''Juncus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

monocotyledon Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, (Lilianae ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are grass and grass-like flowering plants (angiosperms), the seeds of which typically contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. They constitute one of ...

ous

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family

Juncaceae Juncaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the rush family. It consists of 8 genera and about 464 known species of slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous monocotyledonous plants that may superficially resemble grasses and s ...

, containing around 300 species.

Description

Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superficially resemble

grasses Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns ...

sedge The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, the largest being the "true sedges" genus '' Carex'' ...

s. They have historically received little attention from botanists; in his 1819 monograph,

James Ebenezer Bicheno James Ebenezer Bicheno (25 January 1785 – 25 February 1851) was a British author and colonial official. Bicheno was born in Newbury, Berkshire, the son of the Rev. James Bicheno, who was minister of the Baptist Church there. He was call ...

described the genus as "obscure and uninviting". The form of the flower differentiates rushes from grasses or sedges. The flowers of ''Juncus'' comprise five

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

of floral parts: three sepals, three petals (or, taken together, six tepals), two to six stamens (in two whorls) and a stigma with three lobes. The stems are round in cross-section, unlike those of

s, which are typically somewhat triangular in cross-section. In ''Juncus'' section ''Juncotypus'' (formerly called ''Juncus'' subg. ''Genuini''), which contains some of the most widespread and familiar species, the leaves are reduced to sheaths around the base of the stem and the bract subtending the inflorescence closely resembles a continuation of the stem, giving the appearance that the inflorescence is lateral.

Distribution and ecology

''Juncus'' has a cosmopolitan distribution, with species found throughout the world, with the exception of

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest cont ...

. They typically grow in cold or wet habitats, and in the tropics, are most common in

montane Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial ...

environments.

Fossil record

Several

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

fruits of a ''Juncus'' species have been described from middle Miocene strata of the Fasterholt area near

Silkeborg Silkeborg () is a Danish town with a population of 49,747 (1 January 2022).Jutland Jutland ( da, Jylland ; german: Jütland ; ang, Ēota land ), known anciently as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula ( la, Cimbricus Chersonesus; da, den Kimbriske Halvø, links=no or ; german: Kimbrische Halbinsel, links=no), is a peninsula of ...

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark , establish ...

.Angiosperm Fruits and Seeds from the Middle Miocene of Jutland (Denmark) by

Else Marie Friis Else Marie Friis (born 18 June 1947) is a Danish botanist and paleontologist. She is Professor Emerita in the Department of Geoscience at Aarhus University. Her work has been fundamental in the phylogenetic analysis of angiosperms, with widespr ...

, The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters 24:3, 1985

Classification

The genus ''Juncus'' was first named by

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his Nobility#Ennoblement, ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalise ...

in his 1753 '. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ...

of the genus was designated by

Frederick Vernon Coville Frederick Vernon Coville (March 23, 1867 – January 9, 1937) was an American botanist who participated in the Death Valley Expedition (1890-1891), was honorary curator of the United States National Herbarium (1893-1937), worked at then was Chi ...

, who in 1913 chose the first species in Linnaeus' account, ''

Juncus acutus ''Juncus acutus'', the spiny rush, sharp rush or sharp-pointed rush, is a flowering plant in the monocot family Juncaceae found throughout the Americas, Northern and Southern Africa, Western and Southern Europe and West Asia. It grows in salt m ...

