I Corps Artillery was a

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...

division Division or divider may refer to: Mathematics *Division (mathematics), the inverse of multiplication *Division algorithm, a method for computing the result of mathematical division Military *Division (military), a formation typically consisting ...

-level command active during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, the

Korean War , date = {{Ubl, 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 (''de facto'')({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=25, year1=1950, month2=7, day2=27, year2=1953), 25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')({{Age in years, months, weeks a ...

and the Cold War. Today the 65th Field Artillery Brigade continues the lineage of I Corps Artillery.

History

World War I

Constituted on 31 July 1918 in the National Army as Headquarters, 16th Field Artillery Brigade, an element of the 16th Division. Organized on 12 September 1918 at

Camp Kearny Camp Kearny was a U.S. military base (first Army, later Navy) in San Diego County, California, on the site of the current Marine Corps Air Station Miramar. It operated from 1917 to 1946. The base was named in honor of Brigadier General Stephen W ...

in California and demobilized on 15 February 1919 in the same location, without having seen combat.

World War II

Reconstituted on 14 January 1929 in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 16th Field Artillery Brigade. Activated for service in

on 15 July 1942 at

Camp Gruber Camp Gruber is an Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG) training facility. It covers a total of . The base is named after Brigadier General Edmund L. Gruber, a noted artillery officer and the original composer of the U.S. Field Artillery Marc ...

in Oklahoma. Reorganized and redesignated on 17 August 1943 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, XV Corps Artillery. The unit landed with the rest of the

XV Corps 15th Corps, Fifteenth Corps, or XV Corps may refer to: *XV Corps (British India) * XV Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army prior to and during World War I * 15th Army Corps (Russian Empire), a unit in World War I *XV Royal Bav ...

Headquarters in

Normandy Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...

and participated in the breakout from the Normandy beachheads in

Operation Cobra Operation Cobra was the codename for an offensive launched by the United States First Army under Lieutenant General Omar Bradley seven weeks after the D-Day landings, during the Normandy campaign of World War II. The intention was to take adv ...

. XV Corps Artillery received the following campaign participation credits for World War II: *

* Northern France *

Rhineland The Rhineland (german: Rheinland; french: Rhénanie; nl, Rijnland; ksh, Rhingland; Latinised name: ''Rhenania'') is a loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section. Term Historically, the Rhinelands ...

Ardennes-Alsace The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II. The battle lasted from 16 December 1944 to 28 January 1945, towards the end of the war in ...

* allied invasion of Germany, Central Europe XV Corps Artillery was inactivated on 31 March 1946 in Germany.

Korean War

The unit was redesignated on 12 July 1950 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, I Corps Artillery and activated one month later on 12 August 1950 at Fort Bragg in North Carolina.

I Corps I Corps, 1st Corps, or First Corps may refer to: France * 1st Army Corps (France) * I Cavalry Corps (Grande Armée), a cavalry unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * I Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French A ...

was sent to

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eas ...

to take charge of the defense of the

Pusan perimeter The Battle of the Pusan Perimeter ( ko, 부산 교두보 전투) was a large-scale battle between United Nations Command (UN) and North Korean forces lasting from August 4 to September 18, 1950. It was one of the first major engagements of the ...

. First elements of I Corps Headquarters arrived in Pusan on 27 August and the corps headquarters became operational on 12 September, under command of Lieutenant General Frank W. Milburn. I Corps Artillery participated in the entire

and received the following campaign participation credits: * First UN Counteroffensive * CCF Spring Offensive * UN Summer–Fall Offensive * Second Korean Winter * Korea, Summer–Fall 1952 * Third Korean Winter * Korea, Summer 1953 After the war I Corps Artillery remained in South Korea to guard the

Korean Demilitarized Zone The Korean Demilitarized Zone ( Korean: ; Hanbando Bimujang Jidae) is a strip of land running across the Korean Peninsula near the 38th parallel north. The demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a border barrier that divides the peninsula roughly in ...

as part of

Eighth United States Army The Eighth Army is a U.S. field army which is the commanding formation of all United States Army forces in South Korea. It commands U.S. and South Korean units and is headquartered at the Camp Humphreys,

Cold War

The unit was redesignated on 1 June 1984 as Headquarters, I Corps Artillery, allotted to the

Utah Army National Guard The Utah National Guard comprises both Army and Air National Guard components. The Constitution of the United States specifically charges the National Guard with dual federal and state missions. The National Guard is the only United States milita ...

