Janine Micheau

Janine Micheau (17 April 1914 – 18 October 1976) was a French operatic soprano, one of the leading sopranos of her era in France, particularly associated with lyric soprano and coloratura soprano repertory.

Biography

Janine (or Jeanine) Micheau was born in Toulouse, and studied voice at the Conservatoire de Paris. She made her professional debut at the Opéra-Comique on 16 November 1933, as la Plieuse in ''Louise'', following this with Loys in ''Juif polonais'' by Camille Erlanger, the neighbour in ''Angélique'' by Jacques Ibert and small roles in ''Lakmé'' (Miss Rose) and ''Mireille'' (Andreloun).

She later sang Cherubino in ''Le nozze di Figaro'', Olympia in ''Les contes d'Hoffmann'', Rosina in ''Il barbiere di Siviglia'', Leila in ''Les pêcheurs de perles'', Micaela in ''Carmen'', and the title role in ''Lakmé'' at the Salle Favart. By 1935 her performances gained her invitations to Marseille (''Lakmé''), and then (at the instigation of Pierre Monteux) to Amsterdam (Mélisande) and San Francisco. In Buenos Aires Erich Kleiber conducted her in Sophie in ''Der Rosenkavalier''.

She created the role of Creuse in Darius Milhaud's ''Médée'', for her debut at the Paris Opéra in 1940, where she also sang Gilda in ''Rigoletto'', Violetta in ''La traviata'' and Sophie in ''Der Rosenkavalier'', among other roles.

Once the war was over, her career became more international than it had been; she performed at La Scala in Milan, La Monnaie in Brussels, and the Royal Opera House in London. At these venues she sang nearly all the great French soprano roles: including Marguerite, Juliette in the Gounod opera, Massenet's Manon, and Mélisande in '' Pelléas''. For French Radio she sang in '' Isoline'' (1947) and '' Madame Chrysanthème'' (1956), by André Messager.

Micheau was also active in concert especially in 18th century French works such as Rameau's ''Les Indes galantes'' and ''Platée''. She made many recordings, of which some have been released on CDs. Concert works in her repertoire included '' Shéhérazade'' by Ravel, ''Le martyre de Saint Sébastien'' and ''La Damoiselle élue'' by Debussy, songs by Milhaud and Debussy, and '' À la musique'' by Chabrier (which she also recorded).

From 1961 she became a voice teacher at the Paris Conservatoire, and the Mozarteum in Salzburg. Her final performance was as Pamina in Rouen in May 1968. She died in Paris at the age of 62.

Selected recordings

* 1951 – Bizet – ''Carmen'' – Suzanne Juyol, Libero de Luca, Janine Micheau, Julien Giovannetti – Choeur et orchestre de l'Opéra-Comique, Albert Wolff – Decca
* 1951 – Massenet – ''Manon'' – Janine Micheau, Libero de Luca, Roger Bourdin, Julien Giovanetti – Choeur et Orchestre de l'Opéra-Comique, Albert Wolff – Decca
* 1953 – Thomas – ''Mignon'' – Geneviève Moizan, Janine Micheau, Libero de Luca, René Bianco – Choeur et Orchestre Nationale de Belgique, Georges Sébastian – Decca
* 1953 – Gounod – ''Roméo et Juliette'' – Raoul Jobin, Janine Micheau, Heinz Rehfuss – Paris Opera Chorus and Orchestra, Alberto Erede – Decca
* 1953 – Debussy – ''Pelléas et Mélisande'' – Camille Maurane, Janine Micheau, Michel Roux, Xavier Depraz, Rita Gorr – , Orchestre Lamoureux, Jean Fournet – Philips
* 1955 – Stravinsky – ''Le Rossignol'' – Janine Micheau, Lucien Lovano, Jean Giraudeau, Michel Roux, Bernard Cottret – Choeur et Orchestre de la Radiodiffusion Francaise, André Cluytens – EMI
* 1955 – Gluck – ''Orphée et Eurydice'' – Nicolai Gedda, Janine Micheau, Liliane Berton – Choeur et Orchestre du Conservatoire de Paris, Louis de Froment – EMI
* 1956 – Rameau – ''Platée'' – Michel Sénéchal, Janine Micheau, Nicolai Gedda, Jacques Jansen – Choeurs du Festival d'Aix en Provence, Orchestre de la Société des Concerts du Conservatoire, Hans Rosbaud – EMI
* 1957 – Lalo – ''Le roi d'Ys'' – Pierre Savignol, Rita Gorr, Janine Micheau, Henri Legay, Jean Borthayre – Choeur et Orchestre de la Radiodiffusion Francaise, André Cluytens – EMI
* 1959 – Bizet – ''Carmen'' – Victoria de los Angeles, Nicolai Gedda, Janine Micheau, Ernest Blanc – Choeur et Orchestre de la RTF, Thomas Beecham – EMI
* 1960 – Bizet – ''Les pêcheurs de perles'' – Janine Micheau, Nicolai Gedda, Ernest Blanc, Jacques Mars – Choeur et Orchestre de l'Opéra-Comique, Pierre Dervaux – EMI

On the lighter side, in 1958 Micheau recorded an LP with Paul Bonneau conducting the Chœurs Raymond Saint-Paul and orchestra, including " Fascination", "Oh! La troublante volupté" from ''La Reine s'amuse'' (1912) by Charles Cuvillier, ''Les chemins de l'amour'', '' Les cent vierges'' (Charles Lecocq), "Moulin rouge", ''Valse des souvenirs'' by Wal-Berg, and Messager's "Si j'avais vos ailes", among others.Valses de Paris, Columbia LP listed at WorldCat
accessed 11 October 2015

Sources

* ''Dictionnaire des interprètes'', Alain Pâris, (Robert Laffont, 1982),
* ''Guide de l’opéra'', Mancini & Rouveroux, (Fayard, 1995).

{{DEFAULTSORT:Micheau, Janine
1914 births
1976 deaths
French operatic sopranos
Musicians from Toulouse
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
Academic staff of Mozarteum University Salzburg
20th-century French women opera singers
Women music educators
Decca Records artists