Hudscott is a historic estate within the parish and former
manor of
Chittlehampton
Chittlehampton is a village and civil parish in the North Devon district of Devon, England. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Swimbridge, Filleigh, South Molton, Satterleigh and Warkleigh, High Bickington, ...
, Devon. From 1700 it became a seat of a junior branch of the influential Rolle family of
Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe
Heanton Satchville was a historic manor in the parish of Petrockstowe, North Devon, England. With origins in the Domesday manor of Hantone, it was first recorded as belonging to the Yeo family in the mid-14th century and was then owned succe ...
and in 1779 became a secondary seat of the senior Rolle family of
Stevenstone
Stevenstone is a former manor within the parish of St Giles in the Wood, near Great Torrington
Great Torrington (often abbreviated to Torrington, though the villages of Little Torrington and Black Torrington are situated in the same r ...
, then the largest landowner in Devon. Hudscott House, classified in 1967 a
Grade II* listed
In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
building, is situated one mile south-east of the village of Chittlehampton. It was largely rebuilt in the 17th century by the Lovering family and in the late 17th century became a refuge for
ejected Presbyterial ministers.
[Listed building text] In 1737 its then occupant Samuel II Rolle (1703-1747) purchased the
manor of Chittlehampton and thus Hudscott House became in effect the
manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor. The house formed the administrative centre of a manor in the European feudal system; within its great hall were held the lord's manorial courts, communal meals w ...
of Chittlehampton.
Descent
Pre Norman Conquest
The estate derives its name from having been before the
Norman Conquest
The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Norman, Breton, Flemish, and French troops, all led by the Duke of Normandy, later styled William the Conque ...
of 1066 the
cott
Primo Water Corporation (formerly Cott Corporation) is an American-Canadian water company offering multi-gallon bottled water, water dispensers, self-service refill water machines, and water filtration appliances. The company is headquartered in ...
of the Saxon
cottar
Cotter, cottier, cottar, or is the German or Scots term for a peasant farmer (formerly in the Scottish Highlands for example). Cotters occupied cottages and cultivated small land lots. The word ''cotter'' is often employed to translate th ...
named ''Hudda''.
[Andrews, no. 128, January 1958]
13th century
''Hudescote'' is listed in the Assize Roll of 1281, and paid a chief rent of 6 1/2
d ''per annum'' as one of the 10 freeholdings within the manor of Chittlehampton.
Others included
Brightley and
Hawkridge.
Venner
The first known family to have resided at Hudscott was that of Venner. The descent was as follows:
Robert Venner
Robert Venner of ''Hudescot'' who married Joane Brighte, daughter of William Brighte. The Brett (''alias'' "Brighte", "Brite", etc.) family were from
Pilland in the parish of
Pilton near
Barnstaple
Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...
and Robert Brett (died 1540) was lord of the manor of Pilland and the last steward of
Pilton Priory
The Church of St Mary the Virgin in Pilton is the 13th-century Anglican parish church for the Pilton suburb of Barnstaple in Devon. It has been a Grade I listed building since 1951 and comes under the Diocese of Exeter.
History and exterior
T ...
before the
Dissolution of the Monasteries The Brett family was from
Whitestaunton
Whitestaunton is a village and civil parish in the South Somerset district of Somerset, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Northay. It was known simply as Staunton until the 14th century.
History
The univallate Iron Age hill fort at Horse ...
in Somerset and had married the heiress of Pilland late in the 15th century. The Brett family is today represented by
Viscount Esher
Viscount Esher, of Esher in the County of Surrey, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 11 November 1897 for the prominent lawyer and judge William Brett, 1st Baron Esher, upon his retirement as Master of the Rolls ...
.
William I Venner
William I Venner "of Chittlehampton" (son), who in 1578 at Chittlehampton married Elizabeth Copleston, daughter of Humphry Copleston of
Instow
Instow is a village in north Devon, England. It is on the estuary where the rivers Taw and Torridge meet, between the villages of Westleigh and Yelland and on the opposite bank to Appledore. There is an electoral ward with the same name. Th ...
, a great-grandson of Philip Copleston of Copleston in the parish of
Colebrooke, Devon,
Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Queen's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative f ...
in 1472. The Copleston family is according to a traditional rhyme one of the most ancient Devonshire gentry families:
:"Crocker, Cruwys and Copplestone,
:When
The Conqueror came were all at home".
William's daughter Mary Venner (died 1651) married Joachim Rolle (died 1639),
the 5th or 6th son of
John Rolle (1522–1570) of
Stevenstone
Stevenstone is a former manor within the parish of St Giles in the Wood, near Great Torrington
Great Torrington (often abbreviated to Torrington, though the villages of Little Torrington and Black Torrington are situated in the same r ...
, Devon, by his wife Margaret Ford, daughter of John Ford of Ashburton.
[Vivian, p.653, pedigree of Rolle] Joachim and his wife appear to have lived at Hudscott
as their mural monument survives on the north wall of the aisle of St Hieritha's parish church
and both were buried at Chittlehampton.
Joachim Rolle's mural monument, on top of which are displayed the Rolle arms and crest, is inscribed thus:
"Here lyeth the body of Joachim Rolle sonne unto John Rolle of Stevenstone Esquier deceased who married Mary the daughter of William Venner of this parish Gent deceased and who departed this life the 30th day of January in the faith of Christ Anno Dni 1638. As thou art so was I, and as I am so shalt thou bee"
A depiction of Joachim kneeling with his seven brothers survives on a
monumental brass
A monumental brass is a type of engraved sepulchral memorial, which in the 13th century began to partially take the place of three-dimensional monuments and effigies carved in stone or wood. Made of hard latten or sheet brass, let into the paveme ...
panel to the right of the brass of his mother Margaret Ford, on the floor of the south aisle, St Giles' Church,
St Giles in the Wood
St Giles in the Wood is a village and civil parish in the Torridge district of Devon, England. The village lies about 2.5 miles east of the town of Great Torrington, and the parish, which had a population of 566 in 2001 compared with 623 in 1901 ...
