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Jeffreys Jeffreys is a surname that may refer to the following notable people: * Alec Jeffreys (born 1950), British biologist and discoverer of DNA fingerprinting * Anne Jeffreys (1923–2017), American actress and singer * Arthur Frederick Jeffreys ( ...
’s Amazing Statistics Program) is a
free and open-source Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software available under a Software license, license that grants users the right to use, modify, and distribute the software modified or not to everyone free of charge. FOSS is an inclusive umbrella term ...
program for
statistical Statistics (from German language, German: ', "description of a State (polity), state, a country") is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. In applying statistics to a s ...
analysis supported by the
University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, ) is a public university, public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlan ...
. It is designed to be easy to use, and familiar to users of
SPSS SPSS Statistics is a statistical software suite developed by IBM for data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, and criminal investigation. Long produced by SPSS Inc., it was acquired by IBM in 2009. Versi ...
. It offers standard analysis procedures in both their classical and Bayesian form. JASP generally produces
APA style APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as Scientific journal, scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of Behavioral sciences, behavior ...
results tables and plots to ease publication. It promotes
open science Open science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional. Open science is transparent and accessib ...
via integration with the
Open Science Framework The Center for Open Science is a non-profit technology organization based in Charlottesville, Virginia with a mission to "increase the openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research." Brian Nosek and Jeffrey Spies founded the or ...
and
reproducibility Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method. For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or ...
by integrating the analysis settings into the results. The development of JASP is financially supported by sponsors several universities and research funds.


Analyses

JASP offers frequentist inference and Bayesian inference on the same
statistical models A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form ...
.
Frequentist inference Frequentist inference is a type of statistical inference based in frequentist probability, which treats “probability” in equivalent terms to “frequency” and draws conclusions from sample-data by means of emphasizing the frequency or pr ...
uses
p-values In null-hypothesis significance testing, the ''p''-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct. A very small ''p''-value means ...
and confidence intervals to control error rates in the limit of infinite perfect replications.
Bayesian inference Bayesian inference ( or ) is a method of statistical inference in which Bayes' theorem is used to calculate a probability of a hypothesis, given prior evidence, and update it as more information becomes available. Fundamentally, Bayesian infer ...
uses
credible intervals In Bayesian statistics, a credible interval is an interval used to characterize a probability distribution. It is defined such that an unobserved parameter value has a particular probability \gamma to fall within it. For example, in an experime ...
and
Bayes factors The Bayes factor is a ratio of two competing statistical models represented by their marginal likelihood, evidence, and is used to quantify the support for one model over the other. The models in question can have a common set of parameters, such ...
to estimate credible parameter values and model evidence given the available data and prior knowledge. The following analyses are available in JASP in comparison to SPSS:


Other features

* R syntax editing and highlighting. * Plot and formula (LaTeX) editing. * Exports results as PDF or HTML and tables as
LaTeX Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water. Latices are found in nature, but synthetic latices are common as well. In nature, latex is found as a wikt:milky, milky fluid, which is present in 10% of all floweri ...
format.; plots as PNG, PPTX (Powerpoint) etc. * Imports Excel and SPSS files, comma-separated files etc. (.xls, xlsx, .csv, .txt, .tsv, .ods, .dta, .sav, .zsav, .por, .sas7bdat, .sas7bcat, .xpt, .jasp) * Connects to SQL data bases and the
Open Science Framework The Center for Open Science is a non-profit technology organization based in Charlottesville, Virginia with a mission to "increase the openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research." Brian Nosek and Jeffrey Spies founded the or ...
. *Data filtering: Use either R code or a drag-and-drop GUI to select cases of interest. *Full data editing with one-click recoding; full undo / redo functionality, *Compute columns via R code (e.g. via row-wise functions like rowMean, rowMeanNaRm, rowSum, rowSD ...) or a drag-and-drop GUI to create new variables or compute them from existing ones. *Empty values settings per variable, per data set or globally. *Assumption checks via export and then plotting of residuals and/or per analyses via tests and plots ( Levene's, Brown-Forsythe, Shapiro–Wilk, Q–Q, Raincloud etc.)