, and organized at

Salt Lake City Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake and abbreviated as SLC) is the capital and most populous city of Utah, United States. It is the seat of Salt Lake County, the most populous county in Utah. With a population of 200,133 in 2020, th ...

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it ...

. The Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, XI Corps Artillery, which had served with

XI Corps 11 Corps, 11th Corps, Eleventh Corps, or XI Corps may refer to: * 11th Army Corps (France) * XI Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * XI Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army * ...

in the Pacific Theater during World War II, was reorganized and redesignated as Headquarters Battery, I Corps Artillery on the same date and assigned to I Corps Artillery. At the end of the Cold War I Corps Artillery, assigned to

at Fort Lewis in

Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...

, was the largest artillery formation in the US Army commanding 24 field artillery battalions in

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

Wyoming Wyoming () is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to the s ...

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the wes ...

Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...

South Dakota South Dakota (; Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state in the North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes, who comprise a large porti ...

, and Oklahoma. Units assigned to I Corps Artillery included the following active,

Army Reserve A military reserve force is a military organization whose members have military and civilian occupations. They are not normally kept under arms, and their main role is to be available when their military requires additional manpower. Reserve ...

, and Army National Guard formations: * I Corps Artillery, Salt Lake City, (

) ** Headquarters Battery, I Corps Artillery, Salt Lake City, (Utah Army National Guard) ** 45th Field Artillery Brigade, Enid (

Oklahoma Army National Guard The Oklahoma Army National Guard is the Army National Guard component of the Oklahoma National Guard. The Commander in Chief of the Oklahoma National Guard is the Governor of Oklahoma, who appoints the State Adjutant General (TAG), a Major Gener ...

) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 158th Field Artillery, (Oklahoma Army National Guard M110A2 unit) *** 1st Battalion, 160th Field Artillery, (Oklahoma Army National Guard M101 unit supporting the 45th Infantry Brigade) *** 1st Battalion, 171st Field Artillery, (Oklahoma Army National Guard M110A2 unit) *** 1st Battalion, 189th Field Artillery, (Oklahoma Army National Guard M110A2 unit) ** 57th Field Artillery Brigade,

Whitefish Bay Whitefish Bay is a large bay on the eastern end of Lake Superior between Michigan, United States, and Ontario, Canada. It is located between Whitefish Point in Michigan and Whiskey Point along the more rugged, largely wilderness Canadian Shield o ...

(

Wisconsin Army National Guard The Wisconsin Army National Guard ("Guard") has dual state and federal roles, and is jointly funded and maintained by both governments. Its federal mission is to provide trained units to the United States Army in time of war or national emergenc ...

) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 120th Field Artillery, (Wisconsin Army National Guard M109A3 unit supporting the 32nd Infantry Brigade (Mechanized)) *** 1st Battalion, 121st Field Artillery, (Wisconsin Army National Guard M109A3 unit) *** 1st Battalion, 125th Field Artillery, (

Minnesota Army National Guard The Minnesota Army National Guard, along with the Minnesota Air National Guard, is an element of the Minnesota National Guard. The Constitution of the United States specifically charges the National Guard with dual federal and state missions. I ...

M198 The M198 is a medium-sized, towed 155 mm artillery piece, developed for service with the United States Army and Marine Corps. It was commissioned to be a replacement for the World War II-era M114 155 mm howitzer. It was designed and prototyped a ...

unit) *** 1st Battalion, 126th Field Artillery, (Wisconsin Army National Guard M109A3 unit) ** 115th Field Artillery Brigade,

Cheyenne The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. Their Cheyenne language belongs to the Algonquian language family. Today, the Cheyenne people are split into two federally recognized nations: the Southern Cheyenne, who are enr ...