''. ''Juncus'' can be divided into two major groups, one group with

cymose An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphology (biology), Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of sperma ...

s that include

bracteole In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or o ...

s, and one with

racemose A raceme ( or ) or racemoid is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing flowers having short floral stalks along the shoots that bear the flowers. The oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the s ...

inflorescences with no bracteoles. The genus is divided into the following subgenera and sections: * ''Juncus'' subg. ''Juncus'' ** sect. ''Juncus'' ** sect. ''Graminei'' (Engelm.) Engelm. ** sect. ''Caespitosi'' Cout. ** sect. ''Stygiopsis'' Kuntze ** sect. ''Ozophyllum'' Dumort. ** sect. ''Iridifolii'' Snogerup & Kirschner * ''Juncus'' subg. ''Poiophylli'' Buchenau ** sect. ''Tenageia'' Dumort. ** sect. ''Steirochloa'' Griseb. ** sect. ''Juncotypus'' Dumort. ** sect. ''Forskalina'' Kuntze

Species

'' Plants of the World Online'' accepts the following species in the genus ''Juncus'': *'' Juncus acuminatus'' Michx. *'' Juncus acutiflorus'' Ehrh. ex Hoffm. *''

'' L. *''

Juncus aemulans ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Liebm. *'' Juncus alatus'' Franch. & Sav. *'' Juncus alexandri'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus allioides ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Franch. *'' Juncus alpigenus'' K.Koch *'' Juncus × alpiniformis'' Fernald *'' Juncus alpinoarticulatus'' Chaix *''

Juncus amabilis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Edgar *'' Juncus amplifolius'' A.Camus *'' Juncus amuricus'' (Maxim.) V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *'' Juncus anatolicus'' Snogerup *''

Juncus anceps ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Laharpe *'' Juncus andersonii'' Buchenau *'' Juncus andinus'' Balslev *''

Juncus antarcticus ''Juncus antarcticus'', also known as dwarf rush, is a flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae, native to New Zealand and Australia. Description It is a dwarf perennial that forms cushions and has well-developed rhizomes and stol ...

'' Hook.f. *'' Juncus anthelatus'' (Wiegand) R.E.Brooks & Whittem. *'' Juncus arcticus'' Willd. *''

Juncus aridicola ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus articulatus ''Juncus articulatus'' is a flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae. It is known by the common name jointleaf rush or jointed rush, which can also refer to '' J. kraussii'' from Australia. It is native to Eurasia, Canada, Greenland ...

'' L. *''

Juncus astreptus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus atratus'' Krock. *'' Juncus australis'' Hook.f. *'' Juncus austrobrasiliensis'' Balslev *'' Juncus baekdusanensis'' M.Kim *'' Juncus balticus'' Willd. *'' Juncus bassianus'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus batrachium ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Veldkamp *'' Juncus benghalensis'' Kunth *'' Juncus beringensis'' Buchenau *'' Juncus biflorus'' Elliott *'' Juncus biglumis'' L. *''

Juncus biglumoides ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' H.Hara *''

Juncus bolanderi ''Juncus bolanderi'' is a species of rush known by the common name Bolander's rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to northern California, where it grows in many types of wet habitat, such as marshes, beaches, and me ...

'' Engelm. *'' Juncus brachycarpus'' Engelm. *'' Juncus brachycephalus'' (Engelm.) Buchenau *'' Juncus brachyphyllus'' Wiegand *'' Juncus brachyspathus'' Maxim. *'' Juncus brachystigma'' Sam. *'' Juncus brasiliensis'' Breistr. *'' Juncus brevibracteus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus brevicaudatus'' (Engelm.) Fernald *'' Juncus breviculmis'' Balslev *''

Juncus breweri ''Juncus breweri'' is a species of rush known by the common name Brewer's rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to northern California, where it grows in coastal habitat such as beaches and marshes. It is a perennial ...

'' Engelm. *''

Juncus × brueggeri ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Domin *'' Juncus bryoides'' F.J.Herm. *'' Juncus bryophilus'' W.W.Sm. *'' Juncus bufonius'' L. *'' Juncus bulbosus'' L. *'' Juncus burkartii'' Barros *''

Juncus caesariensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Coville *'' Juncus caespiticius'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus canadensis'' J.Gay ex Laharpe *''

Juncus capensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Thunb. *'' Juncus capillaceus'' Lam. *'' Juncus capillaris'' F.J.Herm. *''

Juncus capitatus ''Juncus capitatus'' is a species of rush known by the common names dwarf rush and leafybract dwarf rush. It is native to Europe, Asia and North Africa. It is also an introduced species in parts of North America such as California and the Gulf ...

