![01Logotipo del Instituto Nacional de colonizacion](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/01Logotipo_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_colonizacion.jpg)
The Instituto Nacional de Colonización y Desarrollo Rural, en, National Institute of Rural Development and Colonization, was the administrative entity that was established by the
Spanish State
Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spani ...
in October 1939, shortly after the end of the
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, lin ...
, in order to repopulate certain areas of
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
. This entity depended from the Ministry of Agriculture and it sought to alleviate the effects of the devastation caused by the three years of civil war.
The Instituto acquired land which it transferred to the villagers under different conditions according to the area and the levels of poverty of the tenants. The tenants eventually were expected to pay a small sum that allowed them to become the future owners of the land they tilled.
This ambitious plan led to the establishment of new villages in different parts of Spain, some of which still survive. The Instituto reached a height of activity and influence during the first two decades of Francoist Spain, but after the
Plan de Estabilización in 1959, and the subsequent
Planes de Desarrollo, its
autarkic
Autarky is the characteristic of self-sufficiency, usually applied to societies, communities, states, and their economic systems.
Autarky as an ideal or method has been embraced by a wide range of political ideologies and movements, especiall ...
goals and ideals became outdated. By 1971 the word "
Colonization
Colonization, or colonisation, constitutes large-scale population movements wherein migrants maintain strong links with their, or their ancestors', former country – by such links, gain advantage over other inhabitants of the territory. When ...
" had stopped being
politically correct
''Political correctness'' (adjectivally: ''politically correct''; commonly abbreviated ''PC'') is a term used to describe language, policies, or measures that are intended to avoid offense or disadvantage to members of particular groups in socie ...
and the name of the entity was changed to Instituto Nacional de Reforma y Desarrollo Agrario (IRYDA).
Goals and results
The Instituto's main goal was to increase agricultural production in Spain by devoting more land surface to agriculture. Priority was given to the development of new
irrigated areas in
arid
A region is arid when it severely lacks available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Regions with arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. Most ar ...
and
semi-arid
A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-ar ...
zones. This goal was very effective for the
propaganda
Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded ...
purposes of the new regime and triumphalistic claims were made that the colonization measures would increase
self-sufficiency
Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person or organization needs little or no help from, or interaction with, others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-s ...
. But often irrigation was opposed to the traditional and
sustainable
Specific definitions of sustainability are difficult to agree on and have varied in the literature and over time. The concept of sustainability can be used to guide decisions at the global, national, and individual levels (e.g. sustainable livin ...
methods of
dryland farming
Dryland farming and dry farming encompass specific agricultural techniques for the non-irrigated cultivation of crops. Dryland farming is associated with drylands, areas characterized by a cool wet season (which charges the soil with virtually ...
that were
ecologically
Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their biophysical environment, physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosy ...
more in tune with locally available resources in
fragile environments.
Although the plans of the IRYDA were implemented with the avowed goal of a "better management of natural resources of the country" ( es, "mejor aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos naturales en aguas y tierras"),
[Ley 35/1971 de 21 de julio (]Boletín Oficial del Estado
The ''Boletín Oficial del Estado'' (''BOE''; " en, Official State Gazette, label=none", from 1661 to 1936 known as the ''Gaceta de Madrid'', " en, Madrid Gazette, label=none") is the official gazette of the Spain, Kingdom of Spain and may be p ...
n.° 75, de 23-VII-1971). the agricultural policies implemented were sometimes not mindful of the environment, leading to
salinization of the terrain and to
soil erosion
Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the upper layer of soil. It is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice (glaciers), snow, air (wind), plants, and ...
in some areas. Some of the villages that were established in former
wetlands
A wetland is a distinct ecosystem that is flooded or saturated by water, either permanently (for years or decades) or seasonally (for weeks or months). Flooding results in oxygen-free (anoxic) processes prevailing, especially in the soils. The ...
or in
chronic drought areas were later abandoned, along with the lands that surrounded them and that had formerly been earmarked for agriculture.
List of villages
Many of the new villages were given a name related to the nearest river or even a name with an explicit reference to the ''Caudillo'' in order to cast a benevolent image of Francisco Franco, like
Llanos del Caudillo
Llanos del Caudillo is a municipality in Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 692.
History
Llanos del Caudillo was founded by colonist families in the 1950s,Decreto del Ministerio de la Gobernación del 6 de julio d ...
, ''Villafranco del Delta'', a village in the
Montsià
Montsià () is the southernmost comarca (county) of Catalonia in Spain. Its capital and largest city is Amposta.
