The Itō Line ( ja, 伊東線, ) is a railway line owned by the

East Japan Railway Company The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and is the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters are ...

(JR East) which connects

Atami is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 36,865 in 21,593 households and a population density of 600 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Atami is located in the far ea ...

and

Itō Station is a railway station located in the city of Itō, Shizuoka, Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East), with the Izukyū Corporation's Izu Kyūkō Line as a tenant running a through service. It also has a freight depot for the ...

s, along the east coast of

Izu Peninsula The is a large mountainous peninsula with a deeply indented coastline to the west of Tokyo on the Pacific coast of the island of Honshu, Japan. Formerly known as Izu Province, Izu peninsula is now a part of Shizuoka Prefecture. The peninsul ...

Shizuoka Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshu. Shizuoka Prefecture has a population of 3,637,998 and has a geographic area of . Shizuoka Prefecture borders Kanagawa Prefecture to the east, Yamanashi Prefecture to the northea ...

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

. From Itō, the line continues south to Shimoda under the privately owned and operated

Izu Kyūkō Line The Izu Kyūkō Line ( ja, 伊豆急行線, ) is a privately owned railway line of the Izukyū Corporation in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The line approximately parallels the eastern coast of the Izu Peninsula, a tourist district noted for its n ...

Station list

Rolling stock

* Local trains **

E231 series The is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type used for commuter and outer-suburban services operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan since 2000. Design Trains were manufactured by Tokyu Car Corporation, Kawasaki Heavy In ...

10-car EMUs (Ito・ Tokaido・ Ueno-Tokyo Lines) **

E233 series The is a commuter and suburban electric multiple unit (EMU) train type developed by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) from the earlier E231 series and the E531 series design. The first train was introduced in December 2006 for use on the C ...

10-car EMUs (Ito・Tokaido・Ueno-Tokyo Lines) ** Izukyu 2100 series 7-car EMUs (Ito・Izukyu Lines) ** Izukyu 8000 series 3-car or 6-car coupled EMUs (Ito・Izukyu Lines) * Limited express **

185 series Year 185 ( CLXXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lascivius and Atilius (or, less frequently, year 938 ''Ab urbe cond ...

7-car or 10-car EMUs (''

Odoriko Odoriko ( ja, 踊り子) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), Izukyu Corporation, and Izuhakone Railway, which runs between and or in Sh ...

'') ** E257-2000 series (''Odoriko'') **

E261 series The is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan on ''Odoriko, Saphir Odoriko'' limited express services between Tokyo Station, Tokyo and Izukyū Shimoda Station, Izukyū-Shimoda. It w ...

Saphir Odoriko Odoriko ( ja, 踊り子) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), Izukyu Corporation, and Izuhakone Railway, which runs between and or i ...

'' ** Izukyu 2100 series 7-car or 8-car EMUs ( ''Resort Odoriko'') * Sightseeing trains ** 651-1000 series 4-car EMUs (''Izu Craile'') *** A rebuilt four-car

651 series The is an AC/ DC dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) type operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan since March 1989. Trains originally operated as 7+4-car formations on ''Super Hitachi'' limited express services betwee ...

resort train set named '' Izu Craile''( ja, 伊豆クレイル, links=no) entered service on the

Ito Line Ito may refer to: Places * Ito Island, an island of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea * Ito Airport, an airport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo * Ito District, Wakayama, a district located in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan * Itō, Shizuo ...

in the summer of 2016. The name is a

portmanteau A portmanteau word, or portmanteau (, ) is a blend of words The service ran until June 28, 2020, as JR East decided that with the introduction of

services, the Izu Craile service would be surplus to requirements.

Train service

Most of the local trains are only run between Atami Station and Izukyū Shimoda station via Izu Kyūkō Line. A few local trains with Green Cars departing from Itō Station enter the Tokaido Main Line, with most of them entering the Ueno-Tokyo Line, and the farthest terminals are

Utsunomiya Station is a railway station in the city of Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The station also is a freight depot for the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight). Tōbu-Utsunomiya Station ...

or Kagohara Station. As such, Itō Station is the most southern terminal of the Ueno-Tokyo Line.

History

Initial plans called for the

Japanese National Railways The abbreviated JNR or , was the business entity that operated Japan's national railway network from 1949 to 1987. Network Railways As of June 1, 1949, the date of establishment of JNR, it operated of narrow gauge () railways in all 46 pref ...

(JNR) to build a

spur line A branch line is a phrase used in railway terminology to denote a secondary railway line which branches off a more important through route, usually a main line. A very short branch line may be called a spur line. Industrial spur An industri ...

linking Atami on the Tokaido Main Line with Shimoda. However, funding was limited in the 1930s due to a combination of a tight

fiscal policy In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection (taxes or tax cuts) and expenditure to influence a country's economy. The use of government revenue expenditures to influence macroeconomic variables ...

under

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

Osachi Hamaguchi Hamaguchi Osachi (Kyūjitai: ; Shinjitai: , also Hamaguchi Yūkō, 1 April 1870 – 26 August 1931) was a Japanese politician, cabinet minister and Prime Minister of Japan from 1929 to 1931. Nicknamed the due to his dignified demeanor and mane- ...

during the

Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...

, and a number of technical issues. The projected route of the Itō line along the mountainous east coast of the Izu Peninsula required numerous tunnels and bridges. Workers digging a tunnel near encountered problems with underground

hot spring A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth. The groundwater is heated either by shallow bodies of magma (molten rock) or by circ ...

s, similar to that experienced in the construction of the

Tanna Tunnel is a railroad tunnel in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan operated by JR Central’s Tōkaidō Main Line. This 7.8 km long tunnel shortened the trunk route between Tokyo and Kobe by omitting a detour round the mountains between Atami and Numazu. ...

, which had recently been completed years later than originally projected and far over budget. On March 30, 1935, the initial 8.7 km section of the Itō Line linking Atami with was opened. The second (8.3 km) section from Ajiro to was opened on December 15, 1938. Both sections were electrified at 1,500 V DC when opened. Further work was delayed, and then canceled due to the outbreak of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. CTC signalling was commissioned in 1958, and the Atami to Kinomiya section was duplicated in 1968. The entire line was originally designed to be built as double track, and earthworks were undertaken on this basis, including tunneling, but to date only the first 1.2 km of the line has been duplicated. Construction south of Itō resumed in 1961, when the private-sector

Tokyu Corporation The is a Japanese multinational ''keiretsu'' ( conglomerate) holding company headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. Its main operation is , a wholly owned subsidiary operating railways in the Greater Tokyo Area. History The oldest predecessor ...

acquired the rights to complete the line to Shimoda and established the Izukyu Corporation to manage construction and operations of this section.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ito Line Lines of East Japan Railway Company Rail transport in Shizuoka Prefecture Railway lines opened in 1935 1067 mm gauge railways in Japan