'' Weigel *'' Juncus castaneus'' Sm. *'' Juncus cephalostigma'' Sam. *'' Juncus cephalotes'' Thunb. *'' Juncus chiapasensis'' Balslev *'' Juncus chlorocephalus'' Engelm. *'' Juncus chrysocarpus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus clarkei'' Buchenau *''

Juncus compressus ''Juncus compressus'' is a species of flowering plant in the rush family, Juncaceae. It is native to temperate Eurasia.''Juncus compressus'' is easy to confuse with ''J. gerardii.'' Description About 80 cm in height. Rhizomes are short-cr ...

'' Jacq. *'' Juncus concinnus'' D.Don *'' Juncus concolor'' Sam. *'' Juncus confusus'' Coville *''

Juncus conglomeratus ''Juncus conglomeratus'', known commonly as compact rush, is a perennial, herbaceous flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae.Juncus continuus ''Juncus continuus'' is a plant found in many parts of Australia. Often growing on sandy, moist soils, near fresh water. The specific epithet refers to the continuous pith within the stems. Basal leaves are reduced to sheaths, coloured yellow/gr ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus cooperi'' Engelm. *'' Juncus cordobensis'' Barros *'' Juncus coriaceus'' Mack. *'' Juncus × correctus'' Steud. *'' Juncus covillei'' Piper *''

Juncus crassistylus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' A.Camus *'' Juncus curtisiae'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus curvatus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus cyperoides'' Laharpe *'' Juncus debilis'' A.Gray *'' Juncus decipiens'' (Buchenau) Nakai *'' Juncus × degenianus'' Boros *'' Juncus densiflorus'' Kunth *''

Juncus deosaicus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Noltie *'' Juncus diastrophanthus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus dichotomus'' Elliott *'' Juncus diemii'' Barros *'' Juncus diffusissimus'' Buckley *'' Juncus × diffusus'' Hoppe *''

Juncus digitatus ''Juncus digitatus'' is a rare species of rush known by the common name finger rush. It is endemic to Shasta County, California, where it is known from only two occurrences near Shingletown. It occurs in spring-moist habitat such as vernal pool ...

'' C.W.Witham & Zika *'' Juncus distegus'' Edgar *'' Juncus dolichanthus'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus dongchuanensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' K.F.Wu *'' Juncus × donyanae'' Fern.-Carv. *''

Juncus dregeanus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Kunth *''

Juncus drummondii ''Juncus drummondii'' is a species of rush known by the common name Drummond's rush. It is native to western North America from northern Canada and Alaska to New Mexico, where it grows in wet coniferous forest and alpine meadows and slopes. Thi ...

'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus dubius'' Engelm. *'' Juncus dudleyi'' Wiegand *'' Juncus dulongjiongensis'' Novikov *'' Juncus durus'' L.A.S.Johnson & K.L.Wilson *'' Juncus duthiei'' (C.B.Clarke) Noltie *'' Juncus ebracteatus'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus echinocephalus'' Balslev *'' Juncus ecuadoriensis'' Balslev *''

Juncus edgariae ''Juncus edgariae'' is a species of rush, commonly called Edgar's rush or wīwī, that is endemic to New Zealand. The species was described in 2001 by Lawrie Johnson and Karen Wilson. It had previously been confused with ''Juncus gregiflorus' ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson & K.L.Wilson *''

Juncus effusus ''Juncus effusus'', with the common names common rush or soft rush, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae. In North America, the common name soft rush also refers to '' Juncus interior''. Distribution ' ...

