Jacksonville, North Carolina

Jacksonville is a city in Onslow County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 72,723, which makes Jacksonville the 14th-largest city in North Carolina. Jacksonville is the county seat and most populous community of Onslow County, which is coterminous with the Jacksonville, North Carolina metropolitan area. Demographically, Jacksonville is the youngest city in the United States, with an average age of 22.8 years old, which can be attributed to the large military presence. The low age may also be in part due to the population drastically going up over the past 80 years, from 783 in the 1930 census to 72,876 in the 2021 Census estimate.

It is the home of the United States Marine Corps' Camp Lejeune and New River Air Station. Jacksonville is located adjacent to North Carolina's Crystal Coast area.

History

After the end of the Tuscarora wars in 1713 and the forced removal of Native American tribes was followed by permanent settlement of the regions between New Bern and Wilmington. The New River became a major production center for naval stores like turpentine. The downtown waterfront park is built on the site original site of Wantland's Ferry.

In 1752, a devastating hurricane destroyed the county seat of Johnston, and Wantlands Ferry, located further up the New River, at the present site of Jacksonville, was chosen as the site of the new county courthouse. The area was later known as Onslow Courthouse. In 1842, the town was incorporated and renamed Jacksonville in honor of former U.S. President Andrew Jackson. The town was briefly captured and occupied in November 1862 by a raiding party led by U.S. Navy Lt. William B. Cushing.

Jacksonville and Onslow County continued to rely on naval stores, lumber, and tobacco crops for industry. In 1939, Colonel George W. Gillette of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers surveyed and mapped the area from Fort Monroe, Virginia to Fort Sumter, South Carolina which included the Onslow County coastline and the New River. The map is believed to have fostered the interest of the War and Navy Departments in establishing an amphibious training base in the area. Congressman Graham Arthur Barden of New Bern lobbied Congress to appropriate funds for the purchase of about along the eastern bank of the New River. The establishment in 1941 of Marine Barracks, New River, later renamed Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base, led to the relocation of 700 families. While the landowners were compensated, many of the families displaced were sharecroppers who did not own the land on which their houses were built, and did not receive compensation for their structures. Some African American families were able to purchase property from Raymond Kellum and established the community of Kellumtown. Other displaced families established communities in Georgetown, Pickettown, Bell Fork, and Sandy Run. The latter communities have since been absorbed by Jacksonville. Colonel Gillette had planned to retire near the small village of Marine, ironically named after a local family whose surname was Marine, but lost his land to the acquisition, as well.

Construction of Camp Lejeune caused a population explosion in the small town of about 800 inhabitants, as new workers migrated to the area. Growth continued to be fueled by both young Marine families and military retirees. Today, Jacksonville's primary industry is retail sales and services. The primary migration draw continues to be the U.S. Marine Corps.

The Bank of Onslow and Jacksonville Masonic Temple, Mill Avenue Historic District, and Pelletier House and Wantland Spring are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 2016, Jacksonville became the first jurisdiction to adopt a paid holiday honoring the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which made slavery in the United States and its territories illegal. The resolution of adoption mentions "the prevention of the modern slavery" which it describes as "human trafficking", including child labor and military service.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which are land and (1.51%) is water. It is approximately 60 minutes from Wilmington and 15 minutes from the Intracoastal Waterway.

Three public golf courses provide recreation for those who reside in or visit Jacksonville: Rock Creek, Swingin' Things, Paradise Point (located aboard MCB Camp Lejeune).

Climate

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 72,723 people, 21,986 households, and 15,491 families residing in the city.

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, 66,715 people, 17,175 households, and 13,533 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,500.0 people per square mile (579.1/km). The 18,312 housing units averaged 411.7 per square mile (159.0/km). The racial composition of the city was 63.94% White, 23.96% African American, 2.07% Asian, 0.75% Native American, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 5.42% some other race, and 3.67% two or more races. As of 2009, the estimated population for the city was 80,542.

Of the 17,175 households, 49.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were not families. About 16.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.8

In the city, the population was distributed as 24.3% under the age of 18, 36.3% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 8.8% from 45 to 64, and 4.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. Jacksonville has been named the youngest city in the nation (lowest median age) on various lists. For every 100 females, there were 156.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 178.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,544, and for a family was $33,763. Males had a median income of $17,121 versus $19,931 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,237. About 12.5% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.0% of those under age 18 and 17.7% of those age 65 or over.

The 2013 population estimate was 69,079, with 67.7% identifying as White and 20.0% identifying as Black or African-American. The median household income for 2009-2013 was $42,459.

Economy

Top employers

According to the city's 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

Law and government

The current mayor of Jacksonville is Sammy Phillips.