History
Almost all Montsià municipalities are part of the Taula del Sénia free association or mancomunitat (commonwealth).
Munic ...
comarca nowadays rechristened as
El Poblenou del Delta
EL, El or el may refer to:
Religion
* El (deity), a Semitic word for "God"
People
* EL (rapper) (born 1983), stage name of Elorm Adablah, a Ghanaian rapper and sound engineer
* El DeBarge, music artist
* El Franco Lee (1949–2016), American po ...
or
Isla Mayor
Isla Mayor is a municipality located in the province of Seville, Spain. According to the 2009 census, Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) the municipality has a population of 5873 inhabitants.
Geography
The main village is Isla Mayor, abou ...
near
Seville
Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula ...
, the former ''Villafranco del Guadalquivir''.
Some of these new settlements were built to house the families whose houses were flooded when their ancestral village was submerged by the waters of one of the many
reservoir
A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation.
Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ...
s built during the development plans of the 1950s and 1960s, like
Loriguilla,
Mequinensa
Mequinenza (Aragonese and ) or Mequinensa () is a town and municipality of the province of Zaragoza, in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It is located beside the river Segre, close to its confluence with the river Ebro between the Mequi ...
and
Faió (Fayón), among others. Others were renovations and repopulations of previously extant but abandoned towns.
*
Andalucía
Andalusia (, ; es, Andalucía ) is the southernmost Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous community in the country. It is officially recognised as a ...
**
Guadalimar del Caudillo, in
Lupión,
Province of Jaén
**
Guadalén del Caudillo, in
Vilches, Province of Jaén
**
Agrupación de Mogón, in
Villacarrillo Villacarrillo is a locality and Spanish municipality located in the south-western part of the region of Las Villas, in the province of Jaén. It borders the municipalities of Santisteban del Puerto, Iznatoraf, Villanueva del Arzobispo, Santiago-Pon ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Arroturas, in
Villacarrillo Villacarrillo is a locality and Spanish municipality located in the south-western part of the region of Las Villas, in the province of Jaén. It borders the municipalities of Santisteban del Puerto, Iznatoraf, Villanueva del Arzobispo, Santiago-Pon ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Agrupación de Santo Tomé (also known as ''Montiel'') in
Santo Tomé, Province of Jaén
**
Veracruz de Úbeda, in
Úbeda
Úbeda (; from Iberian ''Ibiut'') is a town in the province of Jaén in Spain's autonomous community of Andalusia, with 34,733 (data 2017) inhabitants. Both this city and the neighbouring city of Baeza benefited from extensive patronage in the ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Solana de Torralba, in Úbeda, Province of Jaén
**
Valdecazorla, in
Cazorla
Cazorla is a municipality of Spain located in the province of Jaén, Andalusia. According to the 2006 census (INE), it had a population of 8,173 inhabitants.
Description
Cazorla lies at an elevation of 836 metres on the western slope of the Si ...
, Province of Jaén
**
San Miguel, in Úbeda, Province of Jaén
**
Donadio, in
Úbeda
Úbeda (; from Iberian ''Ibiut'') is a town in the province of Jaén in Spain's autonomous community of Andalusia, with 34,733 (data 2017) inhabitants. Both this city and the neighbouring city of Baeza benefited from extensive patronage in the ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Puente del Obispo, in
Baeza, Province of Jaén
**
Sotogordo, in
Mancha Real
Mancha Real is a city located in the province of Jaén, Spain. According to the 2020 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* Instituto Nacional de Estadíst ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Vados de Torralba, in
Villatorres, Province of Jaén
**
Campillo del Río, in
Torreblascopedro, Province of Jaén
**
Miraelrío, in Vilches, Province of Jaén
**
Vegas de Santa María - Barrio de Linares, in
Linares, Province of Jaén
**
Espeluy expansion, in Espeluy, Province of Jaén
**
La Quintería, in
Villanueva de la Reina
Villanueva de la Reina is a town located in the province of Jaén, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* Instituto Nacional d ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Los Villares de Andújar, in
Andújar
Andújar () is a Spanish municipality of 38,539 people (2005) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia. The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River. The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andú ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Vegas de Triana, in
Andújar
Andújar () is a Spanish municipality of 38,539 people (2005) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia. The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River. The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andú ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Llanos del Sotillo, in
Andújar
Andújar () is a Spanish municipality of 38,539 people (2005) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia. The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River. The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andú ...
, Province of Jaén
**
La Ropera
LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States.
