Ignaz Jakob Holzbauer (18 September 1711 – 7 April 1783) was an Austrian composer of symphonies, concertos,

opera Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a libr ...

s, and chamber music, and a member of the Mannheim school. His aesthetic style is in line with that of the ''

Sturm und Drang ''Sturm und Drang'' (, ; usually translated as "storm and stress") was a proto- Romantic movement in German literature and music that occurred between the late 1760s and early 1780s. Within the movement, individual subjectivity and, in particul ...

'' "movement" of German art and literature.

Biography

Holzbauer was born in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

. Despite the opposition of his parents, who intended him for the law, he studied music, and in 1745 became kapellmeister to Count Rottal and at the Court Theatre of Vienna. Later he was kapellmeister at Stuttgart, Germany. His operas include ''Il figlio delle selve'', which was the opening performance of the

Schlosstheater Schwetzingen Schlosstheater Schwetzingen (Schwetzingen palace theater) is a court theater in Schwetzingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The historic building, opened in 1753, is part of Schloss Schwetzingen and since 1952 the principal venue of the Schwetzing ...

in 1753. Its success led to a job offer from the court at Mannheim, Germany, where he stayed for the rest of his life, continuing to compose and to teach, his students including Johann Anton Friedrich Fleischmann (1766–1798), the

pianist A pianist ( , ) is an individual musician who plays the piano. Since most forms of Western music can make use of the piano, pianists have a wide repertoire and a wide variety of styles to choose from, among them traditional classical music, ja ...

, and

Carl Stamitz Carl Philipp Stamitz ( cs, Karel Stamic; baptized 8 May 17459 November 1801) was a German composer of partial Czech ancestry. He was the most prominent representative of the second generation of the Mannheim School. He was the eldest son of Jo ...

. Holzbauer died in

Mannheim Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's ...

, having been entirely deaf for some years. His opera ''

Günther von Schwarzburg Günther XXI von Schwarzburg (c. 1304 – 14 June 1349), disputed King of Germany, was a descendant of the counts of Schwarzburg. Biography Born as the younger son of Henry VII, Count of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (c. 1267 - 1324) and his wife ...

'', based on the life of the eponymous

king King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...

(and describe
here
, was an early German national opera, a performance of which Mozart and his sister attended, through which they met Anton Raaff, who was later to premiere a role in ''

Idomeneo ' (Italian for '' Idomeneus, King of Crete, or, Ilia and Idamante''; usually referred to simply as ''Idomeneo'', K. 366) is an Italian language opera seria by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto was adapted by Giambattista Varesco from a Frenc ...

.'' This opera has recently been recorded on the label cpo. Holzbauer wrote 196 symphonies. Mozart also composed nine

numbers A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. The original examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so forth. Numbers can be represented in language with number words. More universally, individual numbers can ...

for insertion in a '' Miserere'' by Holzbauer on commission by the Parisian

Concert Spirituel The Concert Spirituel ( en, Spiritual Concert) was one of the first public concert series in existence. The concerts began in Paris in 1725 and ended in 1790. Later, concerts or series of concerts of the same name occurred in Paris, Vienna, Londo ...

in 1778, but they have been lost. They have been given the catalog number KV 297a in the list of Mozart's works.

Operas

*''Lucio Papirio'' (

dramma per musica Dramma per musica ( Italian, literally: ''drama for music'', plural: ''drammi per musica'') is a libretto. The term was used by dramatists in Italy and elsewhere between the mid-17th and mid-19th centuries. In modern times the same meaning of ''dra ...

, libretto by Apostolo Zeno, 1737, Holleschau) *''Sesostri, re d'Egitto'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Zeno, 1738, Holleschau) *''Vologeso'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Zeno, 1739, Holleschau) *''Hypermnestra'' (German opera, libretto by Johann Leopold van Ghelen, 1741, Vienna) *'' La fata meravigliosa'' ( dramma giocoso per musica, 1748, Vienna) *'' Il figlio delle selve'' (favola pastorale per musica, libretto by Carlo Sigismondo Capece, 1753, Schwetzingen) *''L'isola disabitata'' (azione per musica, libretto by

Pietro Metastasio Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of ''opera seria'' libretti. Early life Met ...

, 1754, Schwetzingen) *''L'Isspile'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Metastasio, 1754, Mannheim) *'' Il Don Chisciotte'' (opera semiridicola, libretto by Zeno, 1755, Schwetzingen) *''I cinesi'' ( componimento drammatico per musica, libretto by Metastasio and Mattia Verazi, 1756, Schwetzingen) *''Le nozze d'Arianna'' ( festa teatrale per musica, libretto by Verazi, 1756, Schwetzingen) *''La clemenza di Tito'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Metastasio and Verazi, 1757, Mannheim) *''Nitteti'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Metastasio, 1758, Mannheim) *'' Alessandro nell'Indie'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Metastasio, 1759,

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

) *''Ippolito ed Aricia'' (dramma per musica, libretto by Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni and Verazi, 1759, Mannheim) *''

'' ( singspiel, libretto by Anton Klein, 1777, Mannheim) *''La morte di Didone (revised as Tod der Dido)'' (singspiel, based on a libretto by Metastasio, 1779, Mannheim) *''Tancredi'' (dramma per musica, 1783,

Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig ...

)

Orchestral Works (partial list)

*Flute Concerto in A major *Flute Concerto in E minor *Flute Concerto No. 1 in D major *Flute Concerto No. 2 in D major *Oboe Concerto in D minor *Symphony in D minor *Symphony in G major *Symphony in A major, Op. 2, No. 4 *Symphony in E♭ major, Op. 3, No. 1 *Symphony in D major, Op. 3, No. 4

Choral Works (partial list)

*Missa in C major *Missa Brevissima

Pupils

* Maddalena Allegranti (1754-1829), Opera singer

Notes

References

Announcement of a 2007 concert with a sinfonia concertante by Holzbauer

External links

*
Lawrence Bennett
{{DEFAULTSORT:Holzbauer, Ignaz 1711 births 1783 deaths 18th-century German composers 18th-century classical composers 18th-century German male musicians German Classical-period composers German male classical composers German opera composers Male opera composers Deaf classical musicians Deaf people from Germany