Huzhou Economic Development Zone
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Huzhou (, ; Huzhounese: ''ghou² cieu¹'') is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province (Hangzhou–Jiaxing–Huzhou Plain, China). Lying south of the Lake Tai, it borders Jiaxing to the east, Hangzhou to the south, and the provinces of Anhui and Jiangsu to the west and north respectively. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,367,579 inhabitants, of whom 1,015,937 lived in the built-up (''or metro'') area made of Wuxing District as Nanxun District is not being conurbated yet.


Location

Huzhou, in its general aspect, is in the center of the Yangtze River Delta Economic Area, with the city center south of the Chinese third largest freshwater lake Lake Tai. There are transportation links to the provincial capital of Hangzhou away in the south, Jiangsu and Anhui province in the west, and the metropolitan municipality of Shanghai to the northeast. Flowing quietly through the city is the Changxing-Huzhou-Shanghai Channel, it is also referred to as the "Eastern Rhine River" for the continuous barge transportation that goes on similarly in the more internationally known Rhine River in Germany. The State Way 318 passes through Huzhou in an east-west direction and the State Way 104 in a north-south direction; the Nanjing-Huzhou-Hangzhou toll expressway and Shanghai-Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui toll expressway offers convenient access to major areas in the region. The Express Xuancheng–Hangzhou Railway Station is located west of the city center. This railway line is part of the "secondary tunnel" in eastern China.


History

*248 BC, Gucheng County () was set up by the
State of Chu Chu, or Ch'u in Wade–Giles romanization, (, Hanyu Pinyin: Chǔ, Old Chinese: ''*s-r̥aʔ'') was a Zhou dynasty vassal state. Their first ruler was King Wu of Chu in the early 8th century BCE. Chu was located in the south of the Zhou hea ...
. *222 BC, Qin dynasty, Wucheng County () was set up. *266, Kingdom of Wu, set Wuxing Shire (), its administrative area including the modern Huzhou prefecture city and Hangzhou, Yixing in modern-day Jiangsu. *602,
Sui dynasty The Sui dynasty (, ) was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China that lasted from 581 to 618. The Sui unified the Northern and Southern dynasties, thus ending the long period of division following the fall of the Western Jin dynasty, and layi ...
, changed the name of Wuxing to Huzhou (). *During the Tang dynasty, Huzhou administered 5 counties: Wucheng (), Wukang (),
Changxing () is a county of the prefecture-level city of Huzhou, in the northwest of Zhejiang province, China. Situated on the southwest shore of Lake Tai, it borders the provinces of Jiangsu to the north and Anhui to the west. It has a total area of an ...
,
Anji Anji may refer to: Places * Hu Prefecture, known as Anji Prefecture between 1225 and 1276 *Anji County, in Huzhou, Zhejiang, China *Anji Bridge, or Zhaozhou Bridge, an ancient stone bridge in Hebei, China *Anji, a village in Balasore (Orissa), Ind ...
, and Deqing. *At the beginning of the Song dynasty, Gui'an county () was divided from the Wucheng county. *During the Qing dynasty, Huzhou administered 7 counties: Wucheng, Guo'an, Wukang, Deqing,
Changxing () is a county of the prefecture-level city of Huzhou, in the northwest of Zhejiang province, China. Situated on the southwest shore of Lake Tai, it borders the provinces of Jiangsu to the north and Anhui to the west. It has a total area of an ...
,
Anji Anji may refer to: Places * Hu Prefecture, known as Anji Prefecture between 1225 and 1276 *Anji County, in Huzhou, Zhejiang, China *Anji Bridge, or Zhaozhou Bridge, an ancient stone bridge in Hebei, China *Anji, a village in Balasore (Orissa), Ind ...
, and Xiaofeng. *1949, with the
establishment of the People's Republic of China The founding of the People's Republic of China was formally proclaimed by Mao Zedong, the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), on October 1, 1949, at 3:00 pm in Tiananmen Square in Peking, now Beijing (formerly Beiping), the new ca ...
, Huzhou town became the seat of government of the First Special District of Zhejiang, administrative area including the modern Huzhou and Jiaxing prefecture cities. *1983, Huzhou prefecture level city was set up.