, Devon, the parish church of Stevenstone. Joachim's first cousin Abell Rolle (son of Robert Rolle, 5th son of the patriarch George Rolle) also had a connection with Chittlehampton as he married Gertrude Acland, daughter of Anthony II Acland (1568-1614) of
Hawkridge, Chittlehampton
Hawkridge in the parish of Chittlehampton in North Devon, England, is an historic estate, anciently the seat of a junior branch of the Acland family which originated at nearby Acland, Landkey, Acland, in the parish of Landkey and later achieved ...
.
Humphry Venner (died 1647)
Humphry Venner (died 1647) (son), who is listed in the Chittlehampton
manorial court
The manorial courts were the lowest courts of law in England during the feudal period. They had a civil jurisdiction limited both in subject matter and geography. They dealt with matters over which the lord of the manor had jurisdiction, primarily ...
roll of 1641.
He married twice, firstly to Elizabeth Farwel (daughter of Richard Farwel of Somerset) by whom he had two daughters; secondly in 1610 to Dorothie Whiddon, daughter of Francis Whiddon of
Chagford
Chagford is a market town and civil parish on the north-east edge of Dartmoor, in Devon, England, close to the River Teign and the A382, 4 miles (6 km) west of Moretonhampstead. The name is derived from ''chag'', meaning gorse or broom, and ...
. By his 2nd wife he had 4 sons and 3 daughters. His eldest son John Venner (1612-pre-1646) died unmarried and predeceased his father, which left his younger brother William Venner (died 1690) as heir to Hudscott.
William II Venner (died 1690)
William II Venner (died 1690) (second son), who married Elizabeth of unrecorded family, by whom he had 1 son and 2 daughters. His son William Venner (born 1657) predeceased his father, as did his sister Susanna Venner (1652-1671), which left the surviving daughter Elizabeth Venner (born 1657) as sole heiress. Elizabeth married John II Lovering (died 1686) of Huxhill in the parish of
Weare Giffard
Weare Giffard is a small village, civil parish and former manor in the Torridge district, in north Devon. The church and manor house are situated 2 1/2 miles NW of Great Torrington in Devon. Most of the houses within the parish are situated ...
. It appears however that Hudscott had been the residence of his father John I Lovering and his wife Dorothy Dodderidge, as the arms of Lovering impaling Dodderidge exist on an escutcheon within a scroll-work plaster overmantel in the hall. Andrews (1958) suggested that John I Lovering was a nephew of William Venner, and that at some time before his death in 1690 Venner had handed over the estate to Lovering.
Lovering
John I Lovering (died 1675)
John I Lovering (died 1675) was a merchant of
Weare Giffard
Weare Giffard is a small village, civil parish and former manor in the Torridge district, in north Devon. The church and manor house are situated 2 1/2 miles NW of Great Torrington in Devon. Most of the houses within the parish are situated ...
. The Lovering family held at some time the north Devon manor of
Bittadon
Bittadon is a civil parish and former manor in the North Devon district of Devon, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 45. It is about seven miles north of Barnstaple and is surrounded clockwise from the north b ...
. It is not clear how he came to reside at Hudscott; Andrews (1958) suggested that John I Lovering was a nephew of William Venner, and that at some time before his death in 1690 Venner had handed over the estate to Lovering. He married Dorcas Doddridge,
[Will of John Lovering, proved 1675, National Archives] sister and co-heiress of
John Doddridge
Sir John Doddridge (akas: Doderidge or Dodderidge; 1555–1628) was an English lawyer, appointed Justice of the King's Bench in 1612 and served as Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1589 and for Horsham in 1604.Fuidge He was also an antiquarian ...
(1610-1666), MP, of
Bremridge
Bremridge is a historic estate within the former hundred of South Molton in Devon, England. It is now within the parish of Filleigh but was formerly in that of South Molton. It is situated 8 miles north-west of South Molton. Since the constructi ...
, Filleigh. She was the daughter of
Pentecost Dodderidge
Pentecost Dodderidge (died c. 1650) of Barnstaple in North Devon, was three times Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1621, 1624 and 1625.
Origins
Dodderidge was a son of Richard Doddridge, merchant, of Barnstaple. His elder brother was ...
(died c. 1650) of
Barnstaple
Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...
, MP, by his wife Elizabeth Wescombe.
[Devon and Cornwall Notes and Queries 1901]
/ref> Pentecost Dodderidge was the brother and heir of Sir John Dodderidge (1555-1628), a Judge of the King's Bench, who had purchased for his seat the estate of Bremridge
Bremridge is a historic estate within the former hundred of South Molton in Devon, England. It is now within the parish of Filleigh but was formerly in that of South Molton. It is situated 8 miles north-west of South Molton. Since the constructi ...
, near South Molton
South Molton is a town in Devon, England. It is part of the North Devon local government district. The town is on the River Mole. According to the 2001 census the civil parish of South Molton had a population of 4,093, increasing to 5,108 at the ...
