''Independência ou Morte'' (in

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

: ''Independence or Death'') is a Brazilian

Historical drama A historical drama (also period drama, costume drama, and period piece) is a work set in a past time period, usually used in the context of film and television. Historical drama includes historical fiction and romance film, romances, adventure f ...

film directed by

Carlos Coimbra Carlos Coimbra (1925 – 14 February 2007) was a Brazilian film editor, director and screenwriter. His film ''A Morte Comanda o Cangaço'' was entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival. Selected filmography * ''A Morte Comanda ...

and released on

September 2 Events Pre-1600 *44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them ...

1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...

. is based on the life of

Emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...

Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Maria Leopoldina of Austria, as well as other facts about the

Independence of Brazil The Independence of Brazil comprised a series of political and military events that led to the independence of the Kingdom of Brazil from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves as the Brazilian Empire. Most of the events occurre ...

, is starring

Tarcísio Meira Tarcísio Pereira de Magalhães Sobrinho (5 October 1935 – 12 August 2021), known professionally as Tarcísio Meira, was a Brazilian actor. He was one of the first actors to work in the most popular Brazilian channel Globo. He was born in S� ...

Glória Menezes Nilcedes Soares de Magalhães ( née Guimarães; born 19 October 1934), known professionally as Glória Menezes, is a Brazilian actress. Life and career Glória Menezes was born in Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Her real name, Ni ...

, Kate Hansen and

Dionísio Azevedo Dionísio Azevedo, stage name of Taufic Jacob (4 April 1922 – 11 December 1994) was a Brazilian television, theatre, and film actor, director, and writer. Career He started his career as an actor in Rádio Record in 1942. He moved to televi ...

. At the time of its premiere, around 2,924,494 people saw it, being the most watched film in that year and one in the history of

Brazilian cinema Brazilian cinema was introduced early in the 20th century but took some time to consolidate itself as a popular form of entertainment. The film industry of Brazil has gone through periods of ups and downs, a reflection of its dependency on state ...

Plot

An interviewer begins to interview José Bonifácio who was by the Emperor's side all the time, he begins to tell everything, Pedro was always friendly with other children even though his mother and father prevented him because he was from the royalty, belonging to the

Portuguese Royal Family The Most Serene House of Braganza ( pt, Sereníssima Casa de Bragança), also known as the Brigantine Dynasty (''Dinastia Brigantina''), is a dynasty of emperors, kings, princes, and dukes of Portuguese origin which reigned in Europe and the Ame ...

and for being the Inheritor Viceroy of the

Viceroyalty of Brazil The Viceroyalty of Brazil refers, in narrow scope, to office of viceroy of the Portuguese colonial State of Brazil and, in broad scope, to the whole State of Brazil during the historic period when its governors had the title of "viceroy". The t ...

, Over time the child Pedro would grow up to his perfect age, his father

King King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...

John VI of Portugal , house = Braganza , father = Peter III of Portugal , mother = Maria I of Portugal , birth_date = , birth_place = Queluz Palace, Queluz, Portugal , death_date = , death_place = Bemposta Palace, Lisbon, Portugal , ...

due to his age he would inherit the throne of the

Kingdom of Brazil The Kingdom of Brazil ( pt, Reino do Brasil) was a constituent kingdom of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves. Creation The legal entity of the Kingdom of Brazil was created by a law issued by Prince Regent John of Portu ...

to Pedro and would be crowned as King of Brazil, at the same time he would meet Maria Leopoldina of Austria with whom he would marry and become the Queen Consort of Brazil, while in the Masonic Palace in

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...

, the

Freemasons Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...

began to organize plans for an independence Revolt against the Portuguese Dominion, due to the neglect of the Colony and the other Independences carried out by the Spanish colonies. Over time, Pedro would know about the Freemasons and would join them voluntarily although he would do so completely in private, without anyone else knowing, and he would continue to be King of Brazil. As time passed until

1822 Events January–March * January 1 – The Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus. *January 3 - The famous French explorer, Aimé Bonpland, is made prisoner in Paraguay accused of being a spy. ...

, the uprisings would begin, commanded by Pedro against the Portuguese, in the end the news would reach him about what the Portuguese jury would do, knowing it, the Portuguese orders him, in fury, he would give a speech to his troops and then the

Cry of Ipiranga Crying is the dropping of tears (or welling of tears in the eyes) in response to an emotional state, or pain. Emotions that can lead to crying include sadness, anger, and even happiness. The act of crying has been defined as "a complex secreto ...