'' L. *'' Juncus elbrusicus'' Galushko *''

Juncus elliottii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Chapm. *'' Juncus emmanuelis'' A.Fern. & J.G.García *'' Juncus engleri'' Buchenau *'' Juncus ensifolius'' Wikstr. *'' Juncus equisetinus'' Proskur. *'' Juncus ernesti-barrosi'' Barros *''

Juncus exiguus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' (Fernald & Wiegand) Lint ex Snogerup & P.F.Zika *'' Juncus exsertus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus falcatus'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus × fallax'' Trab. *'' Juncus fascinatus'' (M.C.Johnst.) W.M.Knapp *'' Juncus fauriei'' H.Lév. & Vaniot *'' Juncus fauriensis'' Buchenau *'' Juncus fernandez-carvajaliae'' Romero Zarco & Arán *'' Juncus filicaulis'' Buchenau *'' Juncus filiformis'' L. *'' Juncus filipendulus'' Buckley *''

Juncus fimbristyloides ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Noltie *'' Juncus firmus'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus flavidus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus fockei'' Buchenau *'' Juncus foliosus'' Desf. *''

Juncus fominii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Zoz *'' Juncus fontanesii'' J.Gay ex Laharpe *'' Juncus fugongensis'' S.Y.Bao *'' Juncus × fulvescens'' Fernald *'' Juncus ganeshii'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus georgianus'' Coville *'' Juncus gerardi'' Loisel. *'' Juncus giganteus'' Sam. *''

Juncus glaucoturgidus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Noltie *'' Juncus gonggae'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus × gracilescens'' F.J.Herm. ex Wadmond *'' Juncus gracilicaulis'' A.Camus *'' Juncus gracillimus'' (Buchenau) V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *''

Juncus greenei ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Oakes & Tuck. *''

Juncus gregiflorus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus grisebachii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Buchenau *''

Juncus guadeloupensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Buchenau & Urb. *''

Juncus gubanovii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Novikov *'' Juncus gymnocarpus'' Coville *''

Juncus haenkei ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus hallii'' Engelm. *''

Juncus harae ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus heldreichianus'' T.Marsson ex Parl. *'' Juncus hemiendytus'' F.J.Herm. *'' Juncus heptopotamicus'' V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *'' Juncus hesperius'' (Piper) Lint *'' Juncus heterophyllus'' Dufour *'' Juncus himalensis'' Klotzsch *''

Juncus holoschoenus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' R.Br. *'' Juncus homalocaulis'' F.Muell. ex Benth. *'' Juncus howellii'' F.J.Herm. *'' Juncus hybridus'' Brot. *''

Juncus hydrophilus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Noltie *''

Juncus imbricatus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Laharpe *''

Juncus inflexus ''Juncus inflexus'', the hard rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Juncus'', native to Europe, Asia and Africa, and introduced in Sri Lanka, Java, Île Amsterdam and Île Saint-Paul, Victoria in Australia, New Zealand, Uruguay, an ...

'' L. *'' Juncus ingens'' N.A.Wakef. *'' Juncus interior'' Wiegand *'' Juncus × inundatus'' Drejer *'' Juncus jacquinii'' L. *''

Juncus jaxarticus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *'' Juncus jinpingensis'' S.Y.Bao *'' Juncus kelloggii'' Engelm. *''

Juncus khasiensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus kingii'' Rendle *'' Juncus kleinii'' Barros *'' Juncus krameri'' Franch. & Sav. *''

Juncus kraussii ''Juncus kraussii'' commonly known as salt marsh rush, sea rush, jointed rush, matting rush or dune slack rush, is of the monocot family Juncaceae and genus Juncus. It grows in salt marshes, estuarine and coastal areas. This species is ideal a ...

'' Hochst. *'' Juncus kuohii'' M.J.Jung *'' Juncus laccatus'' P.F.Zika *'' Juncus laeviusculus'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus lancangensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Y.Y.Qian *'' Juncus × langii'' Erdner *''

Juncus leiospermus ''Juncus leiospermus'' is an uncommon species of rush known by the common name Red Bluff dwarf rush. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Central Valley and adjacent Sierra Nevada foothills to the east. Description ''J ...

