Jiyin Commandery ( zh, 濟陰郡) was a
commandery in historical China from
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by th ...
to
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdo ...
, located in what is now southwestern
Shandong province.
In 144 BC, the
Liang Kingdom
Liang (梁國) was a kingdom/principality in Han dynasty. Its territories was located within the modern Henan, Anhui and Shandong provinces.
History
Shortly before the establishment of the Han dynasty, the Qin-era Dang Commandery (碭郡) was g ...
was divided into five states. Jiyin, one of the successor kingdoms, was ruled by
Liu Bushi. Bushi died only one year later, and his kingdom was converted to a commandery under imperial administration. In 25 BC, Liu Kang (劉康), the second son of
Emperor Yuan, was granted title "King of Dingtao", as the territory of Jiyin became the Dingtao Kingdom (定陶國). Kang's son Xin succeeded to the imperial throne in 8 BC as the
Emperor Ai, and Dingtao was granted to Liu Jing (劉景), another member of the imperial clan. In 5 BC, Jing's fief was changed to
Xindu, and Jiyin Commandery was reestablished. In late Western Han period, the commandery administered 9 counties:
Dingtao (定陶),
Yuanqu (冤句), Lüdu (呂都), Jiami (葭密), Chengyang (成陽),
Juancheng (鄄城), Juyang (句陽), Du (秺), and Chengshi (乘氏).
['']Book of Han
The ''Book of Han'' or ''History of the Former Han'' (Qián Hàn Shū,《前汉书》) is a history of China finished in 111AD, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. ...
'', Chapter 28.
From 72 to 84 AD, a kingdom under Liu Chang (劉長), a son of
Emperor Ming, was established with Jiyin as its territory. It was abolished with the death of Chang. Several counties were exchanged between Jiyin and neighboring commanderies, so that by 140, the commandery had 11 counties, including Dingtao, Yuanqu, Chengyang, Juancheng, Juyang, Lihu (離狐), Linqiu (廪丘),
Shanfu (單父), Chengwu (成武) and Jishi (己氏).
Juancheng and Linqiu was transferred to
Dong Commandery Dong Commandery ( zh, 東郡) was a commandery in historical China from the Warring States period to Sui dynasty. Its territories were situated in present-day Henan, Hebei and Shandong provinces.
The commandery was established by the state of Q ...
during the
Jian'an Era
Emperor Xian of Han (2 April 181 – 21 April 234), personal name Liu Xie (劉協), courtesy name Bohe, was the 14th and last emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China. He reigned from 28 September 189 until 11 December 220.
Liu Xie was a so ...
.
During the
Jin dynasty, Jiyin was lost during the
Yongjia period to the
northern states, but later reconquered during
Emperor An's reign. Jiyin passed to Jin's successor
Liu Song
Song, known as Liu Song (), Former Song (前宋) or Song of (the) Southern Dynasty (南朝宋) in historiography, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China and the first of the four Northern and Southern dynasties#Southern ...
dynasty, and in
Emperor Wen's reign, most of it was annexed by
Northern Wei.
['']Book of Song
The ''Book of Song'' (''Sòng Shū'') is a historical text of the Liu Song Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties of China. It covers history from 420 to 479, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories, a traditional collection of historical records. ...
'', Chapter 35. A new commandery,
Pei, was split from Jiyin in 540. 4 counties remained: Dingtao, Lihu, Yuanqu and Chengshi.
The commandery was eventually abolished in early
Sui dynasty.
In Sui and
Tang dynasties, Jiyin Commandery became the alternative name of
Cao Prefecture
Caozhou or Cao Prefecture () was a '' zhou'' (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Heze or Cao County in Shandong, China. It existed (intermittently) from the 6th century to 1913.
Geography
Under the Sui, Cao Prefecture included Yuan ...
. In 741, it administered 6 counties: Jiyin, Kaocheng (考城), Yuanqu, Chengshi, Nanhua (南華) and Chengwu.
['' New Book of Tang'', Chapter 38.]
Population
References
{{Han dynasty provinces
Commanderies of the Han dynasty
Commanderies of the Jin dynasty (266–420)
Commanderies of the Southern dynasties
Commanderies of the Northern dynasties
Commanderies of the Sui dynasty