, after this the

Empire An empire is a "political unit" made up of several territories and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant center and subordinate peripheries". The center of the empire (sometimes referred to as the metropole) ex ...

would be proclaimed and Pedro I would be crowned as Emperor of Brazil while the Kingdom would be dissolved and at the same time it would be the end of Brazil as a Portuguese Colony, Due to the war he was leading, he would begin to neglect his relationship with his wife, which over time would begin to suffer from an illness. The last year of fighting against the Portuguese army, the news about the birth of his son would reach him and he would leave the battlefield to go see the birth of his son, during the birth of the baby the Empress Leopoldina would be affected even that the baby would be born in good condition, after this Pedro would return to the battlefield to continue leading the troops even though at that moment the weak empress would die, and the news would reach the battlefield where Emperor Pedro would be devastated by the news, After finally having defeated the Portuguese, he would return to Rio, even though not with the motivation of before, and he and the Marchioness of Santos would take care of little Pedro de Alcántara. The depression would begin to affect the emperor, which would lead him to neglect his son and the affairs of the Empire, which would lead him to the decision to go into exile in Portugal. Bonifácio's interviewer gave his opinion about the figure of Pedro, due to having gone from being a

Liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and m ...

to being an Absolutist, having reigned twice, being an adorable father and unfaithful husband, Bonifacio would tell him that despite having been all that, Emperor Pedro consolidated the vast empire and guaranteed Brazilian independence, as well as having left Brazil free as a

Portuguese colony The Portuguese Empire ( pt, Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas (''Ultramar Português'') or the Portuguese Colonial Empire (''Império Colonial Português''), was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and the l ...

, then finally, Pedro and others related to him would go by boat into exile to Portugal, saying goodbye to Bonifacio and 5-years-old Pedro de Alcántara.

Cast

Pedro I of Brazil Don (honorific), Dom Pedro I (English: Peter I; 12 October 1798 – 24 September 1834), nicknamed "the Liberator", was the founder and List of monarchs of Brazil, first ruler of the Empire of Brazil. As King Dom Pedro IV, he List of ...

Tarcísio Filho Tarcísio Pereira de Magalhães Filho, usually known as Tarcísio Filho (São Paulo, August 22, 1964)GeneAll, ''Tarcísio Pereira de Magalhães Filho'

m_linha">[em_linha/nowiki>/ref>_is_a_Brazilian_Film.html" "title="m_linha/no ...

as Pedro I (teenager) * :pt:Kate Hansen">Kate Hansen Kate Elizabeth Hansen (born June 9, 1992) is an American luger who has competed since 2003. In 2008, she became the youngest Junior World Champion, at age fifteen. Career Hansen has been competing since 2003. She would practice luge in Califor ...

as Maria Leopoldina of Austria *

José Bonifácio de Andrada José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

Domitila de Castro, Marchioness of Santos Domitila (or Domitília) de Castro do Canto e Melo (27 December 1797 — 3 November 1867), 1st Viscountess with designation as a Grandee, then 1st Marchioness of Santos, was a Brazilian noblewoman and the long-term mistress and favorite of Empero ...

* as

* Heloísa Helena as

Carlota Joaquina of Spain Doña Don (; ; pt, Dom, links=no ; all from Latin ', roughly 'Lord'), abbreviated as D., is an honorific prefix primarily used in Spain and Hispanic America, and with different connotations also in Italy, Portugal and its former colonies, an ...

* as

Francisco Gomes da Silva Francisco Gomes da Silva, nicknamed Chalaça (Portuguese: ''the Joker or the Buffoon;'' 22 September 1791 — 30 December 1852) was a Portuguese politician, private secretary and confidant of the first Brazilian emperor, D. Pedro I. Life ...

Anselmo Duarte Anselmo Duarte Bento (; 21 April 1920 – 7 November 2009) was a Brazilian actor, screenwriter and film director. Early life Duarte was born in Salto, São Paulo on 21 April 1920. He was raised by his mother, alongside his six siblings. ...

Joaquim Gonçalves Ledo Joaquim Gonçalves Ledo (11 December 1781 – 9 May 1847) was a Brazilian journalist and politician. He was active in the freemasonry movement in Brazil. He was one of the leaders of the more liberal and democrat faction during the confused period ...

* Jairo Arco e Flexa as Lieutenant Canto e Mello * as

José Clemente Pereira José Clemente Pereira, known as José Pequeno (José, the short) (17 February 1787 - 10 March 1854), was a Portuguese-born Brazilian magistrate and politician who fought in the Peninsular War and of high relevance to the Empire of Brazil, in ad ...

Maria Cláudia Maria Cláudia de Souza Santos (born October 9, 1949 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a Brazilian actress, television presenter, journalist, producer, dancer and model. She's the niece of actor Luís Delfino. She was elected one of the most beauti ...

Amélie of Leuchtenberg Amélie of Leuchtenberg ( pt, Amélia Augusta Eugénia Napoleona de Leuchtenberg; french: Amélie Auguste Eugénie Napoléonne de Leuchtenberg; 31 July 1812 – 26 January 1873) was Empress of Brazil as the wife of Pedro I of Brazil. She was the g ...

* Francisco Di Franco as Plácido *

José Lewgoy José Lewgoy (16 November 1920 – 10 February 2003) was a Brazilian actor. He is recognizable to many art-house cinema fans for his role as Don Aquilino in Werner Herzog's 1982 film ''Fitzcarraldo''. Biography He was born in Veranópolis, R ...

as João Pinto * as * as

Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada (9 April 1775 – 23 February 1844) was a Brazilian politician who played a leading role in the declaration of Brazil's independence and in the government during the years that followed. He was twice Minister o ...

* Marcelo Maduar as Younger- Pedro II

References

External links

*{{IMDb title, 0184610, Independência ou Morte 1972 films 1970s Portuguese-language films Brazilian biographical drama films Films directed by Carlos Coimbra Films set in the 1800s Films set in the 1810s Films set in the 1820s Adultery in films