La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to:
Arts and entertainment Music
* La (musical note), or A, the sixth note
* "L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on Figure 8 ( ...
, in
Andújar
Andújar () is a Spanish municipality of 38,539 people (2005) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia. The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River. The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andú ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Poblado de San Julián, in
Marmolejo
Volcán Marmolejo is a high Pleistocene stratovolcano in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile. It is located NNE of the active San José volcano, and is the southernmost -plus peak in the world. The Argentine portion is withi ...
, Province of Jaén
**
Bembézar del Caudillo, in
Hornachuelos
Hornachuelos is a city located in the province of Córdoba, Spain. According to the 2006 census ( INE), the city has a population of 4662 inhabitants.
The first scene of Act II of Giuseppe Verdi's ''La forza del destino
' (; ''The Power of ...
,
Province of Córdoba
**
Villafranco del Guadalhorce, in
Alhaurín el Grande
Alhaurín el Grande is a town located in the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia in southern Spain.
It covers an area of 73.1 km2 extending from the northern slope of the Sierra de Mijas and the plain of the Guadalh ...
,
Province of Málaga
The province of Málaga ( es, Provincia de Málaga ) is located in Andalusia, Spain. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south and by the provinces of Cádiz to the west, Seville to the northwest, Córdoba to the north, and Granada to ...
**
Guadalcacín (formerly ''Guadalcacín del Caudillo''), in
Jerez de la Frontera
Jerez de la Frontera (), or simply Jerez (), is a Spanish city and municipality in the province of Cádiz in the autonomous community of Andalusia, in southwestern Spain, located midway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Cádiz Mountains. , the ...
,
Province of Cádiz
Cádiz is a Provinces of Spain, province of southern Spain, in the southwestern part of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the southernmost part of mainland Spain, as well as the southernmost part of conti ...
**
Isla Mayor
Isla Mayor is a municipality located in the province of Seville, Spain. According to the 2009 census, Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) the municipality has a population of 5873 inhabitants.
Geography
The main village is Isla Mayor, abou ...
(formerly ''Villafranco del Guadalquivir''), in the
Province of Sevilla
The Province of Seville ( es, Sevilla) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Málaga, Cádiz in the south, Huelva in the west, Badajoz in the north and ...
**
El Viar (formerly ''El Viar del Caudillo''), in
Alcalá del Río
Alcalá del Río is a municipality in Seville, Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, ...
, Province of Sevilla
**
Peñuelas, in
Láchar
Láchar is a municipality in the province of Granada, in Spain. The village of Láchar lies in Granada's floodplain (or "''Vega de Granada''", in Spanish language, Spanish) amid poplar forests, arable farmland and olive groves. The surrounding cou ...
,
Province of Granada
Granada is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Albacete, Murcia, Almería, Jaén, Córdoba, Málaga, and the Mediterranean Sea (along the Costa Tropical). ...
**
Fuensanta, in Pinos Puente, Province of Granada
**
Loreto, in Moraleda de Safayona, Province of Granada
**
Romilla la Nueva, in Chauchina, Province of Granada
**
El Chaparral
The El Chaparral port of entry or border crossing (''Puerto Fronterizo El Chaparral'') is as of 2012 the main vehicle crossing point from San Diego into Tijuana, Mexico, replacing the former entry point known as Puerta México which stood immediate ...
, in Albolote, Province of Granada
**
Buenavista (known as ''Burrianca''), in Alhama de Granada, Province of Granada
**
San Isidro, in
Níjar
Níjar () is a Spanish municipality in the province of Almería, Andalusia. It lies in the eastern part of Almería, in the Sierra de Alhamilla and the south-eastern Mediterranean coast, in the Campo de Níjar, near the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natur ...
,
Province of Almeria
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...
**
Campohermoso
Campohermoso () is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Lengupá Province.
Climate
Campohermoso has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with th ...
, in Níjar, Province of Almeria
**
Atochares, in Níjar, Province of Almeria
**
Puebloblanco, in Níjar, Province of Almeria
*
Aragón
Aragon ( , ; Spanish and an, Aragón ; ca, Aragó ) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to sout ...
**
Camporreal, in
Sos del Rey Católico
Sos del Rey Católico (in Aragonese: Sos d'o Rei Catolico) is a historic town and municipality in the Cinco Villas comarca, province of Zaragoza, in Aragon, Spain.
History
Located on rocky and elevated terrain, this important border town ser ...
