Iris most often refers to: *

Iris (anatomy) In humans and most mammals and birds, the iris (plural: ''irides'' or ''irises'') is a thin, annular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil, and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. Eye colo ...

, part of the eye *

Iris (mythology) In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Iris (; ; grc-gre, Ἶρις, Îris, rainbow, ) is a daughter of the gods Thaumas and Electra, the personification of the rainbow and messenger of the gods, a servant to the Olympians and especially Qu ...

, a Greek goddess * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants *

Iris (color) Iris is an ambiguous color term, usually referring to shades ranging from blue-violet to violet. However, in certain applications, it has been applied to an even wider array of colors, including pale blue, mauve, pink, and even yellow (the ...

, an ambiguous color term Iris or IRIS may also refer to:

Arts and media

Fictional entities

* Iris (''American Horror Story''), an ''American Horror Story: Hotel'' character * Iris (''Fire Force''), a character in the manga series ''Fire Force'' * Iris (''Mega Man''), a ''Mega Man X4'' character ** Iris, a ''Mega Man Battle Network'' character * Iris (''Pokémon'') ** Iris (''Pokémon'' anime) * Iris, a '' Trolls: The Beat Goes On!'' character * Sorceress Iris, a ''Magicians of Xanth'' character * Iris, a kaiju character in '' Gamera 3: The Revenge of Iris'' * Iris, a '' LoliRock'' character * Iris, a '' Lufia II: Rise of the Sinistrals'' (1995) character * Iris, a '' Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations'' character * Iris, a ''Ruby Gloom'' character * Iris, a ''

Taxi Driver ''Taxi Driver'' is a 1976 American film directed by Martin Scorsese, written by Paul Schrader, and starring Robert De Niro, Jodie Foster, Cybill Shepherd, Harvey Keitel, Peter Boyle, Leonard Harris, and Albert Brooks. Set in a decaying and ...

'' (1976) character * Iris Sagan, in '' AI: The Somnium Files''

Film, television, and theatre

Film

Iris shot An iris shot is a technique used in silent film and television sometimes to emphasize a detail of a scene above all others, more commonly to end or open a scene. The film camera's iris is slowly closed or opened, so that what is visible on film app ...

, a film technique for ending a scene * ''Iris'' (1916 film), a British silent romance * ''Iris'' (1987 film), a Dutch film directed by Mady Saks * ''Iris'' (2001 film), a biopic about Iris Murdoch * ''Iris'' (2014 film), a documentary about Iris Apfel by Albert Maysles * ''Iris'' (2016 film), a French film directed by Jalil Lespert

Stage productions

* ''Iris'' (Cirque du Soleil), a resident show in Los Angeles, California * ''Iris'' (play), a 1901 play by the British writer Arthur Wing Pinero

Television

Iris (TV channel) Iris is an Italian free entertainment television channel, launched on November 30, 2007, operated by Mediaset and owned by MFE - MediaForEurope. It is broadcast in Italy on DTT channel 22 on mux ''Mediaset 4 ''. Iris broadcasts films (mainly a ...

, an Italian free entertainment television channel * ''Iris'' (TV series), a 2009 South Korean espionage television drama series * ''Iris II'' (TV series), a 2013 South Korean espionage television drama series * ''

Iris, The Happy Professor ''Iris, The Happy Professor'' (also known as ''Iris'' and ''Professor Iris'' and in French as ''Iris, le gentil professeur'' or ''Professeur Iris'') is a Canadian-produced television show that run for 156 episodes from 1992 to 1994, created by for ...

'', a 1992 Canadian television show featuring a purple ibis

Music

Classical compositions

* ''Iris'' (opera), by Pietro Mascagni * "Iris", chanson by

Michel Lambert Michel Lambert (1610 – 29 June 1696) was a French singing master, theorbist and composer. Career Lambert was born at Champigny-sur-Veude, France. He received his musical education as an altar boy at the Chapel of Gaston d'Orléans, a brother of ...

