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Jacob Fleck (8 November 1881 in
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
as Jacob Julius Fleck – 19 September 1953, also in Vienna) was an Austrian
film director A film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay (or script) while guiding the film crew and actors in the fulfilment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, p ...
,
screenwriter A screenplay writer (also called screenwriter, scriptwriter, scribe or scenarist) is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media, such as films, television programs and video games, are based. ...
,
film producer A film producer is a person who oversees film production. Either employed by a production company or working independently, producers plan and coordinate various aspects of film production, such as selecting the script, coordinating writing, di ...
and cameraman. He is noted for his long-standing professional partnership with his wife
Luise Fleck Luise Fleck, also known as Luise Kolm or Luise Kolm-Fleck, née Louise or Luise Veltée (1 August 1873–15 March 1950), was an Austrian film director, and has been considered the second ever female feature film director in the world, after A ...
who co-directed his films with him.


Biography

In 1910, together with
Anton Kolm Anton Kolm (12 October 1865 in Vienna as Gustav Anton Kolm – 11 October 1922, also in Vienna) was an Austrian photographer who became one of the first film directors and film producers in the history of Austrian cinema. A skilled photographe ...
, Kolm's wife Luise (who later married Fleck), and her brother Claudius Veltée, Jacob Fleck established the film production company ''Erste Österreichische Kinofilms-Industrie'' in Wien-
Alsergrund Alsergrund (; Central Bavarian: ''Oisagrund'') is the ninth district of Vienna, Austria (german: 9. Bezirk, Alsergrund). It is located just north of the first, central district, Innere Stadt. Alsergrund was incorporated in 1862, with seven suburbs. ...
. The company changed its name only a year later to ''Wiener Kunstfilm-Industrie'', in which Fleck worked partly as a cameraman, but principally as a producer and director together with Luise Kolm in making numerous films. Anton Kolm died in 1922. In 1923 Fleck moved with Luise Kolm to Berlin, where they married in 1924: Luise was known from then on as
Luise Fleck Luise Fleck, also known as Luise Kolm or Luise Kolm-Fleck, née Louise or Luise Veltée (1 August 1873–15 March 1950), was an Austrian film director, and has been considered the second ever female feature film director in the world, after A ...
. Both of them worked for Hegewald-Film and
UFA Ufa ( ba, Өфө , Öfö; russian: Уфа́, r=Ufá, p=ʊˈfa) is the largest city and capital of Bashkortostan, Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Belaya and Ufa rivers, in the centre-north of Bashkortostan, on hills forming the ...
. In the 1920s they were known as the "director-couple" (''Regieehepaar''). In this period they produced between 30 and 40 films, but in 1933, after
Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then ...
took power, they returned to Austria, as Jacob Fleck was Jewish. In 1938, as an effect of the
Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...
(the annexation of Austria to Germany), Jews were categorically excluded from the film industry.in practice they had been more or less excluded since 1936, when Germany pressurised the Austrian film industry to follow German race laws by threatening to ban all Austrian film imports into Germany Fleck was obliged to earn his living as a photographer's re-toucher. In 1938 he was interned, at first in the
concentration camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply ...
Buchenwald Buchenwald (; literally 'beech forest') was a Nazi concentration camp established on hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937. It was one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps within Germany's 1937 borders. Many actual or su ...
, then in Dachau, and then again in
Buchenwald Buchenwald (; literally 'beech forest') was a Nazi concentration camp established on hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937. It was one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps within Germany's 1937 borders. Many actual or su ...
, for a total period of just over 16 months. In 1939/40 both the Flecks emigrated to
Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
. The Chinese director
Fei Mu Fei Mu (October 10, 1906 — January 31, 1951), also romanised as Fey Mou, was a Cinema of China, Chinese film director of the pre-Communist era. His ''Spring in a Small Town'' (1948) was declared the greatest Chinese film ever made by the Hong ...
filmed with them as a co-production the film '' Söhne und Töchter der Welt'' ("Sons and Daughters of the World"). It was the only collaboration between Chinese and foreign film artists prior to the foundation of the
People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, and premiered on 4 October 1941 in the Yindu Theatre in Shanghai. In 1947, the year of the opening of Austria's first post-war film studio - Belvedere Film, established by
Emmerich Hanus Emmerich Hanus (24 August 1884 – 20 November 1956) was an Austrian actor and film director. He appeared in 22 films between 1913 and 1949. His older brother was actor and film director Heinz Hanus. Selected filmography * ''The Other'' ( ...
and
Elfi von Dassanowsky Elfriede "Elfi" von Dassanowsky (February 2, 1924October 2, 2007) was an Austrian-born singer, pianist and film producer. Early life Elfi von Dassanowsky (also known as Elfi Dassanowsky or Elfriede Dassanowsky) was born Elfriede Maria Elisabe ...
- the Flecks returned to Austria, in order to plan their comeback, which however never took off. Jacob Fleck died in 1953, three years after his wife.


