singh (merged with

) * Janata Dal (Socialist) led by Late

Devi Lal Chaudhary Devi Lal (born Devi Dayal; 25 September 1915 – 6 April 2001) was an Indian statesman who served as 6th Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1991 in the governments of V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar. Also popularly known as ...

(renamed as Late

) * Punjab Janata Morcha (PJM), in English the Punjab Popular Front, was a

Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...

in the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

n state of

Punjab Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...

. The party formed in 1989 as a splinter group of the Janata Dal. The party failed to win any election seats in its lifetime. Party president Kirpal Singh announced that the PJM was disbanded in 1997. Most members joined the Jan Morcha by 2003.

References

{{Janata Parivar parties Political parties in India V. P. Singh administration 1988 establishments in India 1999 disestablishments in India Political parties disestablished in 1999 Political parties established in 1988