. Bremridge survives today, but without the demolished wings of the grand Dodderidge mansion, but the arms of Dodderidge survive above the front door. The judge's magnificent effigy survives in the Lady Chapel
A Lady chapel or lady chapel is a traditional British term for a chapel dedicated to "Our Lady", Mary, mother of Jesus, particularly those inside a cathedral or other large church. The chapels are also known as a Mary chapel or a Marian chapel, an ...
of Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral, properly known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, is an Anglican cathedral, and the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, in the city of Exeter, Devon, in South West England. The present building was complete by about 140 ...
. The Dodderidge family were important merchants and ship-owners in Barnstaple and their Elizabethan mansion survived until the early 20th century in Cross Street, Barnsatple, until it was demolished to make way for a new post office. The oak panelling and chimneypiece of one room however was saved and now lines the walls of one of the rooms in the Barnstaple guildhall. The arms of Lovering impaling
Impalement, as a method of torture and execution, is the penetration of a human by an object such as a stake, pole, spear, or hook, often by the complete or partial perforation of the torso. It was particularly used in response to "crimes aga ...
Dodderidge exist at Hudscott on an escutcheon within a scroll-work plaster overmantel in the hall. It was apparently Dorcas Dodderidge who was referred to in an 1871 text on the Great Ejection
The Great Ejection followed the Act of Uniformity 1662 in England. Several thousand Puritan ministers were forced out of their positions in the Church of England, following The Restoration of Charles II. It was a consequence (not necessarily ...
of 1662:
On the road to Umberleigh
Umberleigh is a former large manor within the historic hundred of (North) Tawton, but today a small village in North Devon in England. It used to be an ecclesiastical parish, but following the building of the church at Atherington it becam ...
, five miles from South Molton
South Molton is a town in Devon, England. It is part of the North Devon local government district. The town is on the River Mole. According to the 2001 census the civil parish of South Molton had a population of 4,093, increasing to 5,108 at the ...
, there stands a fine old English mansion called Hudscott, where at this time (1662) there lived a noble puritan
The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Catholic Church, Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become m ...
lady, who like Phoebe, had been a 'succour of many'. It was her delight to entertain such men as John Flavel
John Flavel (c. 1627–1691) was an English Puritan Presbyterian minister and author.
Life
Flavel, the eldest son of the Rev. Richard Flavel, described as 'a painful and eminent minister,' who was incumbent successively of Bromsgrove, Worceste ...
of Torrington and other dejected ministers, whose writings, the labours of a forced retirement, have become the inheritance of the whole church.
This referred to about two thousand puritan clergy who after the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 had refused to use the Book of Common Prayer
The ''Book of Common Prayer'' (BCP) is the name given to a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion and by other Christian churches historically related to Anglicanism. The original book, published in 1549 in the reign ...
which had been banned during the Commonwealth
A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has been synonymous with "republic". The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from the ...
but then had been restored for compulsory usage by the Act of Uniformity 1662
The Act of Uniformity 1662 (14 Car 2 c 4) is an Act of the Parliament of England. (It was formerly cited as 13 & 14 Ch.2 c. 4, by reference to the regnal year when it was passed on 19 May 1662.) It prescribed the form of public prayers, adm ...
. Such clergy were then ejected from their livings and in 1664 were forbidden by Parliament, having passed the Five Mile Act
The Five Mile Act, or Oxford Act, or Nonconformists Act 1665, was an Act of the Parliament of England (17 Charles II c. 2), passed in 1665 with the long title "An Act for restraining Non-Conformists from inhabiting in Corporations". It was one ...
, to preach within 5 miles of an incorporated town. The house incorporates a small former chapel, which may have been used during this time. Another of the rare Devonshire protectoresses of ejected clergy at this time was Rachael Fane (1612/13-1680), wife of Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath
Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath (1587 – 16 August 1654) of Tawstock in Devon, was an English peer who held the office of Lord Privy Seal and was a large landowner in Ireland in Limerick and Armagh counties, and in England in Devon, Som ...
of Tawstock Court, near Barnstaple, whose monument in Tawstock
Tawstock is a village, civil parish and former manor in North Devon in the English county of Devon, England. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Barnstaple, Bishop's Tawton, Atherington, Yarnscombe, Horwood, ...
Church states: ''She was a humble and devout daughter of the Church of England and in times of persecution a mother to the ejected Fathers and in these parts almost their only protectress''.
John II Lovering (died 1686)
John II Lovering (died 1686), of Huxhill in the parish of Weare Giffard
Weare Giffard is a small village, civil parish and former manor in the Torridge district, in north Devon. The church and manor house are situated 2 1/2 miles NW of Great Torrington in Devon. Most of the houses within the parish are situated ...
, was a merchant trading at Barnstaple
Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...
. He was the son of John I Lovering (died 1675) a merchant of Weare Giffard
Weare Giffard is a small village, civil parish and former manor in the Torridge district, in north Devon. The church and manor house are situated 2 1/2 miles NW of Great Torrington in Devon. Most of the houses within the parish are situated ...
by his wife Dorcas Doddridge, sister and co-heiress of John Doddridge
Sir John Doddridge (akas: Doderidge or Dodderidge; 1555–1628) was an English lawyer, appointed Justice of the King's Bench in 1612 and served as Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1589 and for Horsham in 1604.Fuidge He was also an antiquarian ...