Selected filmography


As director

*1910 - ''Die Ahnfrau'' (directorial debut) *1911 - ''Hoffmanns Erzählungen'' * '' Die Glückspuppe'' (1911) *1912 - ''
Trilby A trilby is a narrow-brimmed type of hat. The trilby was once viewed as the rich man's favored hat; it is sometimes called the "brown trilby" in Britain Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). ''Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style''. Barnes & Noble. and ...
'' *1912 - ''Zweierlei Blut'' *1914 - ''Svengali'' * '' The Wedding of Valeni'' (1914) * '' The Priest from Kirchfeld'' (1914) *1915 - ''Der Traum des österreichischen Reservisten'' * ''
With Heart and Hand for the Fatherland ''With Heart and Hand for the Fatherland'' (German: ''Mit Herz und Hand fürs Vaterland'') is a 1915 Austrian silent war drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Hubert Marischka, Hermann Benke and Liane Haid. The compos ...
'' (1915) *1915 - ''Der Meineidbauer'' * ''
With God for Emperor and Empire ''With God for Emperor and Empire'' (German: ''Mit Gott für Kaiser und Reich'') is a 1916 German silent war drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Hermann Benke and Liane Haid. The celebrated operetta composer Karl Mi ...
'' (1916) * ''
On the Heights ''On the Heights'' (German: ''Auf der Höhe'') is a 1916 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Liane Haid, Hermann Benke and Wilhelm Klitsch.Parish p.245 Cast * Wilhelm Klitsch as Gregor Stark * Lian ...
'' (1916) * ''
Summer Idyll ''Summer Idyll'' (German: ''Sommeridylle'') is a 1916 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Liane Haid, Hermann Benke and Max Neufeld.Parish p.245 Cast * Margarete Thumann * Liane Haid * Hermann Benk ...
'' (1916) * '' The Vagabonds'' (1916) * ''
The Tragedy of Castle Rottersheim ''The Tragedy of Castle Rottersheim'' (German: ''Die Tragödie auf Schloss Rottersheim'') is a 1916 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Hermann Benke, Liane Haid and Cordy Millowitsch.Parish p.245 Lo ...
'' (1916) * '' The Black Hand'' (1917) * '' The Spendthrift'' (1917) * '' In the Line of Duty'' (1917) * '' The Stain of Shame'' (1917) * ''
Lebenswogen ''Lebenswogen'' is a 1917 Austro-Hungarian silent film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Wilhelm Klitsch, Liane Haid and Hermann Benke. The term "lebenswogen" translates to "life waves". Cast * Wilhelm Klitsch as Dr. Erwin ...
'' (1917) * ''
Double Suicide is a 1969 film directed by Masahiro Shinoda. It is based on the 1721 play ''The Love Suicides at Amijima'' by Monzaemon Chikamatsu. This play is often performed with puppets. In the film, the story is performed with live actors but makes use ...
'' (1918) * ''
Rigoletto ''Rigoletto'' is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi. The Italian libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on the 1832 play ''Le roi s'amuse'' by Victor Hugo. Despite serious initial problems with the Austrian censors who had cont ...
'' (1918) * '' Don Cesar, Count of Irun'' (1918) *1918 - ''Die Geißel der Menschheit'' *1918 - ''Die Jüdin'' *1919 - ''Lumpazivagabundus'' * ''
The Ancestress ''The Ancestress'' (German: ''Die Ahnfrau'') is a 1919 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Liane Haid, Max Neufeld and Karl Ehmann.Parish p.245 The same story had previously been shot in 1910. The ...
'' (1919) (for the second time; at more than 60 minutes, significantly longer than the first version) *1919 - ''Die Zauberin am Stein'' *1920 - ''Verschneit'' *1920 - ''Der Leiermann'' * '' The Voice of Conscience'' (1920) * '' Let the Little Ones Come to Me'' (1920) * ''
The Master of Life ''The Master of Life'' (German: ''Der Herr des Lebens'') is a 1920 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Karl Ehmann, Liane Haid and Max Neufeld.''European Visions: Small Cinemas in Transition'', p. ...
'' (1920) *1920 - ''Großstadtgift'' * ''
The Dancing Death ''The Dancing Death'' (German: ''Der tanzende Tod'') is a 1920 Austrian silent film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Karl Ehmann, Liane Haid and Max Neufeld.Parish p.245 Cast * Karl Ehmann as Graf Kürbach * Liane Haid * ...
'' (1920) * ''
Eva, The Sin ''Eva, The Sin'' (German: ''Eva, die Sünde'') is a 1920 Austrian silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Liane Haid, Max Neufeld and Karl Ehmann.Von Dassanowsky p.25 Cast * Liane Haid as Eva * Max Neufeld a ...
