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Ivanovo Oblast (russian: Ива́новская о́бласть, ''Ivanovskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
(an
oblast An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdom of ...
). It had a population of 927,828 as of the 2021 Russian Census. Its three largest cities are
Ivanovo Ivanovo ( rus, Иваново, p=ɪˈvanəvə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Russia. It is the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located northeast of Moscow and approximately from Yaroslavl, Vlad ...
(the
administrative center An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
),
Kineshma Kineshma (russian: Кинешма), the second-largest town in Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, sprawls for along the Volga River, 335 kilometers north-east of Moscow. Population: History Kineshma was first noticed as a ''posad'' in 1429. In 1504, ...
, and Shuya. The principal center of tourism is Plyos. The
Volga River The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Cas ...
flows through the northern part of the oblast.


History

Early in its history, the Ivanovo region was a melting pot between different populations like Russians, Europeans, Asians, and others. Various ancient Uralian and ancient Slavic tribes inhabited the area. Ivanovo Industrial Oblast () was established on October 1, 1929.''Ivanovo Oblast. Administrative-Territorial Structure'', p. 22 On March 11, 1936, a part of it became the modern Ivanovo Oblast while the remainder was split off to create
Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast (russian: Яросла́вская о́бласть, ''Yaroslavskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma ...
.''Ivanovo Oblast. Administrative-Territorial Structure'', p. 26 On 21 May 1998 Ivanovo Oblast alongside
Amur The Amur (russian: река́ Аму́р, ), or Heilong Jiang (, "Black Dragon River", ), is the world's List of longest rivers, tenth longest river, forming the border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China, Northeastern China (Inne ...
, Kostroma,
Voronezh Oblast Voronezh Oblast (russian: Воронежская область, Voronezhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Voronezh. Its population was 2,308,792 as of the 2021 Census. Geography V ...
s, and the
Mari El Republic The Mari El Republic (russian: Респу́блика Мари́й Эл, ''Respublika Mariy El''; Meadow Mari: ; Hill Mari: ) is a republic of Russia. It is in the European Russia region of the country, along the northern bank of the Volga Rive ...
signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy. This agreement would be abolished on 26 February 2002.


Geography

Ivanovo Oblast shares borders with Kostroma Oblast (N),
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (russian: link=no, Нижегородская область, ''Nizhegorodskaya oblast''), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localiti ...
(E),
Vladimir Oblast Vladimir Oblast (russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, ''Vladimirskaya oblast'') is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its closest border 66 Meter, km east of central Moscow, the administrative cen ...
(S), and
Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast (russian: Яросла́вская о́бласть, ''Yaroslavskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma ...
(W). The climate of Ivanovo Oblast is continental, with long, cold winters, and short, warm summers. The coldest month is January with an average temperature of in the west and in the east. The warmest month is July with an average temperature of about . Although larger than several of Russia's republics, Ivanovo Oblast is the smallest
oblast An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdom of ...
by land area in Russia.


Politics

During the
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: the first secretary of the Ivanovo CPSU Committee (who in reality had the greatest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU has lost all power, when the head of the oblast administration, and eventually the governor, was appointed/elected alongside an elected regional parliament. The Charter of Ivanovo Oblast is the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Ivanovo Oblast is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day-to-day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter under the Constitution of Russia.


Demographics

Population:


Settlements

2012 *Births: 11 581 (11.0 per 1000) *Deaths: 17 679 (16.8 per 1000) *Total fertility rate: 2009 - 1.44 , 2010 - 1.40 , 2011 - 1.41 , 2012 - 1.51 , 2013 - 1.55 , 2014 - 1.57 , 2015 - 1.63 , 2016 - 1.59(e) Ethnic composition (2010): *
Russians , native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 ...
: 95.6% *
Ukrainians Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian language, Ukrainian. The majority ...
: 0.8% *
Tatars The Tatars ()Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary
is an umbrella term for different
: 0.7% *
Armenians Armenians ( hy, հայեր, ''hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diaspora ...
: 0.4% * Azeris: 0.3% *Others: 2.2% *54,882 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936


Religion

According to a 2012 survey 46.5% of the population of Ivanovo Oblast adheres to the
Russian Orthodox Church , native_name_lang = ru , image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg , imagewidth = , alt = , caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia , abbreviation = ROC , type ...
, 8.4% are Orthodox Christian believers who don't belong to church or are members of non-Russian
Orthodox church Orthodox Church may refer to: * Eastern Orthodox Church * Oriental Orthodox Churches * Orthodox Presbyterian Church * Orthodox Presbyterian Church of New Zealand * State church of the Roman Empire * True Orthodox church See also * Orthodox (dis ...
es, 1.8% are unaffiliated generic
Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
, 0.5% of the population are adherents of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery) movement, and 0.5% are
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
s. In addition, 28.1% of the population declares to be "
spiritual but not religious "Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR), also known as "spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA), is a popular phrase and initialism used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that does not regard organized religion as the sole or most valuable ...
", 12.9% is
atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
, and 1.3% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question. The largest religious centre in the region is the
Shartoma Monastery The Shartoma Monastery of St. Nicholas (Николо-Шартомский монастырь, ''Nikolo-Shartomsky Monastery'') is a Russian Orthodox monastery in the village of Vvedenyo near Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast, Shuya in the Ivanovo Oblast, Iva ...
.


Administrative divisions


See also

*
List of Chairmen of the Ivanovo Oblast Duma The Ivanovo Oblast Duma (russian: Ивановская областная дума, Ivanovskaya oblastnaya duma) is the Regional parliaments of Russia, regional parliament of Ivanovo Oblast, a federal subject of Russia. A total of 26 deputies ar ...
*
Government of Ivanovo Oblast As with the federal government of Russia Ivanovo Oblast government is also divided into three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. The Charter of Ivanovo Oblast form the provincial law. Composition of the government Government Se ...


References


Notes


Sources

* *Администрация Ивановской области (Administration of Ivanovo Oblast). "Ивановская область. Административно-территориальное деление по состоянию на 1 января 2001 г." (''Ivanovo Oblast. Administrative-Territorial Structure as of January 1, 2001''). Иваново, 2001.


External links

* {{Use mdy dates, date=September 2015 States and territories established in 1936 1936 establishments in the Soviet Union