(died 1666), MP, of Bremridge, South Molton. John II Lovering in 1679/80 purchased from John Wichehalse of Ley (now Lee Abbey
Lee may refer to:
Name
Given name
* Lee (given name), a given name in English
Surname
* Chinese surnames romanized as Li or Lee:
** Li (surname 李) or Lee (Hanzi ), a common Chinese surname
** Li (surname 利) or Lee (Hanzi ), a Chinese ...
) in the parish of Lynmouth
Lynmouth is a village in Devon, England, on the northern edge of Exmoor. The village straddles the confluence of the West Lyn and East Lyn rivers, in a gorge below Lynton, which was the only place to expand to once Lynmouth became as built ...
, and of Chard
Chard or Swiss chard (; ''Beta vulgaris'' subsp. ''vulgaris'', Cicla Group and Flavescens Group) is a green leafy vegetable. In the cultivars of the Flavescens Group, the leaf stalks are large and often prepared separately from the leaf blade; ...
, the manors of Lynton
Lynton is a town on the Exmoor coast in the North Devon district in the county of Devon, England, approximately north-east of Barnstaple and west of Minehead, and close to the confluence of the West Lyn and East Lyn rivers.
Governance
Lynton ...
and Countisbury
Countisbury is a hamlet on Exmoor in Devon, England. It is roughly two miles east of Lynmouth along the A39. It has a church and pub. The National Trust owns the other buildings.
Since 2012, Countisbury has formed part of the civil parish of B ...
. John Wichehalse was the nephew of William Venner, John II Lovering's father-in-law. John II Lovering is described in the conveyance indenture dated 24 May 1680 as of Weare Giffard
Weare Giffard is a small village, civil parish and former manor in the Torridge district, in north Devon. The church and manor house are situated 2 1/2 miles NW of Great Torrington in Devon. Most of the houses within the parish are situated ...
. His residence there appears to have been at Huxhill Barton. He also purchased in 1645 from Adam Lugg of Barnstaple the manor of East Ilkerton and a moiety of Sparhanger, Radispray and North Fursehill.
John II Lovering appears to have been an exporter of herring fish to Spain, as the following recorded lawsuit of 1658 suggests: "John Martin v. John Lovering: Consignment of fish to St. Lucar or Seville in Spain. Touching a former suit also.: Devon; Spain".
He is mentioned in the historical romance ''Lorna Doone
''Lorna Doone: A Romance of Exmoor'' is a novel by English author Richard Doddridge Blackmore, published in 1869. It is a romance based on a group of historical characters and set in the late 17th century in Devon and Somerset, particularly ar ...
'' (1869) by Richard Doddridge Blackmore as follows:
"And it is a very grievous thing, which touches small landowners, to see an ancient family day by day decaying: and when we heard that Ley Barton itself, and all the Manor of Lynton were under a heavy mortgage debt to John Lovering of Weare-Gifford, there was not much, in our little way, that we would not gladly do or suffer for the benefit of De Whichehalse".
Chanter (1906) states the account in Lorna Doone to be confused.
John II Lovering married Elizabeth Venner, heiress of Hudscott. He had by Elizabeth two sons, John Lovering and Venner Lovering who both predeceased their father without progeny, and two daughters:
**Susanna Lovering (died 1747), who in 1700 married Richard II Acland (1679-1729), lord of the manor of Fremington, near Barnstaple, MP for Barnstaple
Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...
1708-13. Shortly after his marriage he built the large and grand mansion house known as Fremington House
Fremington is a large village, civil parish and former manor in North Devon, England, the historic centre of which is situated three miles (5 km) west of Barnstaple. The village lies between the south bank of the tidal estuary of the Ri ...
, which survives with 19th century alterations, and displays above the entrance door of the south front and on the pediment of the archway to the stable block the arms of Acland impaling Lovering. Acland succeeded his wife's brother-in-law Samuel Rolle as MP for Barnstaple. All Susannah's sons died without progeny, and only her youngest daughter Susanna Acland left progeny, by her husband William Barbor, who inherited the manor of Fremington.
**Dorothy Lovering (1675-1735), heiress of Hudscott, who in 1700 married Samuel I Rolle (1669-1735), apparently her first cousin (see below).
Rolle
Samuel I Rolle (1669-1735)
Samuel I Rolle (1669-1735) of Hudscott, MP for Barnstaple
Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...
between 1705 and 1708 was a member of a cadet branch of the influential Rolle family of Stevenstone
Stevenstone is a former manor within the parish of St Giles in the Wood, near Great Torrington
Great Torrington (often abbreviated to Torrington, though the villages of Little Torrington and Black Torrington are situated in the same r ...
, near Great Torrington
Great Torrington (often abbreviated to Torrington, though the villages of Little Torrington and Black Torrington are situated in the same region) is a market town in Devon, England. Parts of it are sited on high ground with steep drops down to ...
, Devon. He was the eldest son of Dennis Rolle (1638-1671) of Great Torrington, a lawyer of the Inner Temple
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, commonly known as the Inner Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court and is a professional associations for barristers and judges. To be called to the Bar and practise as a barrister in England and Wal ...
, a younger son of Sir Samuel Rolle (died 1647), of Heanton Satchville in the parish of Petrockstowe
Petrockstowe (or Petrockstow) is a small village and civil parish in the district of Torridge in Northern Devon, England. Its population in 2001 was 379, hardly different from the figure of 385 recorded in 1901. The southern boundary of the par ...
, Devon, MP, one of three distinguished grandsons (his brothers were Henry Rolle
Sir Henry Rolle (1589–1656), of Shapwick, Somerset, Shapwick in Somerset, was Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, Chief Justice of the King's Bench and served as Member of parliament, MP for Callington (UK Parliament constituency), Call ...
