Jiang (, also romanized Gang, Geung, Gung, Chiang, Keung, Keong, Kiang) is one of the oldest

Chinese surname Chinese surnames are used by Han Chinese and Sinicized ethnic groups in China, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, and among overseas Chinese communities around the world such as Singapore and Malaysia. Written Chinese names begin with surnames, unlike the ...

, being one of the original ''xing'' (姓) surnames. It was one of the " Eight Great ''Xing''s of High Antiquity" ( 上古八大姓), along with

Jī ''Jī'' () was the ancestral name of the Zhou dynasty which ruled China between the 11th and 3rd centuries BC. Thirty-nine members of the family ruled China during this period while many others ruled as local lords, lords who eventually gained ...

(), Yáo (), Yíng (), Sì (), Yún (), Guī () and Rèn (), though some sources quote

Jí Jilin (; alternately romanized as Kirin or Chilin) is one of the three provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea (Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, Ryanggang and Chagang) and Russia (Primor ...

() as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these ''xing'', only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames. It is the 32nd surname listed in the Song dynasty-era '' Hundred Family Surnames'' poem. It is the 60th most common surname in China (2007), roughly 0.34% of the Han Chinese population. The

Lu clan of Fanyang The Lu clan of Fanyang (范陽盧氏) was a Chinese political clan active from the late Eastern Han dynasty to the early Song dynasty. They descended from a noble clan in Qi, a ducal state under the Zhou dynasty. Their family name, Lu 盧, was der ...

stem from this surname before taking on the Lu (盧) surname. Derivative surnames of Jiang include

Zhang Zhang may refer to: Chinese culture, etc. * Zhang (surname) (張/张), common Chinese surname ** Zhang (surname 章), a rarer Chinese surname * Zhang County (漳县), of Dingxi, Gansu * Zhang River (漳河), a river flowing mainly in Henan * ...

, Lü, Qiu, Shen.,People's Daily Online – Chinese surname history: Shen
/ref> These originated: *In the

Qi (state) Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization, was a state of the Zhou dynasty-era in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom. Its capital was Linzi, located in present-day Shandong. Qi was founded shortly af ...

Jiang Ziya Jiang Ziya ( century BC – century BC), also known by several other names, was a Chinese noble who helped kings Wen and Wu of Zhou overthrow the Shang in ancient China. Following their victory at Muye, he continued to serve ...

's descendants had the surname Jiang (姜) *In the Qi (state), those with the surname Huan ( 桓) changed it to Jiang (姜) *

Chinese minority Ethnic minorities in China are the non-Han Chinese, Han population in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The PRC officially recognizes 55 minority group, ethnic minority groups within China in addition to the Han majority. As of 2010, th ...

members of the population such as the Dong people, Tujia people, Yao people took the surname Jiang (姜) *During the Yuan Dynasty, Mongols were given the surname Jiang (姜) *During the Qing Dynasty, Russians, or the

Eluosizu people Ethnic Russians (russian: Pусские в Китае; ) or Russian Chinese, are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized in China. Enhe Russian Ethnic Township is the only ethnic township in China designated for China's Russian minorit ...

, were given the surname Jiang (姜) Additionally, it is the most common Hanja that represents the Korean surname

Kang Kang may refer to: Places * Kang Kalan, Punjab * Kang District, Afghanistan * Kang, Botswana, a village * Kang County, Gansu, China * Kang, Isfahan, Iran, a village * Kang, Kerman, Iran, a village * Kang, Razavi Khorasan, Iran, a village * Kham ( ...

Notable people named 姜

Yan Emperor The Yan Emperor () or the Flame Emperor was a legendary ancient Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times. Modern scholarship has identified the Sheep's Head Mountains (''Yángtóu Shān'') just north of Baoji in Shaanxi Province as his homeland and ...

(炎帝), legendary ancient Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic era; also known as Shennong; the origin of surname Jiang; ancestral to Chinese culture and people; see Descendants of Yan and Huang (炎黄子孙); *

Keung To Keung To (, ; born 30 April 1999) is a Hong Kong singer and actor, and a member of the Hong Kong boy band group Mirror. He rose to fame after winning ViuTV's reality talent competition ''Good Night Show - King Maker'' in 2018. Keung made his ...

(), a Hong Kong singer from boy group Mirror *

(姜子牙), strategist and noble of Zhou dynasty; descendant of

(11th century BC) *

Jiang Xiaobai Duke Huan of Qi (; died 643 BC), personal name Xiǎobái (小白), was the ruler of the State of Qi from 685 to 643 BC. Living during the chaotic Spring and Autumn period, as the Zhou dynasty's former vassal states fought each other for suprema ...

(姜小白),

Duke Huan of Qi Duke Huan of Qi (; died 643 BC), personal name Xiǎobái (小白), was the ruler of the State of Qi from 685 to 643 BC. Living during the chaotic Spring and Autumn period, as the Zhou dynasty's former vassal states fought each other for supremacy ...

(齐桓公); the head of state of the most prominent Hegemon Zhou dynasty in the Five Hegemons era (770-476 BC) *

Jiang Wei Jiang Wei (202 – 3 March 264), courtesy name Boyue, was a military general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Born in Ji County (present-day Gangu County, Gansu), Jiang Wei started his career as a military officer ...

(姜维), general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China (220–280 AD) * Jiang Gongfu (姜公辅),

chancellor Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...

of the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD) *

Jiang Kui Jiāng Kuí () (c. 1155 Poyang – c. 1221 Hangzhou), courtesy name Yaozhang (), Art name Baishi Daoren (). Also known as "Jiang Baishi" () was a famous Chinese poet, composer, poetry theorist and calligrapher of the Song Dynasty, particularl ...

(姜夔), poet, composer, poetry theorist and calligrapher of the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD) * Jiang Lifu (姜立夫), Chinese mathematician and educator widely regarded as the Father of modern

Chinese mathematics Mathematics in China emerged independently by the 11th century BCE. The Chinese independently developed a real number system that includes significantly large and negative numbers, more than one numeral system ( base 2 and base 10), algebra, geomet ...

*Jiang Boju (姜伯驹), Chinese mathematician specializes in topology; expanded Nielsen theory; professor and the first president of School of Mathematical Sciences at

Peking University Peking University (PKU; ) is a public research university in Beijing, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education. Peking University was established as the Imperial University of Peking in 1898 when it received its royal charter ...

Jiang Chunyun Jiang Chunyun (; April 1930 – 28 August 2021) was a Chinese politician most active in the 1980s and 1990s, who served as Vice-Premier, Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and a member of the Politburo of ...

(姜春云), former Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China * Jiang Yu (姜瑜), diplomat of the People's Republic of China * Jiang Wen (姜文), actor and director (brother of Jiang Wu) *

Jiang Wu Jiang Wu (born 4 November 1967) is a Chinese actor. He starred in Zhang Yimou's '' To Live'' (1994), and Zhang Yang's ''Shower'' (1999). He is the younger brother of Jiang Wen and is or was a member of the Beijing Experimental Theatre Troupe. ...

(姜武), actor (brother of Jiang Wen) * Ted Chiang (姜峯楠), American science-fiction author * David Chiang (姜大衛), Hong Kong actor and martial artist *Chiang Chang-nien (姜昌年), a Hong Kong actor known by the stage name Paul Chun (秦沛) who is an older brother of another Hong Kong actor David Chiang

Derivative surnames

* Zha (surname) (查)

References

{{100 Most Common Family Names in Mainland China Chinese-language surnames Individual Chinese surnames