Joseph-Nicolas Barbeau du Barran (3 July 1761,

Castelnau-d'Auzan Castelnau-d'Auzan (; Gascon language, Gascon: ''Castèthnau d'Eusan'') is a former Communes of France, commune in the Gers Departments of France, department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Castelnau-d' ...

– 16 May 1816, Assens, Vaud canton) was a French politician. He was deputy to the

French National Convention The National Convention (french: link=no, Convention nationale) was the parliament of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for the rest of its existence during the French Revolution, following the two-year National ...

and a member of the

Chambre des représentants de France The Chamber of Representatives (french: Chambre des représentants) was the popularly elected lower body of the French Parliament set up under the Charter of 1815. The body had 629 members who were to serve five-year terms. The upper body was the ...

during the

Hundred Days The Hundred Days (french: les Cent-Jours ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition, marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration ...

Life

Procureur-général syndic for the département of Le Gers, he was elected as a deputy to the Convention for the Gers département, 5 September 1792. He became one of the most ardent Montagnard deputies and one of the most influential men in the Assembly. During the

trial of Louis XVI The trial of Louis XVI—officially called "Citizen Louis Capet" since being dethroned—before the National Convention in December 1792 was a key event of the French Revolution. He was convicted of high treason and other crimes, resulting in ...

he voted in favour of the king's culpability, against the ratification of the court's decision by the people, in favour of the death penalty and against postponement. He justified his decision in favour of the death penalty for the king by saying "I've consulted the law; it tells me that all conspirators deserve death. The same law also tells me that the same penalty must apply to the same crimes: I vote for death". On 13 April 1793 he voted against the trial of

Jean-Paul Marat Jean-Paul Marat (; born Mara; 24 May 1743 – 13 July 1793) was a French political theorist, physician, and scientist. A journalist and politician during the French Revolution, he was a vigorous defender of the ''sans-culottes'', a radical ...

and on 28 May that year voted against the decision of the decree which had broken up the

Commission of Twelve {{Use dmy dates, date=July 2020 During the French Revolution, the Extraordinary Commission of Twelve (''Commission extraordinaire des Douze'') was a commission of the French National Convention charged with finding and trying conspirators. It was k ...

on 27 May. President of the

club des Jacobins , logo = JacobinVignette03.jpg , logo_size = 180px , logo_caption = Seal of the Jacobin Club (1792–1794) , motto = "Live free or die"(french: Vivre libre ou mourir) , successor = Pa ...

, he became a member of the comité des pétitions, the Comité d'alinéation and the

Committee of General Security The Committee of General Security () was a parliamentary committee of the French National Convention which acted as police agency during the French Revolution. Along with the Committee of Public Safety it oversaw the Reign of Terror. The Committe ...

. He condemned his colleague Asselin for giving refuge to the marquise Luppé de Chauny (who had been condemned to death). An opponent of

Robespierre Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and statesman who became one of the best-known, influential and controversial figures of the French Revolution. As a member of the Esta ...

, he fought to take over his position. After

9 Thermidor The Coup d'état of 9 Thermidor or the Fall of Maximilien Robespierre refers to the series of events beginning with Maximilien Robespierre's address to the National Convention on 8 Thermidor Year II (26 July 1794), his arrest the next day, and ...

(27 July 1794) he took on the defence of

Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne (; 23 April 1756 – 3 June 1819), also known as Jean Nicolas or by his nickname, the Righteous Patriot, was a French personality of the Revolutionary period. Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne was an instrumental fi ...

and

Bertrand Barère Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac (, 10 September 175513 January 1841) was a French politician, freemason, journalist, and one of the most prominent members of the National Convention, representing the Plain (a moderate political faction) during the F ...

and opposed the trial of former members of the

Committee of Public Safety The Committee of Public Safety (french: link=no, Comité de salut public) was a committee of the National Convention which formed the provisional government and war cabinet during the Reign of Terror, a violent phase of the French Revolution. S ...

. He was implicated in the

Revolt of 1 prairial year III The insurrection of 1 Prairial Year III was a popular revolt in Paris on 20 May 1795 against the policies of the Thermidorian Convention. It was the last and one of the most remarkable and stubborn popular revolts of the French Revolution. After ...

(20 May 1795) and condemned to deportation before being given an amnesty. Elected to the Chambre des représentants for Gers during the Hundred Days, the law of 12 January 1816 after the

Second Restoration The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the first fall of Napoleon on 3 May 1814. Briefly interrupted by the Hundred Days War in 1815, the Restoration lasted until the J ...

condemned Barran to exile as a regicide and he spent the rest of his life in

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

Sources

* Archives parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 : recueil complet des débats législatifs et politiques des Chambres françaises. Première série, 1787 à 1799. Volumes LVII, LXII, LXV, LXVI, LXVIII and LXXI {{DEFAULTSORT:Barbeau Du Barran, Joseph-Nicolas 1761 births 1816 deaths People from Gers Jacobins Montagnards Deputies to the French National Convention Regicides of Louis XVI Members of the Chamber of Representatives (France) Politicians from Occitania (administrative region) Presidents of the National Convention