,
Province of Zaragoza
Zaragoza (), also called Saragossa in English,''Encyclopædia Britannica''Zaragoza (conventional Saragossa)/ref> is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Aragon.
Its capital is Zaragoza, which is also th ...
**
Alera
''Alera'' is a Neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperat ...
, in
Sádaba
Sádaba (in Aragonese: Sadaba) is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Pl ...
, Province of Zaragoza
**
Bárdena del Caudillo, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
Valareña, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
El Bayo
El Bayo is a settlement in the municipality of Ejea de los Caballeros, in the province of Zaragoza.
History
Along with other settler villages of Ejea de los Caballeros, this locality was inaugurated on April 8, 1959, and quickly the first sett ...
, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
Santa Anastasia, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
Pinsoro, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
Valareña, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
El Sabinar, in Ejea de los Caballeros, Province of Zaragoza
**
Ontinar de Salz, in
Zuera
Zuera is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2010 census,Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain) the municipality has a population of 7,510 inhabitants. The name is proposed coming from the Baske ...
, Province of Zaragoza
**
Puilatos, in
Zuera
Zuera is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2010 census,Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain) the municipality has a population of 7,510 inhabitants. The name is proposed coming from the Baske ...
, Province of Zaragoza, (demolished)
**
Sancho Abarca, in
Tauste
Tauste ( an, Taust) is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain.
History
Sights include the Mudéjar church of Santa María, begun in the late 13th century and finished in the 14th century. It has an octagonal tower, a ...
, Province of Zaragoza
**
Santa Engracia, in
Tauste
Tauste ( an, Taust) is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain.
History
Sights include the Mudéjar church of Santa María, begun in the late 13th century and finished in the 14th century. It has an octagonal tower, a ...
, Province of Zaragoza
**
Valsalada in
Almudévar
Almudévar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* Instituto Nacio ...
,
Huesca
Huesca (; an, Uesca) is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and of the comarca of Hoya de Huesca. In 2009 it had a population of 52,059, almo ...
**
Artasona del Llano in
Almudévar
Almudévar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* Instituto Nacio ...
,
Province of Huesca
Huesca ( an, Uesca, ca, Osca), officially Huesca/Uesca, is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. The capital is Huesca.
Positioned just south of the central Pyrenees, Huesca borders France and the French Departments of Haute-Ga ...
**
San Jorge in
Almudévar
Almudévar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* Instituto Nacio ...
, Province of Huesca
**
El Temple, in
Gurrea de Gállego, Province of Huesca
**
Sodeto
Sodeto is a village in the municipality of Alberuela de Tubo, Huesca, Spain. The village was created in 1950 by the ''Instituto Nacional de Colonización y Desarrollo Rural'' (INCDR), in English: Instituto Nacional de Colonización, National Inst ...
, in
Alberuela de Tubo, Province of Huesca
**
Valmuel (formerly ''Alpeñés del Caudillo''), in
Alcañiz
Alcañiz () is a town and municipality of Teruel province in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. The town is located on the banks of the river Guadalope. Alcañiz is the unofficial capital of the Lower Aragon historical region. It lies som ...
,
Province of Teruel
Teruel (Catalan: ''Terol'' ) is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. The capital is Teruel.
It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia (including its exclave Rincón de Ademuz), Cuenca, Guadalajara, and Zar ...
**
Puigmoreno (formerly ''Campillo de Franco''), in Alcañiz, Province of Teruel
*
Castilla La Mancha
**
Alberche del Caudillo, in
Calera y Chozas
Calera y Chozas is a municipality located in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2006 census ( INE), the municipality has a population of 4157 inhabitants.
Villages
*Calera y Chozas
*Alberche del Caudillo, a villag ...
,
Province of Toledo
Toledo is a province of central Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. It is bordered by the provinces of Madrid, Cuenca, Ciudad Real, Badajoz, Cáceres, and Ávila. Its capital is the city of Toledo.
...
**
Talavera la Nueva
Talavera la Nueva is an ("administrative territorial entity below municipality") belonging to the municipality of Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
History
Located 5 km away from the city proper of Talavera de la Reina, it was founded by the Instituto ...
, in
Talavera de la Reina
Talavera de la Reina () is a city and municipality of Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. Its population of 83,303 makes it the second most populated municipality of the province of Toledo and the fourth largest in th ...
, Province of Toledo
**
Llanos del Caudillo
Llanos del Caudillo is a municipality in Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 692.
History
Llanos del Caudillo was founded by colonist families in the 1950s,Decreto del Ministerio de la Gobernación del 6 de julio d ...