'' F.J.Herm. *'' Juncus × lemieuxii'' B.Boivin *''

Juncus leptospermus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus lesueurii'' Bol. *'' Juncus leucanthus'' Royle ex D.Don *'' Juncus leucomelas'' Royle ex D.Don *'' Juncus liebmannii'' J.F.Macbr. *'' Juncus littoralis'' C.A.Mey. *''

Juncus llanquihuensis ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Barros *'' Juncus lomatophyllus'' Spreng. *'' Juncus longiflorus'' (A.Camus) Noltie *'' Juncus longii'' Fernald *'' Juncus longirostris'' Kuvaev *'' Juncus longistamineus'' A.Camus *'' Juncus longistylis'' Torr. *'' Juncus luciensis'' Ertter *'' Juncus luzuliformis'' Franch. *'' Juncus macrandrus'' Coville *''

Juncus macrantherus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *'' Juncus macrophyllus'' Coville *''

Juncus marginatus ''Juncus marginatus'' is a species of flowering plant, it is a type of Juncaceae, rush with the common names of margined rush and grass-leaf rush. Description ''Juncus marginatus'' is a grass-like, herbaceous, short-lived perennial growing from ...

'' Rostk. *''

Juncus maritimus ''Juncus maritimus'', known as the sea rush, is a species of rush that grows on coastlines. It is sometimes considered conspecific with '' Juncus kraussii''. It has a wide distribution across the western Palearctic realm (all of Europe, western ...

'' Lam. *'' Juncus maroccanus'' Kirschner *''

Juncus maximowiczii ''Juncus maximowiczii'' is a species of plant in the genus ''Juncus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Descript ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus megacephalus'' M.A.Curtis *'' Juncus megalophyllus'' S.Y.Bao *'' Juncus meianthus'' L.A.S.Johnson ex K.L.Wilson *'' Juncus membranaceus'' Royle *'' Juncus mertensianus'' Bong. *'' Juncus micranthus'' Schrad. ex E.Mey. *'' Juncus microcephalus'' Kunth *'' Juncus milashanensis'' A.M.Lu & Z.Y.Zhang *''

Juncus militaris ''Juncus militaris'', the bayonet rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae Juncaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the rush family. It consists of 8 genera and about 464 known species of slow-growin ...

'' Bigelow *'' Juncus minimus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus minutulus'' (Albert & Jahand.) Prain *'' Juncus modicus'' N.E.Br. *'' Juncus mollis'' L.A.S.Johnson *''

Juncus × montellii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Vierh. *'' Juncus × montserratensis'' Marcet *'' Juncus × murbeckii'' Sagorski *'' Juncus mustangensis'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus nepalicus'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *''

Juncus nevadensis ''Juncus nevadensis'' is a species of rush known by the common name Sierra rush. It is native to much of western North America from British Columbia to New Mexico, where it grows in wet areas in many habitat types. This is a rhizomatous perennia ...

'' S.Watson *'' Juncus nodatus'' Coville *'' Juncus × nodosiformis'' Fernald *''

Juncus nodosus ''Juncus nodosus'' is a species of rush known by the common name knotted rush. It is native to much of North America from northern Canada to central Mexico, where it grows in wet places from freshwater to salt marsh habitat. This is a rhizomato ...

'' L. *'' Juncus novae-zelandiae'' Hook.f. *''

Juncus nupela ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Veldkamp *''

Juncus obliquus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Adamson *'' Juncus × obotritorum'' Rothm. *''

Juncus occidentalis ''Juncus occidentalis'' is a species of rush known by the common name western rush. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in wet areas in many types of habitat. This is a bunching perennial herb with thin, stiff stems reachin ...