City council

* Brian H Jackson (ward 1)
* Jerry Bitner (ward 2)
* Michael Lazzara (ward 3 and mayor pro tem)
* Angelia Washington (ward 4)
* Randy Thomas (representative at-large)
* Robert Warden (representative at-large)

The current postmaster of Jacksonville is Jamie Thompson.

Education

Public schools

Onslow County Schools serves the city, except for Marine Corps Air Station New River, which, along with Camp Lejeune, is served by Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) schools.

Alternative School
*Onslow County Learning Center

Elementary Schools
* Bell Fork Elementary School
* Blue Creek Elementary School
* Carolina Forest Elementary School
* Clyde Erwin Elementary School
* Hunters Creek Elementary School
* Jacksonville Commons Elementary School
* MeadowView Elementary School
* Morton Elementary School
* Northwoods Elementary School
* Parkwood Elementary School
* Silverdale Elementary School
* Southwest Elementary School
* Stateside Elementary School
* Summersill Elementary School
* Thompson Elementary School
* Dixon Elementary School

Middle Schools
* Dixon Middle School
* Hunters Creek Middle School
* Jacksonville Commons Middle School
* Northwoods Park Middle School
* New Bridge Middle School
* Southwest Middle School

High Schools
* Dixon High School
* Jacksonville High School
* Northside High School
* Richlands High School
* Southwest High School
* White Oak High School

MCAS New River is zoned to Delalio Elementary School in MCAS New River and Brewster Middle School and Lejeune High School in Camp Lejeune.

Private schools

* Fellowship Christian Academy
* Grace Baptist School
* Infant Of Prague Catholic School
* Jacksonville Christian Academy
* Living Water Christian School
* Montessori Children's School
* St. Anne's Day School
* Shiloh Institute of Learning
* One World Montessori School

Public magnet schools

* Clyde Erwin Elementary School (year round school)
* New Bridge Middle School
* Northwoods Elementary School (year round school)
* Onslow Virtual Secondary School

Higher education

* Coastal Carolina Community College
* Miller-Motte Technical College - Jacksonville branch
* University of Mount Olive - Jacksonville branch

Charter school

* ZECA School of Arts and Technology

Transportation

In 2009, the Jacksonville metropolitan statistical area ranked as the ninth-highest in the United States for ratio of commuters who walked to work (8.1%).

Notable people

* Jason L. Keith, Greensboro N.C. Defense Attorney. White Oak High School, Class Of 1997.President Of Triad Hornets AAU Basketball Association
* David Charles Abell, conductor (born in Jacksonville)Jacksonville city, North Carolina
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* Ryan Adams, singer-songwriter, who frequently makes reference to Jacksonville in his songs
* Jones Angell, play-by-play announcer for the North Carolina Tar Heels
* Troy Barnett, former NFL defensive lineman
* Art Bell, talk radio host
* David Braxton, former NFL player
* Levi Brown, former NFL offensive tackle
* Burke Day, Georgia state legislator and businessman
* Edward B. Dudley, governor, congressman
* Dave Dunaway, former NFL player
* Jacob Evans, NBA player
* Chad Fonville, former MLB player for the Montreal Expos, Los Angeles Dodgers, Chicago White Sox, and Boston Red Sox
* Mike Frier, former NFL player for the Cincinnati Bengals and Seattle Seahawks
* David Green, former NFL and CFL player
* Sara Hickman, singer
* Marcus Jones, former NFL player for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers
* Christina Koch, engineer and NASA astronaut
* Qasim Mitchell, former NFL player
* Quincy Monk, former NFL player
* Donte Paige-Moss, former AFL player
* Michael R. Nelson, former mayor of Carrboro and first openly gay mayor in North Carolina
* Dian Parkinson, television personality and model
* Danielle Peck, singer
* Andre Purvis, former NFL player for the Cincinnati Bengalshttps://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/P/PurvAn20.htm. Pro Football Reference. Retrieved November 24, 2018.
* A.J. Styles, professional wrestler
* Tyrone Willingham, former head football coach at University of Washington and the University of Notre Dame

See also

* List of municipalities in North Carolina

References

Further reading

* Murrell, Stratton C. and Billie Jean. ''Images of America: Jacksonville and Camp Lejeune'', Arcadia Publishing, 2001.
* Watson, Alan D. ''Onslow County: A Brief History'' Division of Archives and History, North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Raleigh, 1995.
* On Cushing's raid: http://civilwarnavy150.blogspot.com/2012/11/enter-commando-cushings-raid-on.html

External links

*

Jacksonville Daily News Website

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Populated places established in 1757
Cities in North Carolina
County seats in North Carolina
Cities in Onslow County, North Carolina
1757 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
Populated coastal places in North Carolina