The Javel neighborhood (French: ''quartier de Javel'') is the 60th
administrative district
Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of public administration within a particular sovereign state. This particular usage of the word government refers specifically to a level of administration that is both geographically-loca ...
of
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
situated in the
15th arrondissement.
Location
Situated on 261 hectares, the neighborhood is bordered to the north by
Rue Linois and
Rue des Entrepreneurs, to the east by
Rue de la Croix-Nivert and
Rue Lecourbe
''Ruta graveolens'', commonly known as rue, common rue or herb-of-grace, is a species of ''Ruta'' grown as an ornamental plant and herb. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula. It is grown throughout the world in gardens, especially for its bluis ...
, to the south by the
Paris - Issy-les-Moulineaux heliport
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, and to the west by the
Seine
)
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.
History
In the 15th century, the neighborhood was named "Javetz" and situated to the south of the Grenelle plain bordering the Seine and to the west of Paris. The neighborhood was founded as a small port and a boat garage. The region became better known starting in the 17th century for its windmill and its stylish gathering spots frequented by swimmers, fishermen, and boaters.
From the 19th to the 20th century, the name of this place was spelled "Javelle".
Before its annexation to Paris in 1860, it was part of the
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
of
Issy
Issy-les-Moulineaux () is a commune in the southwestern suburban area of Paris, France, lying on the left bank of the river Seine. Its citizens are called ''Isséens'' in French. It is one of Paris' entrances and is located from Notre-Dame Cath ...
. Afterwards, it became industrialized with the installation of electric plants (
Thomson Thomson may refer to:
Names
* Thomson (surname), a list of people with this name and a description of its origin
* Thomson baronets, four baronetcies created for persons with the surname Thomson
Businesses and organizations
* SGS-Thomson Mic ...
) and automobile factories (
Citroën). The Citroën factories occupied a very large section of the neighborhood until the 1970s-1980s. The plant has been demolished.
In this neighborhood, in a chemical factory founded in 1777,
Claude Louis Berthollet
Claude Louis Berthollet (, 9 December 1748 – 6 November 1822) was a Savoyard-French chemist who became vice president of the French Senate in 1804. He is known for his scientific contributions to theory of chemical equilibria via the mecha ...
studied and produced a disinfectant with a
sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite (commonly known in a dilute solution as bleach) is an Inorganic chemistry, inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula, formula NaOCl (or NaClO), comprising a sodium cation () and a hypochlorite anion (or ). It may ...
base (bleach), which is known today in French as ''
eau de Javel'' (literally: "Javel water"). Later, other industrial plants were set up in the neighborhood, including that of
André Citroën
André-Gustave Citroën (; 5 February 1878 – 3 July 1935) was a French industrialist and the founder of French automaker Citroën. He is remembered chiefly for the make of car named after him, but also for his application of double helical ...
in 1915. The factory was originally a munitions factory designed to support the war effort by the mass production of artillery shells. Following World War I, André Citroën used his experience in automobile construction acquired in the
Mors factories, which was headquartered at 48
Rue du Théâtre. He applied the principles of
Henry Ford
Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, business magnate, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production. By creating the first automobile that mi ...
after having discovering them on a trip to Detroit in 1913 and meeting Henry Ford. The factory in Javel was converted to an automobile production facility which went on to produce the first mass-produced European car: the
Citroën Type A 10 HP. The automobile factory continued to produce cars until 1975; the last car released by the factory was the
Citroën DS
The Citroën DS () is a front mid-engined, front-wheel drive executive car manufactured and marketed by Citroën from 1955 to 1975, in fastback/sedan, wagon/estate, and convertible body configurations, across three series of one generation.
...
. The company's headquarters moved in 1982 and permanently left its historic address at Quai de Javel. The following became named after André Citröen: the
André Citröen Park, the
Collège André Citroën ("''André Citroën secondary school''"), and the
Quai André-Citroën, formerly the Quai de Javel.
Principal sites
The neighborhood is currently occupied by the Parc André-Citroën, the
Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou
The Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP) (''Georges Pompidou European Hospital'') is a French hospital located in Paris.
The HEGP is under the aegis of the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP).
Opened in 2001, the HEGP is the ...
, many large buildings containing offices and television studios (
Sagem,
Snecma
Safran Aircraft Engines, previously Snecma (''Société nationale d'études et de construction de moteurs d'aviation'') or Snecma Moteurs, is a French aerospace engine manufacturer headquartered in Courcouronnes and a subsidiary of Safran. It ...
