The Junkers T 19, originally known as the J 19, was a single-engined

parasol wing A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple planes. A monoplane has inherently the highest efficiency and lowest drag of any wing confi ...

ed all-metal 2/3-seat aircraft built in Germany in the early 1920s for

training Training is teaching, or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge or fitness that relate to specific useful competencies. Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, productivity and performance. I ...

and touring. Its construction was too expensive for commercial success and only three were built, one later finding use as an engine test-bed.

Design and development

The Junkers T 19 was the first of three Junkers aircraft aimed at the private market; because of the high construction costs of all-metal light planes compared to their canvas covered contemporaries, none was successful. It was built mostly from duralumin with a tubular-membered frame covered by corrugated sheet. The wing was a cantilever structure, without the lift struts to mid wing seen on most parasol winged aircraft. It had a constant chord centre section with outboard taper on both leading and trailing edges. The ailerons were short and wide chord, with curved trailing edges that projected beyond that of the wing. Four sets of V and inverted-V struts attached the wing to the upper fuselage longerons. The tapered fuselage was flat sided, with a long open cockpit reaching from leading to trailing edge. The pilot sat at the front immediately behind the engine. Seats for one or two passengers could be fitted in the rear with access via a triangular shaped starboard side door. The tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage and carried horn balanced elevators. The combination of a triangular fin and straight edged rudder, which extended down to the bottom of the fuselage in a cut out between the elevators, gave the vertical surface a rather pointed look. The main undercarriage legs, with prominent shock absorbers, were mounted on the upper fuselage longerons. Two bracing struts reached forward to the lower fuselage below the engine and the wheels were linked by a hinged axle centrally mounted to the lower fuselage with further struts.

Operational history

The T 19 first flew on 14 July 1922, powered by a 55 hp (41 kW)

Siemens-Halske Sh 4 The Siemens-Halske Sh 4 was a five-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engine for aircraft built in Germany in the 1920s. First run in 1921, it was rated at 40 kW (55 hp). Applications * Albatros L 59 * Albatros L 71 * Caspar U.1 * Dietri ...

5-cylinder radial engine. Two more T 19s were flown, one with a 77 hp (57 kW) 7-cylinder Sh 5 engine and the other with a 110 hp (82 kW) 9-cylinder Sh 12. The second T 19 was used as an engine test bed and was the first aircraft to fly with Junkers' first flight petrol engine, the air-cooled 75 hp (56 kW) 6-cylinder inline L1 of 1921. It also flew with a 1926

Armstrong Siddeley Genet The Armstrong Siddeley Genet was a five-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engine for aircraft use built in the UK, first run in 1926. It developed 80 hp at 2,200 rpm in its final form and was a popular light aircraft powerplant. Followin ...

. The third T 19 was sold to India.

Specifications (Genet engine)

References

{{Junkers aircraft T 019 1920s German civil aircraft Aircraft first flown in 1922