Modules

JASP features seven common modules that are enabled by default: # Descriptives: Explore the data with tables and plots. # T-Tests: Evaluate the difference between two means. # ANOVA: Evaluate the difference between multiple means. # Mixed Models: Evaluate the difference between multiple means with random effects. # Regression: Evaluate the association between variables. # Frequencies: Analyses for count data. # Factor: Explore hidden structure in the data. JASP also features multiple additional modules that can be activated via the module menu: # Acceptance Sampling: Methods for
acceptance sampling Acceptance sampling uses statistical sampling to determine whether to accept or reject a production lot of material. It has been a common quality control technique used in industry. It is usually done as products leave the factory, or in some ...
and a
quality control Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements". This approach plac ...
setting. # Audit: Statistical methods for
auditing An audit is an "independent examination of financial information of any entity, whether profit oriented or not, irrespective of its size or legal form when such an examination is conducted with a view to express an opinion thereon." Auditing al ...
. The audit module offers planning, selection and evaluation of statistical audit samples, methods for data auditing (e.g., Benford’s law) and algorithm auditing (e.g., model fairness). # Bain: Bayesian informative hypotheses evaluation for t-tests,
ANOVA Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a family of statistical methods used to compare the means of two or more groups by analyzing variance. Specifically, ANOVA compares the amount of variation ''between'' the group means to the amount of variation ''w ...
, ANCOVA,
linear regression In statistics, linear regression is a statistical model, model that estimates the relationship between a Scalar (mathematics), scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory variables (regressor or independent variable). A mode ...
and
structural equation modeling Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a diverse set of methods used by scientists for both observational and experimental research. SEM is used mostly in the social and behavioral science fields, but it is also used in epidemiology, business, ...
. # BSTS: Bayesian take on linear Gaussian state space models suitable for time series analysis. # Circular Statistics: Basic methods for directional data. # Cochrane meta-analyses: Analyse Cochrane medical datasets. # Distributions: Visualise probability distributions and fit them to data. # Equivalence T-Tests: Test the difference between two means with an interval-null hypothesis. # JAGS: Implement Bayesian models with the JAGS program for
Markov chain Monte Carlo In statistics, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a class of algorithms used to draw samples from a probability distribution. Given a probability distribution, one can construct a Markov chain whose elements' distribution approximates it – that ...
. # Learn Bayes: Learn
Bayesian statistics Bayesian statistics ( or ) is a theory in the field of statistics based on the Bayesian interpretation of probability, where probability expresses a ''degree of belief'' in an event. The degree of belief may be based on prior knowledge about ...
with simple examples and supporting text. # Learn Stats: Learn classical statistics with simple examples and supporting text. #Machine Learning: Explore the relation between variables using data-driven methods for
supervised learning In machine learning, supervised learning (SL) is a paradigm where a Statistical model, model is trained using input objects (e.g. a vector of predictor variables) and desired output values (also known as a ''supervisory signal''), which are often ...
and
unsupervised learning Unsupervised learning is a framework in machine learning where, in contrast to supervised learning, algorithms learn patterns exclusively from unlabeled data. Other frameworks in the spectrum of supervisions include weak- or semi-supervision, wh ...
. The module contains 19 analyses for regression, classification and clustering: #*Regression #*#Boosting Regression #*#Decision Tree Regression #*# K-Nearest Neighbors Regression #*#Neural Network Regression #*#Random Forest Regression #*#Regularized Linear Regression #*#Support Vector Machine Regression #*Classification #*# Boosting Classification #*#Decision Tree Classification #*#K-Nearest Neighbors Classification #*#Neural Network Classification #*#Linear Discriminant Classification #*# Random Forest Classification #*#Support Vector Machine Classification #*Clustering #*# Density-Based Clustering #*# Fuzzy C-Means Clustering #*#
Hierarchical Clustering In data mining and statistics, hierarchical clustering (also called hierarchical cluster analysis or HCA) is a method of cluster analysis that seeks to build a hierarchy of clusters. Strategies for hierarchical clustering generally fall into two ...
#*# Model-based clustering #*#Neighborhood-based Clustering (i.e.,
K-Means Clustering ''k''-means clustering is a method of vector quantization, originally from signal processing, that aims to partition of a set, partition ''n'' observations into ''k'' clusters in which each observation belongs to the cluster (statistics), cluste ...
, K-Medians clustering, K-Medoids clustering) #*#Random Forest Clustering # Meta Analysis: Synthesise evidence across multiple studies. Includes techniques for fixed and random effects analysis, fixed and mixed effects meta-regression, forest and funnel plots, tests for funnel plot asymmetry, trim-and-fill and fail-safe N analysis. # Network: Explore the connections between variables organised as a network. Network Analysis allows the user to analyze the network structure. # Power: Conduct power analyses. # Predictive Analytics: This module offers predictive analytics. # Process: Implementation of Hayes' popular SPSS PROCESS module for JASP # Prophet: A simple model for time series prediction. # Quality Control: Investigate if a manufactured product adheres to a defined set of quality criteria. # Reliability: Quantify the reliability of test scores. # Robust T-Tests: Robustly evaluate the difference between two means. #SEM (
Structural equation modeling Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a diverse set of methods used by scientists for both observational and experimental research. SEM is used mostly in the social and behavioral science fields, but it is also used in epidemiology, business, ...
): Evaluate latent data structures with Yves Rosseel's lavaan program. # Summary statistics: Apply common Bayesian tests from frequentist summary statistics for t-test, regression, and binomial tests. # Survival Analyses: non- & semi-parametric # Time Series: Time series analysis. # Visual Modeling: Graphically explore the dependencies between variables. # R Console: Execute R code in a console.


References


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:JASP Free Bayesian statistics software Free educational software Free statistical software Software using the GNU Affero General Public License