Climate


Administration

The prefecture-level city of Huzhou administers six county-level divisions, including one economic development zone and two
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
and three counties. These are further divided into 66 township-level divisions, including 50
towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...
, 10 townships and six
subdistrict A subdistrict or sub-district is an administrative division that is generally smaller than a district. Equivalents * Administrative posts of East Timor, formerly Portuguese-language * Kelurahan, in Indonesia * Mukim, a township in Brunei, In ...
s. *
Huzhou Economic Development Zone Huzhou (, ; Huzhounese: Romanization of Wu Chinese, ''ghou² cieu¹'') is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province (Hangzhou–Jiaxing–Huzhou Plain, China). Lying south of the Lake Tai, it borders Jiaxing to the east, Hangzhou to ...
()


Economy

*Huzhou is known as the City of Silk, is one of the Four Capital-cities of Silk in China. *Textiles (especially silk), building materials and agriculture.


Military

Huzhou is headquarters of the
1st Group Army First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ...
of the
People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the principal military force of the People's Republic of China and the armed wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The PLA consists of five service branches: the Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, ...
, one of the three group armies that comprise the
Nanjing Military Region The Nanjing Military Region () was one of the former seven military command regions for the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Its jurisdiction covers all military and armed police located in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Shanghai ...
responsible for the defense of China's eastern coast.


Public Spaces

*Lotuses Garden The Lotus Garden (pinyin "Lianhua Zhuang") is a pleasure garden located 20 minutes south on foot from the city center of Huzhou. The main attractions of the garden include the Lotus flowers that bloom seasonally in the three lake system, a large Koi pond near the north gate, a karaoke veranda and amusement rides for children. Also, barge-themed pedal boats are available for leisure boating. The garden was built in 1924 with stone footpaths and bridges bordering and crossing over the lake system. A variety of structures inhabit the 300 meter squared grounds including two halls, six pavilions, and two inlets, all following the harmonious design of traditional Chinese architecture. Sign posts describe local history and the halls maintain a Tea House where visitors may converse and take a break from the rays of the sun. A particular geological feature worth seeing are the ancient stones transferred from Lake Tai. Families pour into the garden on public vacation days while local people partake in Taiji exercise, or play card and
Mahjong Mahjong or mah-jongg (English pronunciation: ) is a tile-based game that was developed in the 19th century in China and has spread throughout the world since the early 20th century. It is commonly played by four players (with some three-play ...
games every day, year round. The garden is open during daytime hours and admission is free of charge. *Xiangwang Park Xiangwang Park (Southwest Gate Park) is a more recent addition to Huzhou's collection of historical parks. It was built in 2009 and located at Chen Bei Bridge. The park includes the rebuilt wooden gate outpost on top of the original defensive wall. A visitor ship is permanently moored one kilometer west of the historic gate. *Long Island Park Long Island Park (pinyin "Changdao Gongyuan") is a new park just north of the city center on an island stretching north-south in the middle of
Xitiao River The Xitiao River or West Tiao River () is located in Zhejiang Province, China. It flows through Huzhou before entering Lake Tai Taihu (), also known as Lake Tai or Lake Taihu, is a lake in the Yangtze Delta and one of the largest freshw ...
. It was built in 2009. The park is open every day. A popular destination for local residents after dinner, the lengthy route becomes something of a promenade for people taking their daily constitutional through the form of a jog or, more commonly, a walk. There is a small golf park, a historical pool, and a garden available to visitors.


Transportation

Huzhou is served by
Huzhou railway station Huzhou railway station () is a railway station in Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. It offers both conventional and high-speed service. The future Shanghai–Suzhou–Huzhou high-speed railway will serve this station. History On 28 Jun ...
, situated to the west of the city. Both conventional and high-speed trains stop at the station.


