Jean Garchery (1 January 1872 in

Nolay, Côte-d'Or Nolay () is a Communes of France, commune in the Côte-d'Or Departments of France, department in eastern France. The 18th-century French physician and Encyclopédistes, encyclopédiste Louis-Anne La Virotte (1725–1759) was born in Nolay, as was ...

– 12 February 1957 in

Nice Nice ( , ; Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative c ...

) was a French politician. At first he joined the Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (POSR), which in 1902 merged into the

French Socialist Party The Socialist Party (french: Parti socialiste , PS) is a French centre-left and social-democratic political party. It holds pro-European views. The PS was for decades the largest party of the "French Left" and used to be one of the two major p ...

(PSF), which in turn merged into the

French Section of the Workers' International The French Section of the Workers' International (french: Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière, SFIO) was a political party in France that was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the modern-day Socialist Party. The SFIO was found ...

(SFIO) in 1905. Garchery joined the

French Communist Party The French Communist Party (french: Parti communiste français, ''PCF'' ; ) is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its MEPs sit in the European Unit ...

(PCF) upon its foundation in 1920 and represented the PCF in the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...

from 1924 to 1928. Having been excluded from the PCF in 1929, he was among the founders of the Workers and Peasants Party (POP), which in 1930 merged into the Proletarian Unity Party (PUP). In 1937 the PUP merged into the SFIO. Garchery was a member of the Chamber of Deputies for a second time from 1932 to 1940. On 10 July 1940, he voted in favour of granting the Cabinet presided by Marshal

Philippe Pétain Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Pétain (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), commonly known as Philippe Pétain (, ) or Marshal Pétain (french: Maréchal Pétain), was a French general who attained the position of Marshal of France at the end of World ...

authority to draw up a new constitution, thereby effectively ending the

French Third Republic The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 ...

and establishing

Vichy France Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its ter ...

. Mostly because of this vote, Garchery was excluded from the SFIO in November 1944, along with a number of other SFIO politicians. In 1945 he joined the newly founded Democratic Socialist Party (PSD).

References

1872 births 1957 deaths People from Côte-d'Or Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (France) politicians French Socialist Party (1902) politicians French Section of the Workers' International politicians French Communist Party politicians Workers and Peasants Party (France) politicians Proletarian Unity Party (France) politicians Democratic Socialist Party (France) politicians Members of the 13th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 15th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 16th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of Parliament for Seine {{France-politician-PCF-stub