(1610–1696) * "Iris", chanson by

Jean-Benjamin de La Borde Jean-Benjamin François de la Borde (5 September 1734 – 22 July 1794) was a French composer, writer on music and '' fermier général'' (farm tax collector). Born into an aristocratic family, he studied violin under Antoine Dauvergne and composi ...

(1734–1794) * ''Iris'', concerto by

Archibald Joyce Archibald Joyce (25 May 1873 – 22 March 1963) was an English light music composer of the early 20th century. Often regarded as the "English Waltz King," he is known for short compositions such as Dream of Autumn and Vision of Salome, both of w ...

(1873–1963) * ''Iris'', for saxophone by

Tansy Davies Tansy Davies (born 29 May 1973, Bristol) is an English composer of contemporary classical music. She won the BBC Young Composers' Competition in 1996 and has written works for ensembles such as the London Symphony Orchestra, the BBC Symphony Or ...

(born 1973)

Performers

Iris (American band) Iris was an American synthpop band, formed by Reagan Jones and Mat Morris in 1993. After the release of their first album '' Disconnect'', Matthew Morris was replaced with Andrew Sega, who pushed the band's sound in a more experimental electro ...

, a synthpop group *

Iris (Romanian band) Iris is a Romanian rock band established in February 1977 by Ioan 'Nelu' Dumitrescu (drums), Ion 'Nuțu' Olteanu (lead solo guitar and vocals) and Emil Lechințeanu (bass guitar). They achieved success, followed by tours throughout Romania and r ...

, a heavy metal group *

Iris (Japanese band) (stylized as i☆Ris) is a Japanese voice acting and singing female idol group, formed in 2012 by Avex. The group currently consists of five members: Saki Yamakita, Yu Serizawa, Himika Akaneya, Yūki Wakai, and Miyu Kubota. The leader is Saki ...

, a Japanese girl idol group * Arc Iris, a folk pop band from Providence, Rhode Island, US

Albums

* ''Iris'' (album), by the Romanian band Iris * ''Iris'' (EP), a 1992 EP by Miranda Sex Garden

Songs

* "Iris" (song), a 1998 song by the Goo Goo Dolls on the soundtrack ''City of Angels'', later covered by other artists * "Iris", a song by The Breeders on the album '' Pod'' * "Iris", a song by Miles Davis on the 1965 album ''

ESP ESP most commonly refers to: * Extrasensory perception, a paranormal ability ESP may also refer to: Arts, entertainment Music * ESP Guitars, a manufacturer of electric guitars * E.S. Posthumus, an independent music group formed in 2000, ...

'' * "Iris", a song by Emmy the Great on the album ''

Virtue Virtue ( la, virtus) is moral excellence. A virtue is a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is valued as a foundation of principle and good moral being. In other words, it is a behavior that shows high moral standard ...

'' * "Iris", a song by Live on the album ''

Throwing Copper ''Throwing Copper'' is the third studio album by American alternative rock band Live, released on April 26, 1994, on former MCA Records subsidiary Radioactive Records. It was produced by Jerry Harrison of Talking Heads and was recorded at Pach ...

'' * "Iris", a song by Mike Posner on the album ''

At Night, Alone ''At Night, Alone.'' is the second studio album by American singer Mike Posner. It was released on May 6, 2016 by Island. The album features guest appearances by Labrinth and Big Sean. The album received positive reviews from music critics, who c ...

'' * "Iris", a song by Split Enz on the album '' Waiata'' * "Iris (Hold Me Close)", a song by U2 on the album ''

Songs of Innocence ''Songs of Innocence and of Experience'' is a collection of illustrated poems by William Blake. It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and Illuminated manuscript, illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later, he b ...

Periodicals

* '' El Iris'', a Mexican periodical published in 1826 * '' Sheffield Iris'', an early English newspaper * ''

IRIS Magazine ''IRIS'' was an English and Irish language magazine which focuses on Irish republicanism, Irish politics, current affairs, history and foreign affairs. The first issue of the magazine was published in 1981. Its headquarters was in Belfast. It ce ...

