''For the teacher of
Ash-Shadhili
Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili ( ar, أبو الحسن الشاذلي) (full name: Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Ḥasanī wal-Ḥusaynī al-Shādhilī) also known as Sheikh al-Shadhili (593–656 AH) (1196–1258 AD ...
see
Abu Abdallah ibn Harzihim
''For the teacher of Abu Madyan see Ali ibn Harzihim''
Abu Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Harazim (; d. 1235/6) from Fez was a Moroccan Sufi leader, pupil of Abu Madyan. Ibn Harazim was the sheikh of Abu-l-Hassan ash-Shadhili
Abu al-Hasan al-Shad ...
''
Sidi Ali ibn Harzihim () or Abul Hasan Ali ibn Ismail ibn Mohammed ibn Abdallah ibn Harzihim/Hirzihim (also: Sidi Hrazem or Sidi Harazim) was born in
Fes
Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...
,
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...
and died in that same city in 559/1163. He was a berber
Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...
teacher, leader of a Ghazalian
zawiya in
Fes
Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...
and was the spiritual master of
Abu Madyan
Abu Madyan Shuʿayb ibn al-Husayn al-Ansari al-Andalusi ( ar, ابو مدين شعيب بن الحسين الأنصاري الأندلسي; c. 1126 – 1198 CE), commonly known as Abū Madyan, was an influential Andalusian mystic and a great Su ...
. Ibn Hirzihim was largely responsible for the propagation of the works of
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali ( – 19 December 1111; ), full name (), and known in Persian-speaking countries as Imam Muhammad-i Ghazali (Persian: امام محمد غزالی) or in Medieval Europe by the Latinized as Algazelus or Algazel, was a Persian polymat ...
in northwest Africa. He taught at the
Qarawiyin University of
Fes
Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...
and openly criticized the policies of the
Almoravid dynasty
The Almoravid dynasty ( ar, المرابطون, translit=Al-Murābiṭūn, lit=those from the ribats) was an imperial Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire in the 11th century that s ...
. Ibn Harzihim was also responsible for the burial of
Sidi Abu Hakam ibn Barrajan, which, according to some sources, was forbidden by the
Almoravid
The Almoravid dynasty ( ar, المرابطون, translit=Al-Murābiṭūn, lit=those from the ribats) was an imperial Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire in the 11th century that ...
sultan. Sidi Ibn Harzihim received his
khirqa
The khirqa is the initiatory cloak of the Sufi chain of spirituality, with which esoteric knowledge and barakah is passed from the Murshid or the Shaikh to the aspirant murid. The khirqa initiates an aspirant into the silsilah, the chain or lineage ...
(the
Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...
robe) from
Ibn al-Arabi before
Ibn al-Arabi's death in 1148.
[Mercedes García-Arenal, ''Messianism And Puritanical Reform: Mahdis of the Muslim West, translated by Martin Beagles'', Brill, 2006 , 9789004150515, p. 113] He received his teachings from his uncle Abu Muhammad ibn Saalih ibn Harzihim (d. 505/1112), who took it from
Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali ( – 19 December 1111; ), full name (), and known in Persian-speaking countries as Imam Muhammad-i Ghazali (Persian: امام محمد غزالی) or in Medieval Europe by the Latinized as Algazelus or Algazel, was a Persian polymat ...
. He was buried at the
Bab Ftouh
Bab Ftouh (also spelled Bab Fetouh) is the main southeastern gate of Fes el-Bali, the old walled city of Fes, Morocco.
History
The name ''Bab (al-)Ftouh'' means literally "Gate of the Opening", but historically this name (also used for Bab ...
(south-eastern gate) cemetery of
Fes
Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...
, in a
mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be consid ...
which also contains the tomb of the
Alaouite dynasty
The Alawi dynasty ( ar, سلالة العلويين الفيلاليين, translit=sulālat al-ʿalawiyyīn al-fīlāliyyīn) – also rendered in English as Alaouite, Alawid, or Alawite – is the current Morocco, Moroccan royal family and re ...
's founder,
Moulay Rashid.
The water source "Sidi Harazim" was called after him.
Notes
Bibliography
*
Abu Yaqub Yusuf ibn al-Zayyat al-Tadili (d. 1230/1), ''Kitab al-tashawuf ila rijal al-tasawwuf'' (Rabat, 1997)
*''The way of Abu Madyan'', Appendix I: text and translation of "al-Qasida al-Nuniyya", a work attributed to ‘Ali ibn Hirzihim, 1996,
External links
*Dar sirr.co
Moroccan Sufi writers
1163 deaths
People from Fez, Morocco
Moroccan Maliki scholars
Shadhili order
12th-century Moroccan writers
Year of birth unknown
12th-century Berber people
Berber writers
{{Sufism-stub