International relations


Twin towns — Sister cities

Huzhou is twinned with: * Radom, Poland *
Kalmar County Kalmar County () is a county or '' län'' in southern Sweden. It borders the counties of Kronoberg, Jönköping, Blekinge and Östergötland. To the east in the Baltic Sea is the island Gotland. The counties are mainly administrative units. Geo ...
, Sweden *
Cabo Frio Cabo Frio (, ''Cold Cape'') is a tourist destination located in the state of Rio de Janeiro state. It was founded by the Portuguese on November 13, 1615. The Brazilian coast runs east from Rio de Janeiro to Cabo Frio where it turns sharply north ...
, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil


Notable people

* Zhu Zhi (; 156–224) and Zhu Ran (; 182–248), military general for the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of China. * Shen Yue (; 441–513), prominent scholar of the Liang Dynasty and author of the
Book of Song The ''Book of Song'' (''Sòng Shū'') is a historical text of the Liu Song Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties of China. It covers history from 420 to 479, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories, a traditional collection of historical records. I ...
. *
Chen Baxian Emperor Wu of Chen (; 503– 9 August 559According to Chen Baxian's biography in ''Book of Chen'', he died aged 57 (by East Asian reckoning) on the ''bingwu'' day (written as "jingwu" to avoid the naming taboo of Li Bing, father of Tang Gaozu Li Y ...
(; 503–559), founder and
Emperor Wu of Chen Emperor Wu of Chen (; 503– 9 August 559According to Chen Baxian's biography in ''Book of Chen'', he died aged 57 (by East Asian reckoning) on the ''bingwu'' day (written as "jingwu" to avoid the naming taboo of Li Bing, father of Tang Gaozu Li Y ...
dynasty during Northern and southern dynasties era. * Lu Yu (; 733–804), sage of tea, author of
the Classic of Tea ''The Classic of Tea'' or ''Tea Classic'' () is the first known monograph on tea in the world, by Chinese writer Lu Yu between 760 CE and 762 CE, during the Tang dynasty. Lu Yu's original manuscript is lost; the earliest editions available date ...
. * Zhao Mengfu (; 1254–1322), great calligrapher and high officer in Yuan dynasty. *
Guan Daogao Guan Daogao (1262 – 1319?) was a Chinese calligrapher, poet, and painter who lived during the Yuan Dynasty. She was born in Qixian, Wuxing (modern-day Huzhou, Zhejiang Province Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an easte ...
(1262 - 1319?), calligrapher and author. *
Yu Yue Yu Yue (; December 1821 5 February 1907), courtesy name Yinfu, '' hao'' Quyuan, was a prominent scholar and official of Qing dynasty China. An expert in philology and textual studies, he taught and wrote prolifically on the classics and his ...
(; 1821–1906), scholar. *
Shen Jiaben Shen Jiaben (, 1840 – 1913), alias Jiyi (), was a Late Qing Chinese politician and jurist from Huzhou, Zhejiang province. Shen became a jinshi in 1883. He had been once the Prefect of Tianjin during 1893–7, then the Vice Minister of ...
(; 1840–1913), Late Qing Chinese scholar and jurist. *
Wu Changshuo Wu Changshuo (, September 12, 1844 – November 29, 1927, also romanised as Wu Changshi, ), born Wu Junqing (), was a Chinese calligrapher, painter, and seal artist of the late Qing Period. Life Wu was born into a scholarly family in Huzho ...
(; 1844–1927), great calligrapher. * Chen Qimei (; 1878–1916), revolutionary, member of Chinese Tongmenghui.
Chen Guofu Chen Guofu or Chen Kuo-fu (; 5 October 1892 – 25 August 1951), was a Chinese politician in the Republic of China. His given name was Zudao (), though he was also known as "Guofu (果夫)". He was born in Wuxing, Zhejiang, China (modern Huzh ...
() and Chen Lifu () are nephews of Chen Qimei. *
Lei Zhen Lei Chen (; 8 July 1897 – 7 March 1979) was a Chinese politician and dissident who was the early leading figure in the movement to bring fuller democracy to the government of the Republic of China. Born in Zhejiang in 1897, Lei was educated ...
(; 1897–1979), politician and political analyst of the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
. * Dai Jitao (; 1891–1949), politician of the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...
. * Zhu Jiahua (; 1893–1963), politician of the Republic of China. * Zhao Jiuzhang (; 1907–1968), (ancestral roots in Wuxing) meteorologist and physicist. * Qian Sanqiang (; 1913–1992), scientist in Chinese atomic bomb study; and his father Qian Xuantong (; 1887–1939), scholar. *
Tu Shou'e Tu Shou'e or Shou-ngo Tu (; 1917–2012) was a Chinese aerospace engineer who was a specialist in structural mechanics. Tu is famous as the chief designer of the Long March 2 rocket and China's intercontinental ballistic missile. Together with ...
(; 1917–2012), scientist and rocket designer. * ; (1968–2001), fighter pilot who sacrificed himself during the
Hainan Island incident The Hainan Island incident occurred on April 1, 2001, when a United States Navy EP-3E ARIES II signals intelligence aircraft and a People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) J-8II interceptor fighter jet collided in mid-air, resulting in an interna ...
in April 2001.