'', an Irish republican magazine

Other media

Iris (game) The first-person shooter video game ''Halo 3'' was the focus of an extensive marketing campaign which began with the game's developer, Bungie, announcing the game via a trailer at the Electronic Entertainment Expo in May 2006. Microsoft, the gam ...

, a ''Halo 3'' online promotion * ''Irises'' (painting), by Vincent Van Gogh * ''

Iris, Messenger of the Gods ''Iris, Messenger of the Gods'' (French: "Iris, messagère des Dieux") (sometimes known as ''Flying Figure'', or ''Eternal Tunnel'') is a bronze sculpture by Auguste Rodin. A plaster model, created between 1891 and 1894, was cast in bronze by ...

'', a sculpture by Auguste Rodin

Organizations

Charitable organizations

* IRIS (radio reading service), provided by Vision Australia Radio *

Iris Fund for Prevention of Blindness Fight for Sight is a UK charity funding research into the prevention and treatment of blindness and eye disease. Since 1965 the charity has been funding medical research into a wide range of eye conditions, including macular degeneration, glauco ...

, a British charity, now part of Fight for Sight *

International Resources for the Improvement of Sight International Resources for the Improvement of Sight (IRIS) is an International NGO that specializes in prevention of blindness and restoration of sight. It was founded in 1996 by Michele Claudel and John Stewart. It was initially founded to help p ...

, a multi-national charity

Research groups

IRIS Consortium IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) is a university research consortium dedicated to exploring the Earth's interior through the collection and distribution of seismographic data. IRIS programs contribute to scholarly research, ...

, a seismology research project * IRIS Research, an Australian economic, community and industry research organisation *

Information Systems Research in Scandinavia The IRIS (Information Systems Research in Scandinavia) Association is a non-profit organization aiming to promote research and research education in the use, development and management of information systems in Scandinavia, and making that research ...

, a non-profit organization in Scandinavia *

Institute for Research in Information and Scholarship The Institute for Research in Information and Scholarship (IRIS) was founded at Brown University by Andries van Dam, William S. Shipp, and Norman Meyrowitz in 1983 and closed in 1991. It was initially part of a campus-wide effort at Brown to dev ...

, a Brown University program

Other organizations

* Iris Associates, an American software company, developer of Lotus Notes *

Iris Capital Iris Capital is a venture capital firm, specialized in the digital economy, primarily active in Europe. Since its creation, the Iris Capital team has invested more than a billion Euros in over 230 innovative companies. Iris Capital is sponsored ...

, a venture capital firm primarily active in Europe *

Iris Clert Gallery The Iris Clert Gallery (''Galerie Iris Clert'' in French) was an art gallery named after its Greek owner and curator, Iris Clert. The single-room gallery The Iris Clert Gallery (Galerie'' Iris Clert'' in French) was an art gallery named after its ...

, a former art gallery in Paris *

Iris Ohyama is a Japanese consumer plastic manufacturer based in Aoba-ku, Sendai, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture. It is the leading storage organization manufacturer in Japan. The company designs and manufactures products aimed at the fu ...

, a Japanese manufacturing company *

Denso Iris The Denso Iris are a basketball team based in Kariya, Aichi, playing in the Women's Japan Basketball League. Denso Iris uses Wing Arena Kariya as its home arena. Notable players *:it:Arisa Fujiwara, Arisa Fujiwara *:it:Kumiko Ōba, Kumiko Ōba *M ...

, a basketball team based in Kariya, Aichi

People

Iris (given name) Iris (from Greek , the messenger of the gods among themselves and the personification of , the "rainbow") is a feminine name. It came into use in English-speaking countries in the 1500s in reference to the goddess and the coloring of the iris of ...