(died 1656) Chief Justice of the King's Bench & John Rolle (died 1648), MP) of Henry Rolle of Heanton Satchville, 4th son of the founder of the Devonshire Rolles, the Tudor lawyer and property speculator George Rolle
George Rolle (c. 1486 – 20 November 1552) of Stevenstone in the parish of St Giles in the Wood near Great Torrington in Devon, was the founder of the wealthy, influential and widespread Rolle family of Devon, which according to the Return of ...
(died 1552), MP, who purchased Stevenstone. The mother of Samuel I Rolle of Hudscott is stated by Vivian (1895) and by his biographer Cruickshanks to have been Jane Lovering "of Hudscott" which appears to place her as a daughter of John I Lovering (died 1675) by his wife Dorcas Doddridge and seems therefore to suggest that Samuel I Rolle's wife Dorothy Lovering (1675-1735) was his first cousin. Indeed by the time of Samuel's marriage to Dorothy in 1700 it was known that she was a co-heiress to Hudscott, her father having died in 1686 and her brothers before then. Dennis Rolle's elder brother was Robert Rolle (died 1660) of Heanton Satchville, MP, whose wife was Lady Arabella Clinton, co-heiress to the ancient Barony of Clinton. One of their daughters was Bridget Rolle (1648-1721), who brought the Barony of Clinton to her descendants by her husband Francis Trefusis of Trefusis in Cornwall. The last of the Rolles to own Hudscott was John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle
John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle (1750 – 3 April 1842) was a British peer who served as a Member of Parliament in general support of William Pitt the Younger and was later an active member of the House of Lords. His violent attacks on Edmu ...
(died 1842), who married Louisa Trefusis (1794-1885), daughter of Robert George William Trefusis, 17th Baron Clinton (1764–1797). Lord Rolle having died childless, he selected as his heir his wife's nephew Hon. Mark Trefusis, who under the terms of the bequest adopted the name and arms of Rolle. (See further below).
The marriage settlement between Samuel I Rolle and Dorothy Lovering is recorded as follows:
Indenture dated 27 April 1700, between Samuel Rolle, of the Middle Temple
The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, commonly known simply as Middle Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court exclusively entitled to call their members to the English Bar as barristers, the others being the Inner Temple, Gray's Inn an ...
, London, Esq., of one part; Dorothy Lovering, eldest daughter and one of the coheirs of John Lovering, late of Hudscott, Co. Devon, Esq., 2nd part; The Rt Hon. Hugh Boscawen, of Tregothnan ; Samuel Rolle, of Heanton, Esq. ''(his first cousin Col. Samuel Rolle (1646-1719) Samuel Rolle may refer to:
*Samuel Rolle (died 1647), English MP for Grampound, Callington and Devon
*Samuel Rolle (1646–1719), English MP for Callington and Devon (UK Parliament constituency)
Devon was a parliamentary constituency covering th ...
, MP, son of Robert Rolle of Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe
Petrockstowe (or Petrockstow) is a small village and civil parish in the district of Torridge in Northern Devon, England. Its population in 2001 was 379, hardly different from the figure of 385 recorded in 1901. The southern boundary of the par ...
by his wife Lady Arabella Clinton)''; Nicholas Hooper, of Inner Temple, Esq. ; Joseph Bailer, ''(Venner?)'' Barnstaple, gent. ; Richard Parmynter, Barnstaple, merchant ; and Thomas Nott, of Mariansleigh, gent, 3rd part. Whereas a marriage is intended to be solemnized between said Samuel Rolle and Dorothy Lovering, etc. Trustees named are enfeoffed of various lands of Samuel Rolle, and also of lands of Dorothy Lovering, viz. Manor of St. Peter Hays, in parish of St. Thomas, lands granted to Elizabeth Bailer ''(sic, should be "Venner")'', mother of said Dorothy, for jointure, Higher Hudscott, Lower Hudscott, East Dennington, West Dennington, Lerwill, Row Park, Chappels Tenement, Whetstone, all in Chittlehampton ; Chuggaton, Brealey's Tenement and Smallridge's in Swymbridge ; messuages and closes in S. Molton, messuages in occupation of Richard Salisbury at Barnstaple; moiety of Huxhill Barton, Wear Giffard ; moiety of Manor of Countisbury, in parishes of Countisbury and Linton, with all its royalties, rights, members, and appurtenances; moiety of N. Furshill, Lynton; moiety Radspry, Linton; one quarter of Spiranger, Linton; moiety of tenement in East Ilkerton, in possession of Alexander Reed, Lynton; moiety of Manor of Curry Revel ; moiety of manor of Fivehead, and all other manors, lands, of Dorothy Lovering in Devon and Somerset in trust, etc., etc., etc. Children of marriage, etc.
Samuel II Rolle (1704-1747)
Samuel II Rolle (1704-1747), (only surviving son), MP for Barnstaple, who died without progeny and bequeathed his estates, including Hudscott, and the Lovering moiety in Countisbury, to his much wealthier distant cousin, Denys Rolle (1725–1797), MP, of Stevenstone. A monument to Samuel I and his wife and to Samuel II survives on the west wall of the south transept of Chittlehampton Church inscribed as follows:
:"To the memory of Samuel Rolle, Esq., Dorothy his wife and Samuel Rolle Esq., their son, who died: Feb. 28th 1734 aged 66; Ap. 14th 1735 aged 60; March 1st 1746 aged 43. And whose lives have left to posterity a more expressive memorial than can be perpetuated on the most durable marble".
