Heinrich Von Wlislocki
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Heinrich Adalbert von Wlislocki ( Hungarian: ''Wlislocki Henrik''; born 9 July 1856 in
Kronstadt Kronstadt (russian: Кроншта́дт, Kronshtadt ), also spelled Kronshtadt, Cronstadt or Kronštádt (from german: link=no, Krone for "crown" and ''Stadt'' for "city") is a Russian port city in Kronshtadtsky District of the federal city of ...
; died 19 February 1907 in Klosdorf bei Kleinkopisch, now in
Șona Șona (german: Schönau; hu, Szépmező) is a commune located in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Alecuș (''Elekes''), Biia (''Magyarbénye''), Doptău (''Dobtanya''), Lunca Târnavei (until 1964 ''Spini''; ...
) was a
Transylvania Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
n
linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguis ...
and
folklorist Folklore studies, less often known as folkloristics, and occasionally tradition studies or folk life studies in the United Kingdom, is the branch of anthropology devoted to the study of folklore. This term, along with its synonyms, gained currenc ...
. The son of an ethnically Polish Austro-Hungarian Imperial tax collector and a
Transylvanian Saxon The Transylvanian Saxons (german: Siebenbürger Sachsen; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjer Såksen''; ro, Sași ardeleni, sași transilvăneni/transilvani; hu, Erdélyi szászok) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania ...
, he attended the venerable
Johannes Honter Johannes Honter (also known as Johann Hynter; Latinized as Johann Honterus or Ioannes Honterus; Romanian sources may credit him as Ioan, Hungarian ones as János; 1498 – 23 January 1549) was a Transylvanian Saxon, renaissance humanist, Prote ...
us
Gymnasium (school) ''Gymnasium'' (and variations of the word) is a term in various European languages for a secondary school that prepares students for higher education at a university. It is comparable to the US English term '' preparatory high school''. Bef ...
in Kronstadt and then the recently founded University of Klausenburg (later
Franz Joseph University Royal Hungarian Franz Joseph University ( hu, Magyar Királyi Ferenc József Tudományegyetem) was the second modern university in the Hungarian realm of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Founded in 1872, its seat was initially in Kolozsvár (Clu ...
) from 1875 to 1879. In 1879 he earned his doctorate with a dissertation on
Eddic "Edda" (; Old Norse ''Edda'', plural ''Eddur'') is an Old Norse term that has been attributed by modern scholars to the collective of two Medieval Icelandic literary works: what is now known as the ''Prose Edda'' and an older collection of poem ...
poetry, ''Hapax Legomena im
Atlamál ''Atlamál in grǿnlenzku'' (''The Greenlandic Lay of List of names of Thor, Atli'') is one of the heroic poems of the ''Poetic Edda''. It relates the same basic story as ''Atlakviða'' at greater length and in a different style. The poem is beli ...
'', which was published in ''Acta Comparationis Litterarum Universarum,'' a journal edited by his academic advisors, Hugo Meltzl and
Sámuel Brassai Sámuel Brassai (15 June 1797 – 24 June 1897) was a Hungarian linguist and teacher sometimes called "The Last Transylvanian Polymath A polymath ( el, πολυμαθής, , "having learned much"; la, homo universalis, "universal human") ...
. After the death of his father, he worked in humble circumstances as a private tutor. From 1883 to 1890 he lived in Mühlbach (Sebeș). In his specialty,
Romani studies Romani studies (occasionally Gypsiology) is an interdisciplinary ethnic studies field concerned with the culture, history and political experiences of the Romani people. The discipline also focuses on the interactions between other peoples and Ro ...
, he pursued an extensive literary collection effort and engaged in field studies with nomadic Transylvanian Gypsies. He became a member of a clan and was married for a time to a Gypsy woman named Rosa Saric, from whom he was later divorced. He developed a distinguished reputation as a researcher in this area.
Charles Godfrey Leland Charles Godfrey Leland (August 15, 1824 – March 20, 1903) was an American humorist and folklorist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was educated at Princeton University and in Europe. Leland worked in journalism, travelled extensivel ...
in 1889 said Wlislocki was probably more "practically familiar" with Gypsy life and language than "any scholar who ever lived." From 1896 to 1898 he collaborated on Hans Ferdinand Helmolt's ''History of the World''. In his last years, from 1899 to his death in 1907, he suffered from mental illness and lived under the care of his then-wife, a teacher of Hungarian named Fanny Dörfler. Dörfler was a published folkorist herself. Wlislocki published numerous essays in periodicals, among others in the ''Ungarischen Revue'' (Hungarian Review), the ''Zeitschrift für vergleichende Literaturgeschichte'', the ''Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society'', the '' Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie'' and the ''
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft The ''Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft'' (English: "Journal of the German Oriental Society") is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering Oriental studies, published by Harrassowitz Verlag on behalf of the Deutsche Morgenl ...
''. He also worked as a translator, translating Sandor Petőfi into Icelandic and János Vajda and "K. Szász" (per Helmolt, probably Károly Szász, 1829–1905) into German. In 2001, the Department of Romology of the
University of Pécs The University of Pécs (UP; Hungarian: ''Pécsi Tudományegyetem''; PTE) is an institution of higher education in Hungary. The modern university was established in 1912 but has its roots in the medieval university founded in Pécs in 1367 by ...
established the Wlislocki Henrik Roma Student College, named after Wlislocki.


