Ivan Ivanovych Turyanytsia ( uk, Іван Іванович Туряниця; 25 May 1901 – 27 March 1955) was a

Czechoslovak Czechoslovak may refer to: *A demonym or adjective pertaining to Czechoslovakia (1918–93) **First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–38) **Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–39) **Third Czechoslovak Republic (1948–60) **Fourth Czechoslovak Repub ...

Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...

and

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

politician, who served as the chairman of the People's Council of Zakarpattia Ukraine from 1944 to 1946 and the First secretary of the Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine. On several occasions he was elected to the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Ukraine. Turyanytsia was born in a village of Ryapid near

Khust Khust ( uk, Хуст; hu, Huszt) is a city located on the Khustets River in Zakarpattia Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It is near the сonfluence of the Tisa and Rika Rivers. Serving as the administrative center of Khust Raion (district), ...

. During the

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

he served as a soldier of the

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

army, later in 1919 in the Zakarpattia Red Guards of the

Hungarian Soviet Republic The Socialist Federative Republic of Councils in Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi Szocialista Szövetséges Tanácsköztársaság) (due to an early mistranslation, it became widely known as the Hungarian Soviet Republic in English-language sources ( ...

. The same year Turyanytsia was arrested and placed in

concentration camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply ...

in Presov, but by December 1919 he was released. In 1924–1925 Turyanytsia served in the

Czechoslovak Army The Czechoslovak Army (Czech and Slovak: Československá armáda) was the name of the armed forces of Czechoslovakia. It was established in 1918 following Czechoslovakia's declaration of independence from Austria-Hungary. History In the fi ...

and after that joined the

Communist Party of Czechoslovakia The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (Czech and Slovak: ''Komunistická strana Československa'', KSČ) was a communist and Marxist–Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992. It was a member of the Cominte ...

(KSC). In 1927–1928 he was a chairman of the Mukacheve Trade Union of Builders and then in 1928–1929 a secretary of the Mukacheve city committee of the KSC. In 1929 Turyanytsia was arrested again, but then soon was released. In 1930 Turyanytsia was a secretary of the Uzhhorod zupa committee KSC. In 1930–1933 he studied in the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

and graduated the Kharkiv Communist Institute of Journalism.Ivan Turyanytsia

Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia'' ( uk, Українська радянська енциклопедія, ''Ukrayinska radyanska entsyklopediya'') was a multi-purpose encyclopedia of Ukraine, issued in the USSR. First attempt Following th ...

. In 1933–1939 he was a secretary of the Subcarpathian regional council of Red Trade Unions. During that period in 1936 he was arrested one more time, but again soon was released. In March 1939 Turyanytsia emigrated to the

and joined the

International Red Aid International Red Aid (also commonly known by its Russian acronym MOPR ( ru , МОПР, for: ''Междунаро́дная организа́ция по́мощи борца́м револю́ции'' - Mezhdunarodnaya organizatsiya pomoshchi bor ...

organization (1939–1940). In 1940–1941 he worked as an economist planner at the Steam Locomotive Factory of the October Revolution (today

Luhanskteplovoz Luhanskteplovoz ( uk, Луганськтепловоз or Luhansk Locomotive Works), earlier known as Voroshilovgrad Locomotive Works is a large industrial company in Luhansk, Ukraine, manufacturing locomotives, multiple unit trains (both electri ...

) in Voroshilovgrad. In 1943–1944 Turyanytsia commanded the 3rd Brigade of the Soviet Czechoslovak Corps. Upon liberation of the

Carpathian Ruthenia Carpathian Ruthenia ( rue, Карпатьска Русь, Karpat'ska Rus'; uk, Закарпаття, Zakarpattia; sk, Podkarpatská Rus; hu, Kárpátalja; ro, Transcarpatia; pl, Zakarpacie); cz, Podkarpatská Rus; german: Karpatenukrai ...

in 1944, he became the 1st secretary of the Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine and a chairman of the People's Council of Zakarpattia Ukraine. In 1944–1945 he also played a key role in the deportation of the local German-speaking civilian population out of Zakarpattia.Pahirya, Oleksandr.
Soviet repressions and deportations of Germans from Zakarpattia in the second half of the 1940s (Радянські репресії та депортації німців із Закарпаття у другій половині 1940-х рр.)
'. Museum "Territory of Terror. Since 1947 Turyanytsia was a member of the Presidium of the

Verkhovna Rada The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ( uk, Верхо́вна Ра́да Украї́ни, translit=, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, translation=Supreme Council of Ukraine, Ukrainian abbreviation ''ВРУ''), often simply Verkhovna Rada or just Rada, is the ...

and since 1949 the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine. He was a member of the

Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Верховный Совет Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, r=Verkhovnyy Sovet Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respubl ...

2nd and 3rd convocations and the

2nd–4th convocations.

References

External links

Profile
in the

Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991 A handbook is a type of reference work, or other collection of instructions, that is intended to provide ready reference. The term originally applied to a small or portable book containing information useful for its owner, but the ''Oxford Engl ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turyanytsia, Ivan 1901 births 1955 deaths People from Zakarpattia Oblast Communist Party of Czechoslovakia politicians Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) politicians Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) members Second convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Third convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Fourth convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Second convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Third convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Recipients of the Order of Lenin 20th-century Ukrainian politicians Czechoslovak emigrants to the Soviet Union