On the monument is shown an escutcheon with the arms of Rolle in the centre of which is an escutcheon of pretence with the arms of Lovering: ''Argent, on a fesse wavy azure a lion passant or'', which signifies that Dorothy Lovering was an heiress. In 1737 Samuel II Rolle purchased the estate of Brightley, like Hudscott within the manor of Chittlehampton, from the executors of Caesar Giffard. The Giffards had acquired the lordship of the manor of Chittlehampton, and this too was acquired by Samuel II Rolle, and thus from 1737 Hudscott became the manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor. The house formed the administrative centre of a manor in the European feudal system; within its great hall were held the lord's manorial courts, communal meals w ...
of Chittlehampton.
Denys Rolle (1725–1797)
Denys Rolle (1725–1797), MP, of Stevenstone, inherited Hudscott from his distant childless cousin Samuel Rolle (1704–1747). He was the 4th son of John Rolle (1679–1730), of Bicton and Stevenstone, and having three elder brothers it may have seemed unlikely in 1747 on the death of Samuel II Rolle that he would inherit the vast paternal Rolle estates. He resided at his manor of East Tytherley
East Tytherley is a small village in Hampshire, England.
The name Tytherley comes from Old English and means ''thin or tender wood''.
The village was given to Queen Philippa by her husband Edward III in 1335. When the Black Death spread through ...
in Hampshire, and also at Hudscott, and all of his children were baptised at Chittlehampton. His son's 1772 marriage settlement stated: "Whereas a marriage hath been lately agreed upon between John Rolle the only son of Denys Rolle of Hudscott in the county of Devon, esquire, and Judith Maria Walrond..." But in 1779 following the death of the last surviving of his three elder brothers John Rolle Walter
John Rolle Walter (c. 1714 – 30 November 1779) (born John Rolle) was Tory MP for Exeter in 1754–1776 and for Devon in 1776–1779. He held the honorary position of Town Recorder of Great Torrington in 1739–1779, due to his family's ...
, he inherited the Rolle patrimony and became the largest landowner in Devon. He then had 5 seats at his disposal: Stevenstone and Beam
Beam may refer to:
Streams of particles or energy
*Light beam, or beam of light, a directional projection of light energy
**Laser beam
*Particle beam, a stream of charged or neutral particles
**Charged particle beam, a spatially localized grou ...
, both near Great Torrington, Hudscott and Bicton near Exeter, all in Devon and East Tytherley in Hampshire. He died on 26 June 1797, aged 72, of angina
Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is chest pain or pressure, usually caused by ischemia, insufficient blood flow to the Cardiac muscle, heart muscle (myocardium). It is most commonly a symptom of coronary artery disease.
Angina is typical ...
during one of his habitual 8 mile walks between Hudscott and Stevenstone,
John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle (1750-1842)
John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle
John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle (1750 – 3 April 1842) was a British peer who served as a Member of Parliament in general support of William Pitt the Younger and was later an active member of the House of Lords. His violent attacks on Edmu ...
(1750-1842) (son). At the time of his death in 1842 he had provided Hudscott as a home for his two elderly spinster sisters Anne Rolle (died 1842) and Lucilla Rolle (died 1851), declared a lunatic
Lunatic is an antiquated term referring to a person who is seen as mentally ill, dangerous, foolish, or crazy—conditions once attributed to "lunacy". The word derives from ''lunaticus'' meaning "of the moon" or "moonstruck".
History
The ter ...
in 1846. Lord Rolle's will stated:
:"My said trustees shall and thereout keep up the establishment at Hudscott with the fields and lawn there now in the occupation of my said sisters and the establishment at the house and premises now occupied by my sisters in London with the same or the like number of servants and exactly the same manner and defray and discharge all the expenses of housekeeping and otherwise for my said sister Lucilla. And I particularly desire that Miss Ann Cutcliffe and Miss Harriet Cutcliffe will in case of my said sister Lucilla being the survivor of my said two sisters reside with my said sister Lucilla And I desire that the steward for the time being at Stevenstone shall pay into the hands of the said Zachary Hammett Drake .....out of the rents of my manor and lands at Hudscott such sum or sums of money as has or have been usually paid by him in order that the said ZHD may apply the same in the case afsd for the support and comfort of my said sister Lucilla and for the purpose of paying a compliment of one hundred pounds a year to each of them the said Ann and Harriet Cutcliffe so long as they shall respectively reside with my said sister Lucilla".
Ann Cutcliffe (1781-1859) and her sister Harriet Cutcliffe (1786-1867) were described in the census of 1851 concerning Hudscott as "resident gentlewomen", and were from the ancient gentry family of Cutcliffe of Damage, near Ilfracombe, Devon. They both died unmarried at their family's home Marwood Hill, Marwood, Devon, in which parish church survives their monument.[Vivian, p.267, pedigree of Cutcliffe of Damage] Their sister Frances Cutcliffe (1780-1867) was the mother of Zachary Hammett Drake (died 1856), Rector of Clovelly and Lord Rolle's trustee relating to his sister Lucilla.
On 10 and 11 September 1851, following the death of Lucilla Rolle, an auction was held at Hudscott of "farming stock, corn, hay, potatoes, implements in husbandry and other effects, the property of the late Miss Rolle"
Trefusis (Clinton)
*Hon. Mark Rolle
Hon. Mark George Kerr Rolle (1835–1907; Mark George Kerr Trefusis), of Stevenstone, St Giles in the Wood, Devon, was High Sheriff of Devon in 1864, a DL of Devon and High Steward of Barnstaple.
Due to an inheritance from his uncle by ...
