Ji'in, Jion, and Jitte form a group of

kata ''Kata'' is a Japanese word ( 型 or 形) meaning "form". It refers to a detailed choreographed pattern of martial arts movements made to be practised alone. It can also be reviewed within groups and in unison when training. It is practised ...

used in

Shotokan is a style of karate, developed from various martial arts by Gichin Funakoshi (1868–1957) and his son Gigo (Yoshitaka) Funakoshi (1906–1945). Gichin Funakoshi was born in Okinawa and is widely credited with popularizing "karate do" throu ...

and other

karate (; ; Okinawan language, Okinawan pronunciation: ) is a martial arts, martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the Okinawan martial arts, indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called , "hand"; ''tii'' in Okinawan) under the ...

styles, beginning with the same characteristic

kamae is a Japanese term used in martial arts and traditional theater. It translates approximately to "posture". The Kanji of this word means "base". The implied meaning is 'readiness' or 'be ready'. Kamae is to be differentiated from the word , used ...

of the left hand covering the right, which apparently has roots in ancient Chinese boxing. Their origin is thought to be from the

Tomari-te Okinawan martial arts refers to the martial arts, such as karate, tegumi and Okinawan kobudō, which originated among the indigenous people of Okinawa Island. Due to its central location, Okinawa was influenced by various cultures with a long hi ...

school, however

Hirokazu Kanazawa was a Japanese master of Shotokan karate.Goodman, F. (2004): ''The practical encyclopedia of martial arts'' (p. 50). London: Lorenz Books. ()Smit, S. (2008): ''Karate'' (2nd ed.) (p. 21). London: New Holland. ()

speculates that the Jion kata were devised in the Jionji 慈恩寺, the Jion temple, where martial arts were famously practiced. From there, Kanazawa believes the Jion kata were spread into the Tomari region.

Ji'in

Ji'in 慈陰 ("Temple Ground") is important for the execution of many simultaneous techniques and the often-repeated stances, enabling swift changes of direction while maintaining balance, power and steps of equal length. It has, however, been removed from the Japan Karate Association teaching and grading syllabus.

Jion

Jion 慈恩 ("Temple Sound" ) is a representative kata in the Shotokan system because of the importance of the perfection of the basic stances it contains, notably

zenkutsu dachi Front stance, sometimes also called forward leaning stance or forward stance, is a basic stance used in various Asian martial arts. Although the specifics of the stance vary by style, overall it is visually similar to a lunge, with the forward le ...

(front stance) and

kiba dachi The horse stance (sometimes called horse riding stance) is a common posture in Asian martial arts and takes its name from the position assumed when riding a horse. It is called ''mǎbù'' (馬步) in Chinese, in Japanese, and ''juchum seogi'' ( ...

(horse stance). Also practiced in some

Shitō-ryū is a form of karate that was founded in 1934 by . Shitō-ryū is synthesis of the Okinawan Shuri-te and Naha-te schools of karate and today is considered one of the four main styles of the art. History Kenwa Mabuni (Mabuni Kenwa 摩文仁 ...

organizations, emphasis is also placed on Kokutsu dachi, or back stance.

Jitte

The name Jitte 十手 ("Ten Hands") expresses that mastery of this kata which enables one to fight like ten men. Jitte teaches techniques usable against armed attacks, especially the bo. It consists of 24 movements and should be performed in about 60 seconds. Also known in some styles as Sip Soo.Lee, Kang. "Tang Soo Do" A&C Black, 1998, p. 187 Both "Jitte" and "Jutte" are correct pronunciations and romanized spellings of the kanji 十手.

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References

{{Karate Shotokan Shitō-ryū Wadō-ryū Karate kata

Ji'in

Jion

Jitte

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See also

References