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Juan de Salinas y Loyola (1492–19 January 1582) was a Spanish discoverer, conqueror and
Juan de Salinas y Loyola (1492–19 January 1582) was a Spanish discoverer, conqueror and hidalgo
Hidalgo may refer to:
People
* Hidalgo (nobility), members of the Spanish nobility
* Hidalgo (surname)
Places
Mexico
* Hidalgo (state), in central Mexico
* Hidalgo, Coahuila, a town in the north Mexican state of Coahuila
* Hidalgo, Nuevo Leà ...
belonging to the Alava branch of the House Hoñaz y Loyola of Azpeitia
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. He was the governor of Yaguarzongo and Bracamoros and the ''adelantado
''Adelantado'' (, , ; meaning "advanced") was a title held by Spanish nobles in service of their respective kings during the Middle Ages. It was later used as a military title held by some Spain, Spanish ''conquistadores'' of the 15th, 16th and 17 ...
'' of these provinces between 1571 and 1578.
Biography
He was the legitimate son of Bernardo Vélez de Loyola and Guiomar Fernández de Salinas, neighbors in the town of Salinas de Añana. He travelled to the Americas and participated withHernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca (; ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish ''conquistador'' who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of w ...
in the conquest of Mexico.
In 1531 he joined the company of Francisco Pizarro
Francisco Pizarro González, Marquess of the Atabillos (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru.
Born in Trujillo, Spain to a poor family, Pizarro chose ...
in the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spanish sol ...
, accompanying him to the Santa Elena Peninsula The Santa Elena Peninsula is a peninsula in Santa Elena Province, Ecuador. The Santa Elena Peninsula contains the westernmost point on mainland Ecuador and is bordered by the Gulf of Guayaquil to the south and the Santa Elena Bay to the north.
The ...
and Puná Island
Puná Island (Spanish: ''Isla Puná''), is an island just off the coast of southern Ecuador at approximately 80 degrees west longitude and 3 degrees south latitude. It is located at the head of the Gulf of Guayaquil, south of the mouth of the G ...
. He was present at the march to Cajamarca
Cajamarca (), also known by the Quechua name, ''Kashamarka'', is the capital and largest city of the Cajamarca Region as well as an important cultural and commercial center in the northern Andes. It is located in the northern highlands of Peru ...
and during the capture and death of Atahualpa
Atahualpa (), also Atawallpa (Quechua), Atabalica, Atahuallpa, Atabalipa (c. 1502 – 26-29 July 1533) was the last Inca Emperor. After defeating his brother, Atahualpa became very briefly the last Sapa Inca (sovereign emperor) of the Inca Empir ...
; once the ransom was paid, de Salinas set out with Hernando Pizarro, taking to king the " king's fifth" of that treasure, which belonged to King Charles I Charles I may refer to:
Kings and emperors
* Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings
* Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily
* Charles I of ...
of Spain.
He participated in the conquest of the Ecuadorian east and Peruvian Northeast. He founded many cities in the Amazon basin, including Valladolid (Ecuador), Loyola, Santiago de las Montañas
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital (political), capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated Regions of Chile, region, t ...
, Logroño de los Caballeros, Santa MarÃa de Leiva, San Francisco de Borja (Ecuador), Jaén de Bracamoros, Sevilla de Oro and Santa MarÃa de Nieva
The town of Santa Maria de Nieva, is a capital of the province of Condorcanqui in the department of Amazonas Region, in Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_sy ...
.
On 8 December 1548, de Salinas participated in the final foundation of Loja, together with Alonso de Mercadillo
Alonso is a Spanish name of Germanic origin that is a Castilian variant of ''Adalfuns''.
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, 36.6% of all known bearers of the surname ''Alonso'' were residents of Spain (frequency 1:222), 26.1% of Mexico (1:83 ...
. Then on October 6 1549, he attended the foundation of Zamora. He colonized the areas that would be the Yaguarzongo and Maynas governorates, he was also the first governor of Yaguarzongo and Bracamoros by 1556. He was later named "''adelantado
''Adelantado'' (, , ; meaning "advanced") was a title held by Spanish nobles in service of their respective kings during the Middle Ages. It was later used as a military title held by some Spain, Spanish ''conquistadores'' of the 15th, 16th and 17 ...
''" of these areas in order to advance the area's colonization and exploration.
On 12 April 1557, he was present together with Gil RamÃrez Dávalos at the foundation of Cuenca, on the ruins of the Inca city of Tomebamba
Tumebamba, Tomebamba (hispanicized spellings) or Tumipampa ( Kichwa for "''Knife Field''", Tumi: ''Knife'', Pampa: ''Field'') was a former main regional city in the Inca Empire. Tumebamba was chosen by the Emperor Huayna Capac (ruled 1493–1525) ...
, in honor of the Spanish city of the same name. Later he toured the Western Amazon regions where he made important discoveries, including the Morona
The Morona River is a tributary to the Marañón River, and flows parallel to the Pastaza River and immediately to the west of it, and is the last stream of any importance on the northern side of the Amazon before reaching the Pongo de Manseriche.
...
and Pastaza rivers. On 1558, in search of "''El Dorado
El Dorado (, ; Spanish for "the golden"), originally ''El Hombre Dorado'' ("The Golden Man") or ''El Rey Dorado'' ("The Golden King"), was the term used by the Spanish in the 16th century to describe a mythical tribal chief (''zipa'') or king o ...
''", discovered the Pongo de Manseriche
The Pongo de Manseriche is a gorge in northwest Peru. The Marañón River runs through this gorge (and water gap) before it reaches the Amazon Basin.
The Pongo ('gate' in Quechua) de Manseriche is 3 miles (4.8 km) long, located at 4° 27†...
in the Marañón(Peru) river basin. He passed to Maynas, to the Ucayali
The Ucayali River ( es, RÃo Ucayali, ) is the main headstream of the Amazon River. It rises about north of Lake Titicaca, in the Arequipa region of Peru and becomes the Amazon at the confluence of the Marañón close to Nauta city. The city o ...
River, was first to arrive east of Cuzco, and finally returned to Loja in 1559.
In 1557, he married Bernardina de Alderete Mercado in Lima
Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, RÃmac River, RÃmac and LurÃn Rivers, in the desert zone of t ...
; they had Gaspar de Salinas y Loyola as their only child, named in honor of his comrade in arms, Gaspar de Valladolid y Angulo.
At the end of 1581, he made his will where he donated all his livestock to build a hospital in the town of Cañaribamba, currently Girón.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Salinas y Loyola, Juan de 1492 births 1582 deaths Spanish conquistadors