Jan Hendrik Scholten (born Johannes Heinrich Scholten, 17 August 1811,

Vleuten Vleuten is a former village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Today, it is a neighbourhood of the city of Utrecht, and lies about 6 km west from the city centre. Vleuten has a railway station on the line between Utrecht and Woerden. In 2001, ...

– 10 April 1885,

Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

theologian, was born at

near

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city and a List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, pro ...

Biography

After studying at

Utrecht University Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...

, he was appointed professor of theology in 1840 at

Franeker Franeker (; fry, Frjentsjer) is one of the eleven historical cities of Friesland and capital of the municipality of Waadhoeke. It is located north of the Van Harinxmakanaal and about 20 km west of Leeuwarden. As of 1 January 2014, it had 12, ...

.Gerrit J. Tenzythoff, Sources of Secession: The Netherlands Hervormde Kerk on the Eve of the Dutch Immigration to the Midwest. ''Historical Series of the Reformed Church in America'', No. 17, Donald J. Bruggink (editor), (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1987), 102. From Franeker in 1843 he went to Leiden as professor ''extraordinarius'', and in 1845 was promoted to the rank of ''ordinarius''. Through Scholten,

Abraham Kuenen Abraham Kuenen (16 September 1828 – 10 December 1891) was a Dutch Protestant theologian. Kuenen was born in Haarlem, the son of an apothecary. On his father's death it became necessary for him to leave school and take a humble place in the busi ...

became interested in theology; Scholten was not then the radical theologian he became later. The two scholars in course of time created a movement resembling that of the

Tübingen Tübingen (, , Swabian: ''Dibenga'') is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. about one in thr ...

School in Germany. From his theology there "began to rise a different type of spirit, the spirit of absolute antisupernaturalism of the German idealistic kind." Pursuing first the study of dogmatic theology and the philosophy of religion, Scholten published a work on the ''Principles of the Theology of the Reformed Church'' (2 vols, 1848–1850, 4th ed. 1861–1862). He then gave special attention to the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

, and wrote ''A Critical Study of the Gospel of John'' (1864, in German 1867). Scholten's other works include: *''Historical and Critical Introduction to the New Testament'' (1853–1856) *''The Oldest Witnesses to the Writings of the New Testament'' (1866) *''The Oldest Gospel'' (1868) *''The Pauline Gospel'' (1870) *A Comparative View of Religions An account of his theological development is given in ''Afscheidsrede bij het Neerleggen van het Hoogleeraarsambt'' (1881), and in the biography written by A Kuenen, ''Levensbericht van J. Henricus Scholten'' (1885). He became member of the

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences ( nl, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbreviated: KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed ...

in 1856.

Notes

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Scholten, Jan Hendrik 1811 births 1885 deaths 19th-century Dutch writers Dutch Calvinist and Reformed theologians Academic staff of Leiden University Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences People from Vleuten-De Meern Utrecht University alumni