, in the
Province of Ciudad Real
The province of Ciudad Real () is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete, Jaén, Province of Córdoba (Spain), Córdoba, Province of Bada ...
**
Cinco Casas, in the Province of Ciudad Real
**
Consolación (formerly ''Villanueva de Franco''), in
Valdepeñas
Valdepeñas is a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is also the seat of the judicial district that covers the localities of Moral de Calatrava, Santa Cruz de Mudela, Viso de ...
, Province of Ciudad Real
**
Pueblo Nuevo del Bullaque, Province of Ciudad Real
**
Santa Quiteria, Province of Ciudad Real
**
Bazán, Province of Ciudad Real
**
Los Mirones, in
Valenzuela de Calatrava
Valenzuela de Calatrava is a municipality in Ciudad Real Province, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 802.
Villages
*Valenzuela de Calatrava, Postal Code 13279
* Los Mirones, Postal Code 13739. A village established by the Institut ...
, Province of Ciudad Real
**
Cañada de Agra,
Province of Albacete
Albacete ( es, Provincia de Albacete, ) is a province of central Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. As of 2012, Albacete had a population of 402,837 people. Its capital city, also called Albacete, is ...
**
Mingogil, Province of Albacete
**
Nava de Campana, in
Hellín
Hellín is a city and Municipalities in Spain, municipality of Spain located in the province of Albacete, Castilla–La Mancha. The municipality spans across a total area of 781.66 km2. As of 1 January 2020, it has a population of 30,200, which mak ...
, Province of Albacete
**
Aguas Nuevas, Province of Albacete
*
Castilla-León
**
Águeda del Caudillo, in
Ciudad Rodrigo
Ciudad Rodrigo () is a small cathedral city in the province of Salamanca, in western Spain, with a population in 2016 of 12,896. It is also the seat of a judicial district.
The site of Ciudad Rodrigo, perched atop a rocky rise on the right bank ...
,
Province of Salamanca
Salamanca () is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Zamora, Valladolid, Ávila, and Cáceres, and on the west by Portugal. It has ...
**
Cascón de la Nava,
Province of Palencia
Palencia is a province of northern Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by the provinces of León, Cantabria, Burgos, and Valladolid.
Overview
Of ...
**
Foncastín, in
Rueda,
Province of Valladolid
Valladolid () is a Provinces of Spain, province of northwest Spain, in the central part of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Castile-Leon, Castile and León. It has a population of 520,716 people in a total of 225 munici ...
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San Bernardo, Province of Valladolid
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Guma,
Province of Burgos
The Province of Burgos is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bordered by the provinces of Palencia, Cantabria, Vizcaya, Álava, La Rioja, Soria, Segovia, and Valladolid. ...
*
Catalonia
Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy.
Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the north ...
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Poblenou del Delta (formerly ''Villafranco del Delta''), in
Amposta
Amposta () is the capital of the ''comarca'' of Montsià, in the province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain, 190 km south of Barcelona on the Mediterranean Coast. It is located at 8 metres above sea level, on the Ebre river, not far from its mo ...
,
Province of Tarragona
Tarragona (, ) is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia. It is bordered by the provinces of Castellón, Teruel, Zaragoza, Lérida and Barcelona and by the Mediterranean Sea.
The province's p ...
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Gimenells, now
Gimenells i el Pla de la Font,
Province of Lleida
The Province of Lleida (; Aranese Occitan: Lhèida ; es, Lérida ) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia. It lies in north-eastern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, and is bordered by the Provinces of ...
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El Pla de la Font, now
Gimenells i el Pla de la Font,
Province of Lleida
The Province of Lleida (; Aranese Occitan: Lhèida ; es, Lérida ) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia. It lies in north-eastern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, and is bordered by the Provinces of ...
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Sucs
Sucs ( previous spelling Suchs, still prevalent in Spanish, but controversial and not official) is a locality in the municipality of Lleida (Catalonia, Spain). Like the neighbouring Raimat, the official status of Sucs is that of a '' decentrali ...
,
Province of Lleida
The Province of Lleida (; Aranese Occitan: Lhèida ; es, Lérida ) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia. It lies in north-eastern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, and is bordered by the Provinces of ...
, was an abandoned town, renovated and repopulated under the Franco plan
*
Extremadura
Extremadura (; ext, Estremaúra; pt, Estremadura; Fala: ''Extremaúra'') is an autonomous community of Spain. Its capital city is Mérida, and its largest city is Badajoz. Located in the central-western part of the Iberian Peninsula, it ...