'' (1920) * '' Spring Awakening'' (1924) *1926 - ''Der Meineidbauer'' * '' The Priest from Kirchfeld'' (1926) * ''
The Orlov The Orlov (German: ''Der Orlow'') is a 1927 German silent film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Vivian Gibson, Hans Junkermann and Georg Alexander. It was shot at the Babelsberg and Staaken Studios in Berlin. The film's sets ...
'' (1927) * ''
The Prince's Child ''The Prince's Child'' (German: ''Das Fürstenkind'') is a 1927 German silent film, silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Harry Liedtke, Vivian Gibson and Evi Eva.Bock & Bergfelder p.285 It is based on Franz Lehá ...
'' (1927) * '' A Girl of the People'' (1927) * ''
Flirtation Flirting or coquetry is a Social behavior, social and Human sexual activity, sexual behavior involving spoken or written communication, as well as body language. It is either to suggest interest in a deeper relationship with the other person o ...
'' (1927) * ''
The Beggar Student ''Der Bettelstudent'' (''The Beggar Student'') is an operetta in three acts by Carl Millöcker with a German libretto by Camillo Walzel (under the pseudonym of F. Zell) and Richard Genée, based on ''Les noces de Fernande'' by Victorien Sar ...
'' (1927) * '' The Merry Vineyard'' (1927) * '' Doctor Schäfer'' (1928) * ''
The Beloved of His Highness ''The Beloved of His Highness'' (german: Die Geliebte seiner Hoheit) is a 1928 German silent comedy film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Vivian Gibson, Mary Kid and Lia Eibenschütz. It was based on an operetta, by Jean Gi ...
'' (1928) * '' Yacht of the Seven Sins'' (1928) * ''
The Little Slave ''The Little Slave'' (German: ''Die kleine Sklavin'') is a 1928 German silent comedy film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Grete Mosheim, Fritz Richard and Trude Hesterberg.Krautz p.170 The film's art direction was by Er ...
'' (1928) * ''
The Most Beautiful Woman in Paris ''The Most Beautiful Woman in Paris'' (german: Die schönste Frau von Paris) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Elga Brink, Werner Fuetterer, and Warwick Ward.Bock & Bergfelder p. 248 The film's s ...
'' (1928) * ''
His Majesty's Lieutenant ''His Majesty's Lieutenant'' (German: ''Der Leutnant Ihrer Majestät'') is a 1929 German silent romance film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise FleckPrawer p.85 and starring Iván Petrovich, Agnes Esterhazy and Georg Alexander. It was shot at the ...
'' (1929) * '' The Happy Vagabonds'' (1929) * '' The Tsarevich'' (1929) * ''
Crucified Girl ''Crucified Girl'' (German: ''Mädchen am Kreuz'') is a 1929 German silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise FleckPrawer p.85 and starring Valerie Boothby, Gertrud de Lalsky and Evelyn Holt. It was shot at the Johannisthal Studios in ...
'' (1929) * '' The Right to Love'' (1930) *'' The Citadel of Warsaw'' (1930) * ''
When the Soldiers ''When the Soldiers'' (German: ''Wenn die Soldaten'') is a 1931 German comedy film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Otto Wallburg, Gretl Theimer and Ida Wüst Ida Wüst (; 10 October 1884 – 4 October 1958) was a German s ...
'' (1931) * '' An Auto and No Money'' (1932) * ''
Our Emperor ''Our Emperor'' (German: ''Unser Kaiser'') is a 1933 Austria period comedy film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Karl Ehmann, Alfred Neugebauer and Susi Lanner.Von Dassanowsky p.207 It takes place during the reign of Franz ...
'' (1933) *1935 - ''Csardas'' * '' The Priest from Kirchfeld'' (1937) *1941 - ''Söhne und Töchter der Welt''


As producer

* '' Der Müller und sein Kind'' (1911) * ''Die Zauberin am Stein'' (1919) *- ''Winterstürme'' (1920) * '' Doctor Ruhland'' (1920) * ''Söhne und Töchter der Welt'' (1941, co-producer with Luise Fleck)


As screenwriter

*1912 - ''Zweierlei Blut'' *1917 - ''Mir kommt keiner aus'' *1918 - ''Die Geisel der Menschheit'' *1920 - ''Eva, die Sünde'' *1924 - ''Frühlingserwachen'' *1941 - ''Söhne und Töchter der Welt''


Notes


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Fleck, Jacob 1881 births 1953 deaths Film people from Vienna Austrian film directors Austrian film producers Austrian male screenwriters Austrian Jews Buchenwald concentration camp survivors Dachau concentration camp survivors Filmmaking duos Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss 20th-century Austrian screenwriters 20th-century Austrian male writers