Publications

* ''Haideblüten. Volkslieder der transsilvanischen Zigeuner,'' Leipzig: Friedrich, 1880 * ''Die Sprache der transsilvanischen Zigeuner. Grammatik, Wörterbuch,'' Leipzig: Friedrich, 1884 * ''Märchen und Sagen der Transsilvanischen Zigeuner'', Berlin: Nicolai, 1886
online
* "Zauber- und Besprechungs-Formeln der transsilvanischen und südungarischen Zigeuner," ''Publicationen der ethnologischen Mitteilungen aus Ungarn,'' 2, Budapest: self published, 1887 * "Zur Volkskunde der transsilvanischen Zigeuner, ''Sammlung gemeinverständlicher wissenschaftlicher Vorträge,'' Neue Folge, 36, No. 2, Hamburg: Richter, 1887 * "Sitte und Brauch der Siebenbürger Sachsen," ''Sammlung gemeinverständlicher wissenschaftlicher Vorträge,'' Neue Folge, 63, Hamburg: Verlagsanstalt u. Dr., 1888 * "Aus dem Leben der Siebenbürger Rumänen," ''Sammlung gemeinverständlicher wissenschaftlicher Vorträge,'' Neue Folge, 87, No. 4, Hamburg: Verlagsanstalt u. Dr., 1889 * ''Volksdichtungen der siebenbürgischen und südungarischen Zigeuner'', Wien: Graeser, 1890 * ''Vom wandernden Zigeunervolke. Bilder aus dem Leben der Siebenbürger Zigeuner. Geschichtliches, Ethnologisches, Sprache und Poesie'', Hamburg: Richter, 1890 * "Die Szekler und Ungarn in Siebenbürgen," ''Sammlung gemeinverständlicher wissenschaftlicher Vorträge,'' Neue Folge, 137, No. 6, Hamburg: Verlagsanstalt u. Dr., 1891 * ''Märchen und Sagen der Bukowinaer und Siebenbürger Armenier'', Hamburg: Verlagsanstalt u. Dr., 1891 * "Volksglaube und religiöser Brauch der Zigeuner," ''Darstellungen aus dem Gebiete der nichtchristlichen Religionsgeschichte,'' 4, Münster i. W.: Aschendorff, 189
online
* ''Aus dem inneren Leben der Zigeuner'', Berlin: Felber, 1892 * ''Volksglaube und Volksbrauch der Siebenbürger Sachsen'', Berlin: Felber, 1893 * ''Aus dem Volksleben der Magyaren. Ethnologische Mitteilungen'', München: Huttler, 1893 * "Volksglaube und religiöser Brauch der Magyaren," ''Darstellungen aus dem Gebiete der nichtchristlichen Religionsgeschichte,'' 8, Münster i. W.: Aschendorff, 189
online
* "Zur Ethnographie der Zigeuner in Südosteuropa. Tsiganologische Aufsätze und Briefe aus dem Zeitraum 1880–1905," ''Studien zur Tsiganologie und Folkloristik'', 12, Joachim S. Hohmann, ed., Frankfurt am Main u. a.: Lang, 1994


Bibliography

* * Hans Ferdinand Helmolt: ''Ein Freund der Zigeuner'', in: Das literarische Echo, 9. Jahrgang, 1. August 1907, Sp. 1632–163
online
* Brigitte Stephani: ''Vom hohen Wert der Volkspoesie.'' Heinrich v. Wlislocki – ein vielseitiger Erforscher siebenbürgischer Folklore. In: Volk und Kultur (Bukarest), 33/9, Sept. 1981, S. 52 ff., 2 Abb. * Joachim S. Hohmann: ''Leben am Rande der Zeit. Der "Zigeunerforscher", Ethnologe und Sprachforscher Heinrich Adalbert von Wlislocki'', in: Heinrich von Wlislocki: ''Zur Ethnographie der Zigeuner in Südosteuropa. Tsiganologische Aufsätze und Briefe aus dem Zeitraum 1880–1905 (= Studien zur Tsiganologie und Folkloristik, 12)'', hrsg. von Joachim S. Hohmann, Lang, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1994, S. 9–53. * Maria Sass: ''Heinrich von Wlislocki (1856–1907) – der siebenbürgische Forscher und Sammler von volksliterarischen Produktionen der Roma'', in: Transilvania (Sibiu), Nr. 10, 2007, S. 35–40.


External links


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wlislocki, Heinrich von 1856 births 1907 deaths Transylvanian Saxon people Hungarian folklorists Linguists from Hungary Polish Austro-Hungarians Hungarian people of Polish descent People from Brașov Linguists of Romani