, a feminine given name, and a list of people so named *

Iris (artist) Iris Boudreau-Jeanneau, who publishes under the name Iris, (born 1983) is a Canadian comic book artist living in Quebec. She was born in the Pointe-Gatineau neighbourhood of Hull (now part of Gatineau) and received a diploma from the École mult ...

(born 1983), comics artist in Quebec, Canada * Íris (footballer) (born 1945), Brazilian footballer *

Iris (singer) Laura van den Bruel, known as Iris or Airis (born 19 January 1995), is a Belgians, Belgian singer. Eurovision On 18 November 2011, it was announced by Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie (VRT), that Iris would represent Belgium in the Eu ...

(born 1995), Belgian singer *

Donnie Iris Donnie Iris (born Dominic Ierace, February 28, 1943) is an American rock musician known for his work with the Jaggerz and Wild Cherry during the 1970s, and for his solo career beginning in the 1980s with his band, the Cruisers. He wrote the ...

(born 1943), American rock musician

Places

North America

* Iris, Prince Edward Island, a community in Canada * Iris, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Iris Avenue station, on the San Diego Trolley * Iris Falls, a waterfall in Wyoming

Elsewhere

* Iris, Cluj-Napoca, a district in Romania * Iris Bay, in South Georgia, British Overseas Territory * Iris Bay (Dubai), a 32-floor tower in the United Arab Emirates *

Glen Iris (disambiguation) Glen Iris may refer to: *Glen Iris, Victoria, Australia *Glen Iris, Western Australia A glen is a valley, typically one that is long and bounded by gently sloped concave sides, unlike a ravine, which is deep and bounded by steep slopes. Whitto ...

, several places * River Iris, now

Yeşilırmak River Yeşilırmak (literally "green river") is a Turkish place name that may refer to several things: *Yeşilırmak (river), a river in northern Turkey *Elif Jale Yeşilırmak (born 1986), Turkish female wrestler of Russian origin *Limnitis Limnitis ...

, a river in northern Turkey, called Iris in classical Greek *

IRIS Mist IRIS Mist was a proposed mixed used tower which was to be built in Dubai Maritime City, in Dubai, United Arab Emirates The United Arab Emirates (UAE; ar, اَلْإِمَارَات الْعَرَبِيَة الْمُتَحِدَة ), or ...

, a tower to be built in Dubai Maritime City, United Arab Emirates

Science and technology

Astronomy and spaceflight

IRIS (astronomical software) Astrophotography, also known as astronomical imaging, is the photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events, or areas of the night sky. The first photograph of an astronomical object (the Moon) was taken in 1840, but it was no ...

, an image processing application *

Iris (transponder) The Iris transponder is a small, low power deep-space transponder designed by JPL for use in cubesats. It unifies a number of communication functions - receiver, command detector, telemetry modulator, exciters, and control functions - into one 1. ...

, designed for use in cubesats *

7 Iris Iris (minor planet designation: 7 Iris) is a large main-belt asteroid and perhaps remnant planetesimal orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. It is the fourth-brightest object in the asteroid belt. It is classified as an S-type asteroid, mea ...

, an asteroid *

Infrared interferometer spectrometer and radiometer An Infrared interferometer spectrometer and radiometer (IRIS) is a device built into the Voyager space probe which enables the measurement of three distinct properties. The instrument itself consists of two separate instruments that together share ...

, an instrument used in the Voyager space program *

Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), also called Explorer 94 and SMEX-12, is a NASA solar observation satellite. The mission was funded through the Small Explorer program to investigate the physical conditions of the solar limb, part ...

, a space probe to observe the Sun *

Iris Nebula The Iris Nebula (also known as NGC 7023 and Caldwell 4) is a bright reflection nebula in the constellation Cepheus. The designation NGC 7023 refers to the open cluster within the larger reflection nebula designated LBN 487. The nebula, which ...

, a reflection nebula and Caldwell object in the constellation Cepheus * International Radiation Investigation Satellite, an early satellite to study radiation in space *

Internet Routing in Space Internet Routing in Space (IRIS) was a program to build a radiation-tolerant IP router created by Cisco Systems for satellite and related spacecraft. It was a follow-on from Cisco's earlier CLEO router in space on the UK-DMC satellite. The Ci ...