(1835–1907) (heir, nephew of 2nd wife, born Hon. Mark Trefusis, adopted name and arms of Rolle by royal licence, as required by will of Lord Rolle)
* (1863–1957), (heir male
In inheritance, a hereditary successor is a person who inherits an indivisible title or office after the death of the previous title holder. The hereditary line of succession may be limited to heirs of the body, or may pass also to collateral l ...
and nephew of Mark Rolle) of Huish. Lord Clinton left no son to inherit the title, but two daughters, who in 1958 disposed of a large part of the former Rolle estate, including the manor of Chittlehampton and Hudscott. Between these two daughters the title was abeyant
Abeyance (from the Old French ''abeance'' meaning "gaping") is a state of expectancy in respect of property, titles or office, when the right to them is not vested in any one person, but awaits the appearance or determination of the true owner. ...
until 1965:
**Hon. Harriet Trefusis (14 November 1887 – 15 March 1958), married Maj. Henry Nevile Fane (1895 – 2 August 1947). They had seven children.
** Hon. Fenella Trefusis (19 August 1889 – 19 July 1966), married Hon. John Bowes-Lyon. They had five children.
*Gerard Fane-Trefusis, 22nd Baron Clinton
Gerard is a masculine forename of Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic origin, variations of which exist in many Germanic and Romance languages. Like many other Germanic name, early Germanic names, it is dithematic, consisting of two meaningfu ...
(born 1934), grandson of 21st Baron Clinton, son of Henry Nevile Fane by his wife Hon Harriet Trefusis.
Tenants
Following the death of Lucilla Rolle in 1851, Hudscott was let by Mark Rolle, life tenant of the Rolle Estate, to tenants including:
William Thomas Hodgetts (Chambers) Hodgetts (d.1867)
William Thomas Hodgetts (Chambers) Hodgetts (d.1867) was in 1867 a member of the British Ornithologists' Union
The British Ornithologists' Union (BOU) aims to encourage the study of birds ("ornithology") and around the world, in order to understand their biology and to aid their conservation. The BOU was founded in 1858 by Professor Alfred Newton, Henry ...
and died at Hudscott in 1867.[Andrews, p.236, note 1] His daughter Mary Mabel Chambers Hodgetts (who in 1871 had been an orphan and Ward of Chancery) in 1893 donated in his memory the west window of Chittlehampton Church which depicts ''Our Lord in Glory''. A brass plaque in the church is inscribed as follows: ''"To the glory of God and in devoted memory of William Thomas Hodgetts Hodgetts only son of William Wylly Chambers, Captain RN, who died at Hudscott in this parish December 14th 1867. This window is dedicated by his only child Mary Mabel Chambers Hodgetts July 2nd 1893"''. He was baptised William Thomas Hodgetts Chambers, the son of Royal Navy Captain William Wylley Chambers by his wife Eliza Anne Hodgetts, daughter and sole heiress of Thomas Webb Hodgetts (d.1855) of Dudley and Elm Lodge, Hagley, Worcestershire. In compliance with the will of his maternal grandfather Thomas Webb Hodgetts, by royal licence dated 4 March 1867 he assumed the surname of Hodgetts in lieu of Chambers, and quartered the arms of Hodgetts with Chambers. In 1867 William Hodgetts also resided at Instow
Instow is a village in north Devon, England. It is on the estuary where the rivers Taw and Torridge meet, between the villages of Westleigh and Yelland and on the opposite bank to Appledore. There is an electoral ward with the same name. Th ...
, Devon.
John Baring Short (1836-1880)
The tenant of Hudscott in 1873 was John Baring Short (1836-1880), the son of Francis Baring Short of Bickham House, Kenn, near Exeter (by his wife Emily Lane), the younger son and heir of John Jeffrey Short (born 1753) and his wife Charlotte Baring (1763-1833), the youngest daughter of the banker John Baring (1730-1816) of Mount Radford, Exeter, who in partnership with his younger brother Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet
Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet (18 April 1740 – 11 September 1810) was an English merchant banker, a member of the Baring family, later becoming the first of the Baring baronets.
Early life
He was born at Larkbeare House near Exeter, son ...
(1740–1810), established the London merchant house of ''John and Francis Baring Company'', which eventually became Barings Bank
Barings Bank was a British merchant bank based in London, and one of England's List of oldest banks in continuous operation, oldest merchant banks after Berenberg Bank, Barings' close collaborator and German representative. It was founded in 1762 ...
. The Short family was seated at Bickham House, Kenn near Exeter, built in the early 18th century by the Exeter lawyer John I Short, the father of John II Short "Senior", the latter who in 1744 was a partner in the Baring brothers' bank in Exeter and was the father of John Jeffrey Short (b.1753).
The Short family held the shooting rights over the manors of Chittlehampton and adjacent Warkleigh and annually entertained the farmers within those manors to a luncheon and day of Rook shooting at the rookery at Hudscott. John Baring Short's widow, Elizabeth Barry (d.1930) was the only daughter of Major William Norton Barry of Castlecor, Kilbrin
Kilbrin () is a civil parish in the barony of Duhallow, County Cork, Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western ...
, County Cork, Ireland, and remarried to George Thorold (d.1932), of Warkleigh,[Andrews, Chittlehampton, 1962, p.322, note 1] and with him resumed occupation of Hudscott following the death in 1895 of its next tenant Arthur Fortescue.