( Wyoming Army National Guard) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 49th Field Artillery, (Wyoming Army National Guard

unit) *** 3rd Battalion, 49th Field Artillery, (Wyoming Army National Guard M110A2 unit supporting the 163rd Armored Brigade) ** 135th Field Artillery Brigade, Seadlia (

Missouri Army National Guard The Missouri National Guard (MONG), commonly known as the Missouri Guard, is a component of the Army National Guard and Missouri State Department of the National Guard. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. The Department office i ...

) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 3rd Battalion, 75th Field Artillery, Springfield, Missouri (

M109A3 unit){{cite web , last1=McKenney , first1=Janice E. , title=Field Artillery - Army Lineage Series - Part 2 , url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt1/CMH_Pub_60-11_pt1.pdf , publisher=US Army Center of Military History , accessdate=21 June 2020 *** 1st Battalion, 128th Field Artillery, (Missouri Army National Guard

unit) *** 1st Battalion, 129th Field Artillery, (Missouri Army National Guard

unit) ** 147th Field Artillery Brigade,

Pierre Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

( South Dakota Army National Guard) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 147th Field Artillery, (South Dakota Army National Guard M109A3 unit) *** 2nd Battalion, 147th Field Artillery, (South Dakota Army National Guard M110A2 unit) ** 153rd Field Artillery Brigade,

Phoenix Phoenix most often refers to: * Phoenix (mythology), a legendary bird from ancient Greek folklore * Phoenix, Arizona, a city in the United States Phoenix may also refer to: Mythology Greek mythological figures * Phoenix (son of Amyntor), a ...

( Arizona Army National Guard) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 180th Field Artillery, (Arizona Army National Guard M109A3 unit) *** 2nd Battalion, 180th Field Artillery, (Arizona Army National Guard M109A3 unit) **

169th Field Artillery Brigade The 169th Field Artillery Brigade (formerly the 169th Fires Brigade) is an artillery brigade in the US Army National Guard. It is part of the Colorado Army National Guard. History The brigade headquarters was organized on 19 June 1909 as Comp ...

Aurora An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), also commonly known as the polar lights, is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). Auroras display dynamic patterns of bri ...

(

Colorado Army National Guard The Colorado Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army, United States National Guard, and Colorado National Guard. Nationwide, the Army National Guard comprises approximately one half of the US Army's available combat force ...

) *** Headquarters and Headquarters Battery *** 1st Battalion, 157th Field Artillery, (Colorado Army National Guard M110A2 unit) *** 2nd Battalion, 157th Field Artillery, (Colorado Army National Guard M110A2 unit) ** 5th Battalion, 15th Field Artillery,

Fort Ord Fort Ord is a former United States Army post on Monterey Bay of the Pacific Ocean coast in California, which closed in 1994 due to Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) action. Most of the fort's land now makes up the Fort Ord National Monument, ...

, California (active

unit attached to the

7th Infantry Division (Light) The 7th Infantry Division is an active duty infantry division of the United States Army based at Joint Base Lewis-McChord charged with sustaining the combat readiness of two Stryker brigade combat teams, a combat aviation brigade, a division ...

** 6th Battalion, 83rd Field Artillery, Ogden, Utah (

unit) ** 1st Battalion, 140th Field Artillery, (Utah Army National Guard

unit) ** 1st Battalion, 145th Field Artillery, (Utah Army National Guard M110A2 unit) ** 2nd Battalion, 222nd Field Artillery, (Utah Army National Guard M109A3 unit)

Recent times

The units location was changed on 1 February 2001 to Riverton in Utah. On 14 September 2008 I Corps Artillery was redesignated as 65th Fires Brigade.

References

Field artillery units and formations of the United States Army Military units and formations established in 1950