'' Wiegand *''

Juncus ochraceus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus ochrocoleus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus orchonicus'' Novikov *'' Juncus × oronensis'' Fernald *'' Juncus orthophyllus'' Coville *''

Juncus oxycarpus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' E.Mey. ex Kunth *'' Juncus oxymeris'' Engelm. *'' Juncus pallescens'' Lam. *''

Juncus pallidus ''Juncus pallidus'', commonly known as the great soft-rush pale rush, giant rush, or leafless rush is a species of rush that is native to southern Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, and Lord Howe Island. It is a vigorous, tufted, tussock ...

'' R.Br. *'' Juncus paludosus'' E.L.Bridges & Orzell *'' Juncus papillosus'' Franch. & Sav. *'' Juncus parryi'' Engelm. *''

Juncus patens ''Juncus patens'' is a species of rush, known by the common names spreading rush and California grey rush. It is native to the West Coast of the United States from Washington to California, and into Baja California, Mexico. It grows at seeps, ...

'' E.Mey. *''

Juncus pauciflorus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' R.Br. *'' Juncus pelocarpus'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus perpusillus'' Sam. *'' Juncus persicus'' Boiss. *'' Juncus pervetus'' Fernald *'' Juncus petrophilus'' Miyam. *''

Juncus phaeanthus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus phaeocephalus'' Engelm. *'' Juncus pictus'' Steud. *'' Juncus planifolius'' R.Br. *''

Juncus polyanthemus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus polycephalus'' Michx. *'' Juncus potaninii'' Buchenau *'' Juncus prismatocarpus'' R.Br. *'' Juncus procerus'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus prominens'' (Buchenau) Miyabe & Kudô *'' Juncus przewalskii'' Buchenau *'' Juncus psammophilus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus punctorius'' L.f. *''

Juncus pusillus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus pygmaeus'' Rich. ex Thuill. *'' Juncus pylaei'' Laharpe *'' Juncus radula'' Buchenau *'' Juncus ramboi'' Barros *'' Juncus ranarius'' Songeon & E.P.Perrier *'' Juncus ratkowskyanus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus rechingeri'' Snogerup *''

Juncus regelii ''Juncus regelii'' is a species of Juncus, rush known by the common name Regel's rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Utah, where it grows in moist mountainous habitat, such as meadows. This is a rhizome, rhizomato ...

'' Buchenau *'' Juncus remotiflorus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus repens'' Michx. *''

Juncus requienii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Parl. *''

Juncus revolutus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' R.Br. *''

Juncus rigidus ''Juncus rigidus'' is a species of rush known by the common name sea rush. It is native to much of Africa and parts of western Asia. It is found inland and by the sea in sandy saline habitats. Distribution and habitat ''Juncus rigidus'' is nat ...

'' Desf. *''

Juncus roemerianus ''Juncus roemerianus'' is a species of flowering plant in the rush family known by the common names black rush, needlerush, and black needlerush. It is native to North America, where its main distribution lies along the coastline of the southeas ...

'' Scheele *'' Juncus rohtangensis'' Goel & Aswal *'' Juncus × ruhmeri'' Asch. & Graebn. *'' Juncus rupestris'' Kunth *'' Juncus × sallandiae'' Corporaal & Schaminée *'' Juncus salsuginosus'' Turcz. ex C.A.Mey. *'' Juncus sandwithii'' Lourteig *''

Juncus sarophorus ''Juncus sarophorus'', the broom rush or fan-flowered rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae. Native to southeastern Australia, and all of New Zealand except the Kermadec Islands, it also has been introduced to Great Britai ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus saximontanus'' A.Nelson *''

Juncus scabriusculus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Kunth *'' Juncus scheuchzerioides'' Gaudich. *'' Juncus scirpoides'' Lam. *'' Juncus secundus'' P.Beauv. ex Poir. *''

Juncus semisolidus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus setchuensis'' Buchenau *'' Juncus sherei'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus sikkimensis'' Hook.f. *'' Juncus socotranus'' (Buchenau) Snogerup *'' Juncus sonderianus'' Buchenau *'' Juncus soranthus'' Schrenk *'' Juncus sorrentinoi'' Parl. *'' Juncus sparganiifolius'' Boiss. & Kotschy ex Buchenau *'' Juncus spectabilis'' Rendle *'' Juncus sphacelatus'' Decne. *''

Juncus sphaerocarpus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Nees *''

Juncus spumosus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Noltie *''

Juncus squarrosus ''Juncus squarrosus'', called goose corn, heath rush, and mosquito rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Juncus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the ...