, an Internet router on a satellite

Biology and medicine

, part of the eye * ''Iris'' (insect), a genus of praying mantis * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Iris (psychedelic), a psychedelic drug * Iris glossy-starling, the emerald starling (''Lamprotornis iris'') *

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a condition seen in some cases of AIDS or immunosuppression, in which the immune system begins to recover, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection with an overwhel ...

, a complication of HIV treatment

Computing

Computing hardware

* IRIS (biosensor), an interferometric high-throughput biosensor *

Iris Mote A sensor node, also known as a mote (chiefly in North America), is a node in a sensor network that is capable of performing some processing', gathering sensory information and communicating with other connected nodes in the network. A mote is ...

, a wireless sensor node *

Iris printer An Iris printer is a large-format color inkjet printer introduced in 1985 by Iris Graphics, originally of Stoneham, Massachusetts and currently manufactured by the Graphic Communications Group of Eastman Kodak, designed for prepress proofing. It is ...

, an inkjet printer *

SGI IRIS The SGI IRIS series of terminals and workstations from Silicon Graphics was produced in the 1980s and 1990s. IRIS is an acronym for Integrated Raster Imaging System. Overview 68000 The early systems up to IRIS 3000 use the Motorola 68000 series ...

, a line of computer terminals and workstations *

HTC Iris The HTC S640 (a.k.a. The HTC Iris) is a smartphone manufactured by High Tech Computer Corporation exclusively for Telus clients. Availability As of October 2007, the phone has been offered exclusively from Telus. See also *High Tech Computer C ...

, a smartphone manufactured by High Tech Computer Corporation * Intel HD, UHD and Iris Graphics, a series of integrated graphics processors *

, a space-capable IP router

Software

, an image processing application *

IRIS (transportation software) IRIS (Intelligent Roadway Information System) is an open-source Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) software project developed by the Minnesota Department of Transportation. It is used by transportation agencies to monitor and manage inter ...

, an Advanced Traffic Management System * Iris Associates, an American software company, developer of Lotus Notes * Iris Browser, a web browser *

IRIS GL IRIS GL (Integrated Raster Imaging System Graphics Library) is a proprietary graphics API created by Silicon Graphics (SGI) in the early 1980s for producing 2D and 3D computer graphics on their IRIX-based IRIS graphical workstations. Later SGI re ...

, a graphics application programming interface * IRIS Workspace, a graphically organized iconic desktop environment * Incident Resource Inventory System (IRIS), a distributed software tool provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Other uses in computing

Iris Challenge Evaluation The Iris Challenge Evaluation (ICE) were a series of events conducted and managed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology for projects on technology development and evaluation for iris recognition. Industry, academia, and research inst ...

, a series of NIST events to promote iris recognition technology * Iris Recognition Immigration System, an electronic border control system *

, a non-profit organization in Scandinavia *

Iris flower data set The ''Iris'' flower data set or Fisher's ''Iris'' data set is a multivariate data set used and made famous by the British statistician and biologist Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper ''The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems'' as an ...

, a standard example data set for use in statistics (and related software)

Weapons

* IRIS (jamming device), an Estonian weapon *

IRIS-T The IRIS-T ("thermography, InfraRed Imaging System Tail/thrust vectoring, Thrust Vector-Controlled") is a medium range infrared homing missile available in both air-to-air missile, air-to-air and ground defence surface-to-air missile, surface- ...

, a German air-to-air missile *

Shahab-4 The Shahab-4 ( fa, شهاب ۴, meaning "Meteor-4") (a.k.a. IRIS) was an unbuilt Iranian rocket, derived from the Shahab-3 medium-range ballistic missile. According to Iran it was intended to be a space launch vehicle, after a slip by the Defense ...

or IRIS, an Iranian liquid propelled missile

Other uses in science and technology

Iris (diaphragm) In optics, a diaphragm is a thin opaque structure with an opening (aperture) at its center. The role of the diaphragm is to ''stop'' the passage of light, except for the light passing through the ''aperture''. Thus it is also called a stop (an a ...