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Docenario, in
La Serena, Province of Badajoz
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Gévora (formerly ''Gévora del Caudillo''), in the
Province of Badajoz
The province of Badajoz () is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It was formed in 1833. It is bordered by the provinces of Cáceres in the north, Toledo, Ciudad Real in the east, Córdoba in the so ...
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Guadiana del Caudillo
Guadiana (until 2020 Guadiana del Caudillo), is a Spanish town and municipality of the Province of Badajoz, in the autonomous community of Extremadura. The municipality covers an area of and as of 2015 had a population of 2,527 people.
History
T ...
in the Province of Badajoz
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Novelda del Guadiana, in
Badajoz
Badajoz (; formerly written ''Badajos'' in English) is the capital of the Province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. It is situated close to the Portuguese border, on the left bank of the river Guadiana. The population ...
, Province of Badajoz
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Pueblonuevo del Guadiana, in the Province of Badajoz
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Villafranco del Guadiana, in Badajoz, Province of Badajoz
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Alagón del Río
Alagón del Río is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain. According to the 2013 census (INE
INE, Ine or ine may refer to:
Institutions
* Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center
* In ...
(formerly ''Alagón del Caudillo''), in
Galisteo,
Province of Cáceres
The province of Cáceres ( ; es, provincia de Cáceres, ) is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura. Its capital is the city of Cáceres. Other cities in the province include Pla ...
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El Batán, in the Province of Cáceres
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Puebla de Argeme, in the Province of Cáceres
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Rincón del Obispo, in the Province of Cáceres
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San Gil
San Gil is a town municipality in the Department of Santander in northeastern Colombia, located roughly 300 km (192 mi) from Bogotá and 95 km from the department's capital, Bucaramanga. As of 2020, San Gil had a population of rou ...
, in the Province of Cáceres
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Tiétar (formerly ''Tiétar del Caudillo''), Province of Cáceres
**
Vegaviana, in the Province of Cáceres
*
Valencian Community
The Valencian Community ( ca-valencia, Comunitat Valenciana, es, Comunidad Valenciana) is an autonomous community of Spain. It is the fourth most populous Spanish autonomous community after Andalusia, Catalonia and the Community of Madrid with ...
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San Isidro
**
Benaixeve
**
El Realengo,
Crevillent
Crevillent ( es, Crevillente) is a town and municipality located in the Alicante province, part of the Valencian Community, Spain. It is situated in the ''comarca'' of Baix Vinalopó, and lies at the foot of the hill range known locally as Serra ...
(
Province of Alicante
Alicante ( ca-valencia, Alacant) is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the Valencian Community. It is the second most populated Valencian province. Likewise, the second and third biggest cities in the Valencian Community (Alica ...
)
**
San Antonio de Benagéber
San Antonio de Benagéber, ca-valencia, Sant Antoni de Benaixeve, is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of Camp de Túria in the Valencian Community, Spain.
Geography
The municipality of San Antonio de Benagéber it is located at 14 km. o ...
(Sant Antoni de Benaixeve)
**
Sant Isidre de Benaixeve
**
Tous
**
Cortitxelles
*
Navarre
Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...
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Figarol
**
Rada
The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA; ) is a drama school in London, England, that provides vocational conservatoire training for theatre, film, television, and radio. It is based in the Bloomsbury area of Central London, close to the Senat ...
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Gabarderal
**
El Boyeral (abandoned)
**
San Isidro del Pinar
See also
*
ICONA
''Icona'' is a genus of South Pacific comb-footed spiders (family Theridiidae) that was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1955. it contains only two species, both native to the Auckland Islands: '' I. alba'' and '' I. drama''.
See a ...
*
Francoist Spain
Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spai ...
*
Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs. It can be based on an understanding of ecosystem ser ...
References
Proyecto "Regadíos" en ADICOMTEl Instituto Nacional de Colonización y su actuación en Cinco VillasInstituto Nacional de Colonización in the Provincia de Jaén
External links
* [http://www.boe.es/aeboe/consultas/bases_datos/search.php?coleccion=gazeta&start=640&page_hits=40&busqueda=(tit=(colonizacion))&sort_spec=%20fpu%20desc%20ref%20asc&limit_spec= Resolució de l'Institut Nacional de Colonització pel qual s'adjudiquen les obres de "Construcció del nou poble en la finca "Masia de Cortitxelles" (Torís, València)".]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Instituto Nacional de Colonizacion
Rural community development
Francoist Spain
Government of Spain