,
Direction générale de l'Aviation civile,
Canal+
Canal+ (Canal Plus, , meaning 'Channel Plus'; sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal) is a French premium television channel launched in 1984. It is 100% owned by the Groupe Canal+, which in turn is owned by Vivendi. The channel broadcasts several ki ...
,
France Télévisions
France Télévisions (; stylized since 2018 as ) is the French national public television broadcaster. It is a state-owned company formed from the integration of the public television channels France 2 (formerly Antenne 2) and France 3 (former ...
, etc.). The former
Hôpital Boucicaut closed at the end of the year 2000; a program consisting of a school, a day care, housing, and a public park are in the process of being created while preserving the memory of the site and its architectural heritage.
The headquarters of the
Imprimerie nationale
The Imprimerie nationale (), known also as IN Groupe brand, is a company specialized in the production of secure documents, such as identity cards and passports, and a supplier of public utility identification applications. Owned by the French st ...
, formerly at Rue de la Convention, closed in 2005. The site is now occupied by various offices of the
Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs.
The following sites are found within the Javel neighborhood: the
port de Javel, the
Rue de Javel
''Ruta graveolens'', commonly known as rue, common rue or herb-of-grace, is a species of '' Ruta'' grown as an ornamental plant and herb. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula. It is grown throughout the world in gardens, especially for its bl ...
, the
église Saint-Christophe-de-Javel, the Polypores fountain by
Jean-Yves Lechevallier
Jean-Yves Lechevallier, ʒɑ̃ iv ləʃəvæljeɪ born in 1946 in Rouen, Normandy, is a French sculptor painter, and laureate of the ''Flame of Europe'' art competition organized by the '' Robert Schuman association for Europe'' in 1977 to com ...
featured in the movie "
Same Old Song
''Same Old Song'' (french: On connaît la chanson) is a 1997 French comedy-drama film. It was directed by Alain Resnais, and written by Agnès Jaoui and Jean-Pierre Bacri. Jaoui and Bacri also starred in the film with Sabine Azéma, Lambert Wilso ...
" by
Alain Resnais
Alain Resnais (; 3 June 19221 March 2014) was a French film director and screenwriter whose career extended over more than six decades. After training as a film editor in the mid-1940s, he went on to direct a number of short films which included ...
, the
Gare de Javel
Javel is a station on RER C in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, by the Pont Mirabeau.
The station is built on a bridge over the railway situated in a cutting. It was built for the 1900 Exposition Universelle. The building is a metal structure ...
on the
C line of the RER, and the
métro station
Javel-André Citroën on the 10 line.
Additionally, to south of the
Boulevard Périphérique
The Boulevard Périphérique (), often called the Périph', is a controlled-access dual-carriageway ring road in Paris, France. With a few exceptions (see '' Structure and Layout''), it is situated along Paris's administrative limit.
The sp ...
is a small section of the 15th arrondissement that was formerly a parade ground and then an airfield (at the beginning of the 20th century), but which is now occupied by the Paris - Issy-les-Moulineaux heliport, a sports complex (the Parc omnisport Suzanne-Lenglen), a recreational center (Aquaboulevard) and a small housing community called Les Frères-Voisin.
Transportation
Javel is served by the
RATP. The neighborhood is served by the
RER C
RER C is one of the five lines in the Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris, France and its suburbs. The line crosses the region from north to south.
The li ...
and lines
8,
10, and
12 of the métro. The neighborhood has in recent years been serviced by the newly constructed tramway
line 2 and
line 3a.
Demographics
* Population of the Javel neighborhood (area: 260.9 hectares/644.7 acres):
Notes and references
See also
*
Historical quarters of Paris
Paris is characterised by 19th century design and architecture but has many areas with structures hosting design dates back further. These sections are often not referenced on modern-day maps of Paris, crossing current '' arrondissements''. The ...
*
15th arrondissement of Paris
*
Eau de Javel
*
Gare de Javel
Javel is a station on RER C in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, by the Pont Mirabeau.
The station is built on a bridge over the railway situated in a cutting. It was built for the 1900 Exposition Universelle. The building is a metal structure ...
*
Church of Saint-Christophe-de-Javel (fr)
*
Paris - Issy-les-Moulineaux Heliport (fr)
{{Portal, France
Districts of Paris
15th arrondissement of Paris