''Incarvillea'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of about 16 species''Incarvillea''.
Flora of China. of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family

Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales commonly known as the bignonias or trumpetvines.Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant Families of the World''. Firefly Books: ...

, native to central and eastern

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

, with most of the species growing at high altitudes in the

Himalaya The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...

and

Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa people, ...

. The most familiar species is ''

Incarvillea delavayi ''Incarvillea delavayi'', the socalled hardy gloxinia or flowering fern, is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae, native to western Sichuan and northwest Yunnan provinces of China. The true '' Gloxinia'' are members of the Gesn ...

'', a garden plant commonly known as hardy gloxiniaeven though ''Incarvillea'' is not closely related to '' Gloxinia'' and ''

Sinningia ''Sinningia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. It is named after Wilhelm Sinning (1792–1874), a gardener of the Botanische Gärten der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. There are about 65 species of tuberous her ...

'' ("florist ''Gloxinia''"), which are Gesneriads. or Chinese trumpet flower. Unlike most other members of Bignoniaceae, which are mainly tropical woody plants, species of ''Incarvillea'' are herbaceous perennial plants from temperate regions.

Genetic analysis Genetic analysis is the overall process of studying and researching in fields of science that involve genetics and molecular biology. There are a number of applications that are developed from this research, and these are also considered parts of ...

supports the division of the genus into five

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

s: the subgenus ''Niedzwedzkia'', the subgenus ''Amphicome'', the subgenus ''Incarvillea'', the subgenus ''Pteroscleris'', and the species ''I. olgae'', which does not fit into a subgenus. It may be given a subgenus of its own in a future study. ''Incarvillea'' is named after the French

Jesuit missionary , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders = ...

and

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

Pierre Nicholas Le Chéron d'Incarville.''Incarvillea sinensis'' 'Cheron Pink'.
Missouri Botanical Garden. Species include: *'' Incarvillea altissima'' *'' Incarvillea arguta'' *'' Incarvillea beresowskii'' *'' Incarvillea compacta'' *''

'' *'' Incarvillea dissectifoliola'' *'' Incarvillea emodi'' (

Royle Royle is a surname. The surname may derive from Ryal, Northumberland, Ryal in Northumberland, England. People: * Amanda Royle (born 1962), English actress, second daughter of Derek Royle * Adrian Royle (born 1959), retired English long distance r ...

Lindl. John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist. Early years Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley ...

) Chatterjee *'' Incarvillea forrestii'' *'' Incarvillea lutea'' *'' Incarvillea mairei'' *'' Incarvillea olgae'' *'' Incarvillea potaninii'' *'' Incarvillea semiretschenskia'' *'' Incarvillea sinensis'' (syn. ''I. variabilis'') *'' Incarvillea younghusbandii'' *'' Incarvillea zhongdianensis''

Chemistry

''Incarvillea sinensis'' contains the alkaloid incarvillateine.

Gallery

File:Incarvillea delavayi 1.jpg, ''

'' File:Incarvillea.jpg, '' Incarvillea sinensis

Notes

References

Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae genera Flora of Tibet {{Bignoniaceae-stub