, a mechanical device in optical systems * Tropical Storm Iris (disambiguation), three tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean *

, a seismology research project *

, a Brown University program *

Internal rotary inspection system Internal rotary inspection system (IRIS) is an ultrasonic method for the nondestructive testing of pipes and tubes. The IRIS probe is inserted into a tube that is flooded with water, and the probe is pulled out slowly as the data is displayed and ...

, a pipe testing method *

International Reactor Innovative and Secure International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) is a Generation IV reactor design made by an international team of companies, laboratories, and universities and coordinated by Westinghouse Electric Company, Westinghouse. IRIS is hoped to open up ...

, a nuclear reactor design * IRIS (french: Îlots regroupés pour l'information statistique), aggregated units for statistical information in French census mapping

Transportation

Aircraft

* Abraham Iris, a 1930s French touring airplane *

Blackburn Iris The Blackburn Iris was a British three-engined biplane flying boat of the 1920s. Although only five Irises were built, it was used as a long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft by the Royal Air Force, where it equipped a squadron for four ye ...

, a 1920s British biplane flying boat

Automobiles

Iris (car) Iris was a British car brand that was manufactured from 1906 to 1925 by Legros & Knowles Ltd in Willesden, London and Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. History The Iris Motor Co, was established at Holland St, Brixton, London, in 1902. It made moto ...

, a British car brand manufactured 1906–1925 * Desert Iris, a Jordanian 4x4 strategic auxiliary vehicle *

Tata Magic Iris The Tata Magic Iris is a 3-door, 4- or 5-seater cabover microvan/minivan ( MPV) manufactured by the Indian automaker Tata Motors. Powered by a 600cc one-cylinder diesel engine, it is intended to compete with auto-rickshaws. With its engine deliv ...

, an Indian microvan *

Wallyscar Wallyscar is a Tunisian List of automobile manufacturers, car manufacturer, founded in 2006 and based in Ben Arous. Production is 600 units per year. The company sells in Panama, France, Spain, Qatar and Morocco. Wallyscar cooperates with ...

Iris, a Tunisian mini SUV

Engines

* IRIS engine, a design for a type of internal combustion engine *

de Havilland Iris The de Havilland Iris was a British four-cylinder, liquid-cooled, horizontally opposed aero engine. Notable as the first aero engine to be designed by Geoffrey de Havilland it was produced in small numbers between 1909 and 1910 by Iris C ...

, a British four-cylinder, liquid-cooled, horizontally opposed aero engine

Rail

* ''Iris'' (train), an international express train in Europe * International Railway Industry Standard; see

Union des Industries Ferroviaires Européennes UNIFE (french: Union des Industries Ferroviaires Européennes), or the ''European Rail Supply Industry Association'', is an association of Europe's rail supply companies active in the design, manufacture, maintenance and refurbishment of rail t ...

Watercraft

* , for any of several ships by that name * French ship ''Iris'', the name of several vessels * HMS ''Iris'', the name of several Royal Navy ships * MV ''Royal Iris'', a ferry operating until 1991 * USS ''Iris'', the name of several U.S. Navy ships * MV ''Royal Iris of the Mersey'', a ferry operating since 2001 * IRIS, the prefix for Iranian naval vessels since 1979; see List of current ships of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy

Other uses

, an ambiguous color term, usually referring to shades ranging from blue-violet to violet *

, a Greek goddess * Incident Resource Inventory System (IRIS), a distributed software tool provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) *

Insurance Regulatory Information System The Insurance Regulatory Information System (IRIS) is a database of insurance companies in the United States run by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. IRIS is designed to provide information about insurers' financial solvency Sol ...

, a database of insurance companies in the United States