Indura (
Belarusian: Індура;
Russian
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including:
*Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
; Индура; yi, אמדור, Amdur) is a village in the
Grodno District
Grodno District or Hrodna District ( be, Гродзенскі раён; russian: Гродненский район) is a district (raion) of Grodno Region of Belarus.
The administrative center is Grodno, which, however, does not form part of the d ...
of the
Grodno Region
Grodno Region ( pl, Grodzieńszczyzna) or Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts ( be, Гродзенская вобласць, ''Hrodzienskaja vobłasć'', , ''Haradzienščyna''; russian: Гродненская область, ''Grodnenskaya oblast' ...
of Belarus.
The town's name in Yiddish is Amdur, which lends its name to the
Amdur Hasidic dynasty founded by
Chaim Chaykl of Amdur
Chaim Chaykl (Chaika) Levin of Amdur (Hebrew: חיים חייקל (חייקא) לוין מאמדור; - March 13, 1787), also known as the Amdurer Rebbe, was an 18th-century Hasidic rebbe and author who is amongst the earliest founders of Lithuan ...
.
History
The first mention of Indura appears in the 16th century, when the settlement was under the rule of Jan Dovojnovich, who, in 1522, built a wooden church of the Holy Trinity in Indura. Between the 16th and 17th century, Indura was under the rule of
Radziwill family,
Pac family
The House of Pac or Pacowie ( pl, Pacowie, lt, Pacai, be, Па́цы) was one of the most influential noble families in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Numerous high-ranking officials of ...
, and
Kiszka family
Kiszka (plural Kiszkowie) was a noble family ( szlachta) and one of the most powerful families (magnates) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Originating from Mazovia, the family used the Dąbrowa Coat of Arm ...
, later being owned by the
Oginski family and
Massalski family in the 18th century. Following the
third partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polis ...
in 1795, Indura became a part of the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
in the Grodno district and was under the rule of the Brzhostovsky family.
In 1815, a stone church was built in the town and in 1881 the Orthodox church of St
Alexander Nevsky was built, which still stands to this day. In 1885, a synagogue was built which also stands to this day. According to the
Riga Peace Treaty
The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga ( pl, Traktat Ryski), was signed in Riga on 18 March 1921, among Poland, Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine. The treaty ended the Polish–Soviet War.
...
of 1921, Indura fell into the interwar
Polish Republic. On 17 September 1939, after the
Soviet invasion of Poland
The Soviet invasion of Poland was a military operation by the Soviet Union without a formal declaration of war. On 17 September 1939, the Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east, 16 days after Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west. Subs ...
, Indura became part of the
USSR
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
, since 1940 it has been the center of the village council. During the Second World War from June 1941 to 21 July 1944 it was under German occupation. The Jews of the village (about 2000 people) were herded into the ghetto, and in 1942 they were sent to death camps.
Attractions
* Church of the Holy Trinity, 1815.
* Orthodox Church of Saint Alexander Nevsky, 1881.
* Amdur Synagogue, 1885.
* Noble estate, 19th century, the manor house and farm buildings have been preserved.
* Jewish cemetery.
References
{{Authority control
Populated places in Grodno Region