Specialty

*''Silk'': Huzhou is well known as one of the birthplaces for silk cultivation. In 1958, a great number of silk, silk ribbon and uncarbonized tablets were found in the southern suburbs of Huzhou. Scientists from the Institute of Archaeology measured these silk products carefully and determined the age of the silk to date back 4700 years. Now, these silk pieces have become the greatest treasures of the
Zhejiang Silk Museum Zhejiang ( or , ; , Chinese postal romanization, also romanized as Chekiang) is an East China, eastern, coastal Provinces of China, province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable citie ...
. Huzhou silk has many desirable features, such as paleness in color, luster, flexibility, and roundness in shape. As a result, Huzhou silk has been respected and desired for a very long time. The history of Huzhou silk can be uncovered back to the time of the Warring States (474 BC –221 BC). By the time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 AD – 589 AD), Huzhou silk had already been exported to more than ten countries. During the Tang dynasty (618 AD – 907 AD), Huzhou silk was chosen for an imperial tribute, thus marking the first prosperity in silk production. With the establishment of the Ming dynasty (1368 AD – 1644 AD), the residents living near Lake Tai entered the profitable textile industry, resulting in a larger workforce and a refinement of Huzhou silk products. Huzhou silk has won awards at World Fairs, and is desired by clothing and furnishing manufacturers overseas."huzhou silk history." baidu. baidu, 09 May 2009. Web. 30 Oct 2013. . *"" Huzhou ink brush"" Huzhou has a long history of manufacturing
ink brushes Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thi ...
, and it can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty. Huzhou's ink brush production and manufacture gained prominence in the Ming Dynasty (13th century). Since the late 20th century, Huzhou has been known as the "Hometown of the Ink Brush". Huzhou also holds an annual "Huzhou Ink Brush Festival", and the festival also has some memorial activities dedicated to Meng Tian - the inventor of ink brush pen. The most famous brush pen workshop in Huzhou could be the Shanlian (), thus its brush pens are named Shanlian Hubi () in reverence of this workshop. Shanlian is also a local place name, whose ancient name was Mengxi (). Meng Tian made brush pens there. *''Zhou Shenji's Wonton'' The now popular Huzhou style Wonton dish is known to be introduced by an ingenious man named Zhouji. It is said that in 1930, Mr. Zhouji saw how profitable Ding Lianfang's roadside restaurant (began in 1878) was by serving a noodle bowl with bean curd dumplings. As a result of this observation, Zhouji also opened a store to compete for the same clients. Soon after, Mr. Zhouji found that his roadside restaurant could not replicate his competitors profit and was forced to close. However, considering what his competitor did not sell, he rethought his plans. He opened a new roadside restaurant called "Zhou Shengji's". Unlike his first venture, this one made a profit. He sold a wonton bowl with flower dumplings filled with various ingredients. The dumplings could have pork, with your choice of mix such as celery, bamboo, or spinach. And Zhou Shenji's cooks continue to be very particular about the quality of dumpling they serve. They select all the raw materials very carefully, such as wheat flower, sesame, sesame oil, wine, sugar, salt and other spices that need to be added to create the flower dumpling shell. Furthermore, Zhouji invented a special process so that dumplings do not break up easily when boiled. Combined with a special sauce, the dumplings have a satisfying taste and thus are a very popular dish.


See also

* Huzhou ink brush *
Sheraton Huzhou Hot Spring Resort Sheraton Huzhou Hot Spring Resort () is a luxury hotel and resort located in Huzhou, China. It has nicknames such as "Horseshoe Hotel" and "Doughnut Hotel" due to its Torus geometrical shape. The horseshoe-shaped hotel, 27-story structure lies o ...


References


External links


Government website of Huzhou
* {{Authority control Cities in Zhejiang Prefecture-level divisions of Zhejiang National Forest Cities in China