Elizabeth and her first husband donated the east window, dedicated to Elizabeth's father, to Chittlehampton Church, as evidenced by a brass plaque inscribed as follows: ''"To the glory of God and in memory of William Norton Barry of Castle Cor Co. Cork, Ireland, who died January 23 AD 1871 aged 57. This east window is dedicated by his only daughter Elizabeth and her husband John Baring Short of Hudscott"''
Arthur Fortescue (1858-1895)
Arthur Granville Fortescue (1858-1895) was born in Madeira
)
, anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Region of Madeira")
, song_type = Regional anthem
, image_map=EU-Portugal_with_Madeira_circled.svg
, map_alt=Location of Madeira
, map_caption=Location of Madeira
, subdivision_type=Sovereign st ...
, the 4th son of Hugh Fortescue, 3rd Earl of Devon of Castle Hill, Filleigh
Castle Hill in the parish of Filleigh in North Devon, is an early Neo-Palladian country house situated north-west of South Molton and south-east of Barnstaple. It was built in 1730 by Hugh Fortescue, 14th Baron Clinton (1696–1751), who ...
, Devon. In 1886, he married (Lilla) Gertrude Fane (born 1859), 3rd daughter of Frederick Fane of Moyles Court, Rockford, Hampshire. He was a captain in the Coldstream Guards
The Coldstream Guards is the oldest continuously serving regular regiment in the British Army. As part of the Household Division, one of its principal roles is the protection of the monarchy; due to this, it often participates in state ceremonia ...
and died at Hudscott aged 37 on 3 October 1895. He was buried at Filleigh. He was the president and founder of the Chittlehampton Working Men's Club. The census of 1891 for Hudscott lists his household to contain his wife, eldest son Grenville Fortescue (born 1887) and eight servants. A brass plaque survives in the bell-tower of Chittlehampton Church inscribed: ''"In memory of Arthur Grenville Fortescue 4th son of Hugh 3rd Earl Fortescue. A Captain in the Coldstream Guards
The Coldstream Guards is the oldest continuously serving regular regiment in the British Army. As part of the Household Division, one of its principal roles is the protection of the monarchy; due to this, it often participates in state ceremonia ...
. Born 24th Decr 1858. Died at Hudscott 3rd Octr 1895. This brass is placed here by his wife in the year of our Lord God 1896. Grace, Mercy and Peace"''
George Thorold (1847-1932)
George Aubrey William Thorold (1847-1932) was the tenant of Hudscott in 1901[1891 census, Hudscott] until his death in 1932. His wife Elizabeth Barry (d.1930) (daughter of Major William Norton Barry of Castlecor, Kilbrin
Kilbrin () is a civil parish in the barony of Duhallow, County Cork, Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western ...
, County Cork, Ireland) was the widow of John Baring Short (d.1880), the tenant of Hudscott before Arthur Fortescue. He was the son of Rev. William Thorold, Rector and Patron
Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes, and the wealthy have provided to artists su ...
of Warkleigh, which parish is adjacent to the south of Hudscott, himself the grandson of Sir John Thorold, 9th Baronet
Sir John Thorold, 9th Baronet (1734–1815) was a British book collector and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1779 to 1796.
Early life
Thorold was the eldest son of Sir John Thorold, 8th Baronet and his wife Elizabeth Ayton, daugh ...
(1734-1815), MP for Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs.) is a county in the East Midlands of England, with a long coastline on the North Sea to the east. It borders Norfolk to the south-east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south-west, Leicestershire ...
of Syston Park
Syston is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish was 162 at the 2011 census. It is situated north from Grantham, and on the A607 road which runs to the county tow ...
, near South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a Non-metropolitan district, local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. It covers Bourne, Lincolnshire, Bourne, Grantham, Market Deeping and Stamford, Li ...
, Lincolnshire. In 1843 Rev. William Thorold built as a rectory and family house Warkleigh House, to the design of Abbott of Barnstaple. George Thorold was the owner of the Warkleigh House estate and of several freehold properties within the parishes of Warkleigh and adjoining Satterleigh. He died 9 February 1932, without progeny.[Obituary, North Devon Journal, 14 April 1932] He married (Frances) Elizabeth Gould, born 1842 in Ireland. By coincidence his butler, to whom he bequeathed £400 in his will, was called George Dodderidge, born in 1869 at Crowcombe, Somerset. George Thorold was a solicitor and a keen sportsman. He was a JP for Devon and was governor of West Buckland School
West Buckland School is an independent school in West Buckland, Devon in the English public school tradition. It comprises a senior school, preparatory school, and a nursery. It is a relatively high performing school in Devon. It was one of e ...
and was president of the Umberleigh
Umberleigh is a former large manor within the historic hundred of (North) Tawton, but today a small village in North Devon in England. It used to be an ecclesiastical parish, but following the building of the church at Atherington it becam ...
Fat Stock Show. He left an estate valued at his death at £101,389 gross. Following his death an auction was held by Messrs Cockram, Dobbs and Stagg to dispose of his furniture from Hudscott, in 1,300 lots.[North Devon Journal]
External links
Listed Building Text: Hudscott House
Sources
*Andrews, Rev. J.H.B., (Vicar of Chittlehampton & Prebendary of Exeter Cathedral), Chittlehampton Parish Magazine, various volumes.
*Andrews, Rev. J.H.B., "Chittlehampton", published 1962 in vol.94, pp. 233–338, of Transactions of the Devon...Society
* Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895
Chanter, Rev. J.F., The Parishes of Lynton & Countisbury, published in Report & Transactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature & Art, Vol.38, Lynton, 1906, pp.246-7
Cruickshanks, Eveline, biography of Samuel Rolle (1669-1735), published in History of Parliament: House of Commons 1690-1715
References
{{coord, 51.0064, N, 3.9262, W, source:wikidata, display=title
Historic estates in Devon
Chittlehampton