'' L. *'' Juncus stenopetalus'' Adamson *'' Juncus stipulatus'' Nees & Meyen *''

Juncus striatus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Schousb. ex E.Mey. *'' Juncus × stuckeyi'' Reinking *'' Juncus stygius'' L. *'' Juncus subcaudatus'' (Engelm.) Coville & S.F.Blake *''

Juncus subglaucus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus subnodulosus'' Schrank *''

Juncus subsecundus ''Juncus subsecundus '', the fingered rush, is a species of rush found in many parts of Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the isl ...

'' N.A.Wakef. *'' Juncus subtilis'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus subulatus'' Forssk. *''

Juncus subulitepalus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' Balslev *'' Juncus supiniformis'' Engelm. *'' Juncus taonanensis'' Satake & Kitag. *''

Juncus tenageia ''Juncus tenageia'', called the sand rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Juncus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing ...

'' Ehrh. ex L.f. *''

Juncus tenuis ''Juncus tenuis'', the slender rush, is a clump-forming, round-stemmed perennial in the Juncaceae (rush family). Slender rush grows to be between 15 and 60 cm tall. Generally considered a weed, it is rarely sold by retailers as a household ...

'' Willd. *'' Juncus texanus'' (Engelm.) Coville *''

Juncus textilis ''Juncus textilis'' is a species of rush known by the common name basket rush. It is endemic to California, where it grows along the coast and in the coastal mountain ranges of the southern half of the state. Description ''Juncus textilis'' is ...

'' Buchenau *''

Juncus thomasii ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Ten. *'' Juncus thompsonianus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus thomsonii'' Buchenau *'' Juncus tiehmii'' Ertter *'' Juncus tingitanus'' Maire & Weiller *'' Juncus tobdeniorum'' Noltie *''

Juncus torreyi ''Juncus torreyi'' is a species of rush known by the common name Torrey's rush. It is native to North America, where it is widespread. It can be found in many habitats across the southern half of Canada, coast to coast in the United States, and ...

'' Coville *''

Juncus trachyphyllus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' Miyam. & H.Ohba *'' Juncus trichophyllus'' W.W.Sm. *'' Juncus triformis'' Engelm. *''

Juncus triglumis ''Juncus triglumis'', called the three-flowered rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Juncus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, ...

'' L. *'' Juncus trigonocarpus'' Steud. *'' Juncus trilocularis'' Zika *''

Juncus turkestanicus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfici ...

'' V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch. *'' Juncus uncialis'' Greene *''

Juncus uniflorus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfic ...

'' W.W.Sm. *'' Juncus uruguensis'' Griseb. *'' Juncus usitatus'' L.A.S.Johnson *'' Juncus vaginatus'' R.Br. *'' Juncus × valbrayi'' H.Lév. *''

Juncus validus ''Juncus validus'', the roundhead rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae, native to the central and southeastern United States. It is a somewhat weedy species, found along wet roadsides and in ditches. References

J ...

'' Coville *''

Juncus valvatus ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superfi ...

'' Link *''

Juncus vaseyi ''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plant, herbaceous pla ...

'' Engelm. *'' Juncus venturianus'' Castillón *'' Juncus virens'' Buchenau *'' Juncus wallichianus'' J.Gay ex Laharpe *'' Juncus xiphioides'' E.Mey. *'' Juncus yui'' S.Y.Bao

References

{{Authority control Poales genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus