James Marshall Carter (March 11, 1904 – November 18, 1979) was a
United States circuit judge
In the United States, federal judges are judges who serve on courts established under Article Three of the U.S. Constitution. They include the chief justice and the associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, the circuit judges of the U.S. Cou ...
of the
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is the U.S. federal court of appeals that has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:
* District ...
and previously was a United States district judge of the
.
Education and career
Born on March 11, 1904, in
Santa Barbara,
California
California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
, Carter received an
Artium Baccalaureus
Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four years ...
degree from
Pomona College
Pomona College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Claremont, California. It was established in 1887 by a group of Congregationalists who wanted to recreate a "college of the New England type" in Southern California. In 1925, it became ...
in 1924. He attended
Harvard Law School
Harvard Law School (Harvard Law or HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States.
Each class ...
before he received a
Juris Doctor
The Juris Doctor (J.D. or JD), also known as Doctor of Jurisprudence (J.D., JD, D.Jur., or DJur), is a graduate-entry professional degree in law
and one of several Doctor of Law degrees. The J.D. is the standard degree obtained to practice law ...
from
University of Southern California Law School
The USC Gould School of Law, located in Los Angeles, California, is the law school of the University of Southern California. The oldest law school in the Southwestern United States, USC Law traces its beginnings to 1896 and became affiliated with ...
in 1927. He was in private practice of law in
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
, California from 1928 to 1940. He was a teacher at the Police School of the
Los Angeles Board of Education
Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) is a public school district in Los Angeles, California, United States. It is the largest public school system in California in terms of number of students and the 2nd largest public school district in ...
in California from 1934 to 1935. He was Director of the State Department of Motor Vehicles in
Sacramento
)
, image_map = Sacramento County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacramento Highlighted.svg
, mapsize = 250x200px
, map_caption = Location within Sacramento ...
, California from 1940 to 1942. He was in private practice of law in Los Angeles in 1943. He was Chief
Assistant United States Attorney
An assistant United States attorney (AUSA) is an official career civil service position in the U.S. Department of Justice composed of lawyers working under the U.S. Attorney of each U.S. federal judicial district. They represent the federal gove ...
for the Southern District of California from 1943 to 1946. He was
United States Attorney
United States attorneys are officials of the U.S. Department of Justice who serve as the chief federal law enforcement officers in each of the 94 U.S. federal judicial districts. Each U.S. attorney serves as the United States' chief federal c ...
for the Southern District of California from 1946 to 1949.
During this time, he prosecuted
Tomoya Kawakita for treason.
Federal judicial service
Carter was nominated by President
Harry S Truman
Harry may refer to:
TV shows
* ''Harry'' (American TV series), a 1987 American comedy series starring Alan Arkin
* ''Harry'' (British TV series), a 1993 BBC drama that ran for two seasons
* ''Harry'' (talk show), a 2016 American daytime talk show ...
on September 23, 1949, to the
, to a new seat created by 63 Stat. 493. He was confirmed by the
United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and pow ...
on October 15, 1949, and received his commission on October 18, 1949. He served as Chief Judge from 1966 to 1967. His service was terminated on December 1, 1967, due to elevation to the Ninth Circuit.
Carter was nominated by President
Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
on November 6, 1967, to a seat on the
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is the U.S. federal court of appeals that has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:
* District ...
vacated by Judge
Gilbert H. Jertberg. He was confirmed by the Senate on November 16, 1967, and received his commission the same day. He assumed
senior status
Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for United States federal judges. To qualify, a judge in the Federal judiciary of the United States, federal court system must be at least 65 years old, and the sum of the judge's age and years of servi ...
on September 30, 1971. His service was terminated on November 18, 1979, due to his death in
La Jolla
La Jolla ( , ) is a hilly, seaside neighborhood within the city of San Diego, California, United States, occupying of curving coastline along the Pacific Ocean. The population reported in the 2010 census was 46,781.
La Jolla is surrounded on ...
, California.
Honor
In a March 30, 2015, ceremony, the new federal courthouse in
San Diego
San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the List of United States cities by population, eigh ...
was named the
James M. Carter and Judith N. Keep United States Courthouse
The James M. Carter and Judith N. Keep United States Courthouse, also known simply as the Carter-Keep Courthouse, at 333 West Broadway in San Diego, California, is a sixteen-story United States federal courts, federal courthouse facility on that ...
to honor Carter and another federal judge.
References
Sources
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carter, James Marshall
1904 births
1979 deaths
Judges of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California
United States district court judges appointed by Harry S. Truman
20th-century American judges
Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
United States court of appeals judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson
Pomona College alumni
USC Gould School of Law alumni
People from Santa Barbara, California
20th-century American lawyers
Assistant United States Attorneys